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"Meskipun pertanian kontrak telah banyak dimanfaatkan sebagai strategi untuk mengatasi masalah kendala pemasaran dan meningkatkan kesejahteraan petani, dampaknya terhadap ketahanan pangan masih kurang diteliti dan ambigu. Selain itu, penelitian empiris mengenai dampak pertanian kontrak terhadap ketahanan pangan di Indonesia belum ada hingga saat ini. Untuk mengisi kekosongan dalam literatur ini, penelitian ini menggunakan propensity score matching (PSM) untuk menganalisis dampak pertanian kontrak terhadap ketahanan pangan dari rumah tangga pertani skala kecil di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan data Survei Pertanian Terintegrasi tahun 2021 yang dirancang untuk memantau indikator sustainable development goals (SDGs). Food insecurity experience scale (FIES) digunakan untuk mengukur ketahanan pangan. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pertanian kontrak dapat meningkat ketahanan pangan rumah tangga petani skala kecil di Indonesia. Namun, perlu diperhatikan bahwa pertanian kontrak hanya memberikan dampak positif untuk kelompok petani tertentu. Pertanian kontrak dapat meningkatkan ketahanan pangan petani tanaman perkebunan tetapi tidak memiliki efek yang sama terhadap ketahanan pangan petani komoditas lainnya. Menurut wilayah, dampak positif dari pertanian kontrak paling besar ada di Maluku Utara. Pertanian kontrak juga hanya berdampak positif untuk petani skala kecil yang paling rawan pangan. Dampak positifnya paling besar untuk petani yang tinggal di pedesaan, petani perempuan, dan petani yang tidak memiliki tanah ataupun ternak. Hasil ini menegaskan peranan pertanian kontrak dalam pembangunan pedesaan, pemberdayaan perempuan, dan pemberatasan kemiskinan untuk petani yang tidak memiliki aset.

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Despite contract farming’s widespread implementation to overcome market constraints and enhance farmers’ livelihoods, its impact on food security remains inadequately investigated and questionable. Moreover, there is a lack of empirical evidence regarding the impact of contract farming on food security in Indonesia. To address this research gap, this study employs propensity score matching (PSM) to mitigate selection bias in examining the impact of contract farming on the food security of smallholder farm households in Indonesia. It utilizes the 2021 Indonesia Agricultural Integrated Survey (SITASI) data, designed to monitor the indicators of sustainable development goals (SDGs) in the agriculture sector. The food insecurity experience scale (FIES) is used to measure food security. This study shows that contract farming can potentially improve the food security of smallholder farm households in Indonesia. However, it is noteworthy to note that it only benefits certain groups of farmers. Contract farming significantly improves food security of estate crop farmers but does not have a similar effect on the food security of farmers of other commodities. Regionally, the positive impact is most pronounced in North Maluku. Contract farming is also found to benefit only smaller farms, which are the most vulnerable to food insecurity. Positive outcomes are more pronounced for rural farmers, women, and those without land or livestock. These results underscore the role of contract farming in promoting rural development, women empowerment, and poverty alleviation among asset-poor farmers."

"This study examines the correlation between women’s employment and individual household members’ food security. It demonstrates that the trade-offs between women’s decision to enter the workforce and family members’ food security may depend on other factors such as household’s buying power, the existence of men’s employment within the household, and individual’s age. By utilizing the Indonesian longitudinal dataset from the Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS) data at the individual level and binary logistic method, this study’s results show a positive correlation between having at least one woman working in one’s household and one’s food security status. The heterogeneity analysis results clarified that employment can benefit not only the well-being of women themselves but also enhance the food security of all members of her household, without any significant difference on the income and expenditure group of the household or whether there are working men in the household.

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Studi ini mengkaji korelasi antara pekerjaan perempuan dan ketahanan pangan masing-masing anggota rumah tangga dan menunjukkan bahwa trade-off antara keputusan perempuan untuk memasuki dunia kerja dan ketahanan pangan anggota keluarga mungkin bergantung pada faktor-faktor lain seperti daya beli rumah tangga, keberadaan laki-laki. pekerjaan dalam rumah tangga, dan usia individu. Dengan memanfaatkan data longitudinal Indonesia dari data Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS) pada tingkat individu dan metode logistic biner, hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat korelasi positif antara memiliki setidaknya satu perempuan yang bekerja di rumah tangga dan status ketahanan pangan seseorang. Analisis heterogenitas menunjukkan bahwa memiliki pekerjaan tidak hanya memberikan manfaat bagi kesejahteraan perempuan itu sendiri tetapi juga meningkatkan ketahanan pangan seluruh anggota rumah tangganya, tanpa adanya perbedaan yang signifikan pada kelompok pendapatan dan pengeluaran rumah tangga tersebut atau apakah terdapat laki-laki yang bekerja di rumah tangga tersebut."

"Kabupaten Karawang telah ditetapkan sebagai daerah pengembangan kawasan industri dimana hal ini berdampak kepada alih fungsi lahan pertanian pola hidup masyarakat dan modal sosial petani . Penelitian ini mendeskripsikan dua hal , pertama modal sosial terhadap ketahanan pangan petani dan kedua peran kepemimpinan seorang kepala daerah yang berorientasi pada ketahanan pangan di era industri yang dapat berpengaruh terhadap modal sosial petani di daerah tersebut . Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan teknik wawancara mendalam dan studi literatur. Hasil analisis menemukan bahwa modal sosial petani di Kabupaten Karawang di era industri ini berada pada tingkatan yang relatif rendah baik dari segi norma yang bersifat informal, networking yang relatif terbatas dan kepercayaan yang belum tumbuh baik dari segi internal maupun eksternal sehingga hal ini berpengaruh terhadap ketahanan pangan dan tingkat kesejahteraan dari petani . Kepemimpinan Bupati Karawang dalam era industri menunjukkan adanya potensi upaya dukungan pada modal sosial petani yang diharapkan dapat mewujudkan ketahanan pangan. Hal ini dapat terus ditingkatkan dengan mengeluarkan kebijakan-kebijakan yang berorientasi pada peningkatan modal sosial petani.

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Karawang regency has been designated as a development of industrial areas where this has an impact to agricultural land conversion, lifestyle and social capital of farmers. This study describes two things, first is social capital of farmers and the leadership role of a regent oriented food security in the industrial era can affect the social capital of farmers . The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative method by using indepth interviews and literature studies. The analysis finds that social capital of farmers in Karawang regency are at relatively low levels both in terms of norms that are informal, networking is relatively limited and trust that has not been grown in the internal and external so that it affects the food security and the welfare of farmers. Karawang Regent in the industrial era suggest the potential for supportive efforts on social capital of farmers who are expected to achieve food security. This can be improved by issuing policies oriented to build the social capital of farmers. "

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi tingkat kesejahteraan dan ketahanan pangan rumah tangga pertanian di Indonesia. Data yang digunakan adalah Survei Pendapatan Usaha Pertanian Tahun 2013 dan Pendataan Potensi Desa Tahun 2014. Berdasarkan hasil analisis inferensial, tingkat kesejahteran rumah tangga pertanian dipengaruhi karakteristik pertanian, karakteristik rumah tangga, dan karakteristik regional. Adapun untuk model ketahanan pangan, hasil penelitian menunjukkan rumah tangga pertanian yang tahan pangan adalah rumah tangga pertanian subsektor tanaman pangan, melakukan diversifikasi pendapatan, mendapatkan subsidi yang sesuai peruntukan usaha pertanian, KRT laki-laki, KRT berusia 55-64 tahun, KRT berpendidikan tinggi, berada di Jawa dan Bali, dan akses jalan yang baik.

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This research aims to study the factors that affect the wealth and food security of agricultural households in Indonesia. Data used in this research is Agricultural Household Income Survey 2013 and the Village Potential Data Collection 2014. Based on the results of inferential analysis, the wealth level of agricultural households affected agricultural characteristics, household characteristics, and regional characteristics. Whereas for the food security models, results showed that food secure households is with food crops subsector, diversifying incomes, gets subsidies corresponding designation agricultural businesses, male head household, age of head household between 55-64, highly educated head household, area of residence in Java and Bali, and good road access."

"[ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis tingkat dan karakteristik ketahanan pangan rumah tangga serta mengidentifikasi faktor determinan ketahanan pangan rumah tangga di Provinsi Jawa Tengah. Identifikasi faktor determinan ketahanan pangan rumah tangga diharapkan dapat menjadi salah satu referensi dalam pengambilan kebijakan untuk mengatasi masalah kerawanan pangan yang lebih terarah dan tepat sasaran. Penelitian ini menggunakan data Susenas 2012. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Data dianalisis dalam dua tahap yaitu analisis deskriptif dan metode statistik dengan menggunakan model Regresi Logistik Ordinal. Namun, sebelumnya dilakukan penghitungan tingkat ketahanan pangan menggunakan penghitungan derajat ketahanan pangan yang diukur berdasarkan klasifikasi silang antara ketercukupan kalori dan pangsa pengeluaran pangan dengan empat kategori yaitu tahan, rawan, kurang, dan rentan pangan. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa tingkat ketahanan pangan rumah tangga di Provinsi Jawa Tengah didominasi oleh kategori rentan pangan yang mencapai 37,20%, disusul oleh Tahan Pangan (32,60%), Kurang Pangan (16,70%), dan Rawan Pangan (13,5%). Faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap ketahanan pangan rumah tangga di Provinsi Jawa Tengah yaitu jenis kelamin, umur, tingkat pendidikan terakhir yang ditamatkan, jenis lapangan kerja, dan status pernikahan kepala rumah tangga; daerah tempat tinggal; jumlah anggota rumah tangga; pengeluaran perkapita; pembelian raskin; dan kepemilikan aset produktif.

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ABSTRACTThis study aimed to analyze level and characteristics of household foodsecurity and to identify its determinants in Central Java. Identification ofhousehold food security determinants is expected to became one of references topolicy making in address focused and targeted food insecurity issues.This study is a quantitative research with cross sectional approach and useddata from The National Socioeconomic Survey (SUSENAS) 2012 in its analysis.Data were analyzed in two stages i.e descriptive analysis and statistical methodsusing ordinal logistic regression model. But, previously performed calculation ofthe level of household food security using the degree of food security, is measuredby the cross-classification between calories adequacy and the share of foodexpenditure, with four level of categories wich are resistant, insecurity, less, andvulnerable,Results of analysis showed that household food security level in CentralJava province is dominated by food vulnerable (37.20%), food resistant (32,60%),less food (16,70%) and food insecurity (13,5%).Gender, age, education level attained last one, the type of employment; andhousehold marital status of head of household; area of residence; number ofhousehold members; expenditure per capita; Raskin acceptance; and ownership ofproductive assets are factors that affect the food security of household in CentralJava province, This study aimed to analyze level and characteristics of household foodsecurity and to identify its determinants in Central Java. Identification ofhousehold food security determinants is expected to became one of references topolicy making in address focused and targeted food insecurity issues.This study is a quantitative research with cross sectional approach and useddata from The National Socioeconomic Survey (SUSENAS) 2012 in its analysis.Data were analyzed in two stages i.e descriptive analysis and statistical methodsusing ordinal logistic regression model. But, previously performed calculation ofthe level of household food security using the degree of food security, is measuredby the cross-classification between calories adequacy and the share of foodexpenditure, with four level of categories wich are resistant, insecurity, less, andvulnerable,Results of analysis showed that household food security level in CentralJava province is dominated by food vulnerable (37.20%), food resistant (32,60%),less food (16,70%) and food insecurity (13,5%).Gender, age, education level attained last one, the type of employment; andhousehold marital status of head of household; area of residence; number ofhousehold members; expenditure per capita; Raskin acceptance; and ownership ofproductive assets are factors that affect the food security of household in CentralJava province]"

"This paper aims at analyzing food insecurity problem at hosehold level and its alleviation strategy alternatives. The analysis results are expected to become inputs for policy makers at central and local government levels in order to strengthen food security and overcome food insecurity at household level...."

"Tesis ini membahas tentang strategi pengembangan pangan lokal berbasis ubi kayu dalam mendukung ketahanan pangan di Kabupaten Batang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi pengembangan pangan lokal ubi kayu dan mencari alternatif strategi pengembangan pangan lokal ubi kayu dalam mendukung ketahanan pangan di Kabupaten Batang. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kuantitatif dengan pendekatan analisis SWOT (Strengths, Weakness, Opportunities, Treaths). Analisis deskriptif dilakukan dengan memaparkan potensi pengembangan ubi kayu dalam mendukung ketahanan pangan di Kabupaten Batang. Sementara Analisis SWOT dilakukan untuk mencari alternatif strategi pengembangan pangan lokal berbasis ubi kayu dalam mendukung ketahanan pangan di Kabupaten Batang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perkembangan ubi kayu di Kabupaten Batang selama tahun 2008-2012 mengalami tingkat penurunan luas panen sebesar -9,21% dan produksi sebesar -18,31%, tetapi potensi pengembangan ubi kayu masih mampu untuk dikembangkan lebih baik lagi. Berdasarkan analisis SWOT menunjukkan bahwa faktor kekuatan bernilai 2,20 dan faktor peluang bernilai 1,95, sehingga Grand Strategy berada di Kuadran I. Kuadran I berarti strategi SO (Strategi Agresif), yaitu strategi menggunakan seluruh kekuatan dan memanfaatkan peluang sebesar-besarnya. Selanjutnya urutan prioritas strategi terpilih adalah: (1) pengembangan kapasitas produksi ubi kayu, (2) pengembangan mutu dan keragaman pangan ubi kayu, (3) peningkatan citra pangan tradisional ubi kayu, (4) peningkatan keberdayaan dan partisipasi masyarakat.

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This thesis discusses the development strategic for local food based on cassava to support of food security in Batang District. This studies aim to determine for development potential and seek development strategies alternative of local food based on cassava in support of food security in Batang. The method was used quantitative descriptive, approached by SWOT (Strengths Weakness Opportunities Treaths) analysis. Descriptive analysis describe development potential of cassava to support of food security in Batang District. While the SWOT analysis was used to find alternative strategies local food based on cassava to support of food security in Batang District.

The results showed that the development of cassava in Batang District during 2008-2012 has decreased harvested area was -9.21% and production was - 18.31%, but potential for cassava development is still able to be developed better. Based on the SWOT analysis shows that the Strengths factor was 2.20 and Opportunities factor was 1.95, so the Grand Strategy was in Quadrant I. Quadrant I means SO strategy (Aggressive Strategy), its strategy uses all the Strenghts and take Opportunities as large possible. Furthermore, the order of priority for selected strategies are: (1) development of cassava production capacity, (2) development of food quality and diversity of cassava, (3) image enhancing of cassava traditional food, (4) increasing the empowerment and participation."

"Isu terkait ketahanan pangan masih menjadi isu yang strategis di Kabupaten Belu mengingat kabupaten ini masih memiliki kerentanan terhadap kerawanan pangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganilisis faktor internal dan eksternal yang memengaruhi ketahanan pangan di Kabupaten Belu, lalu merumuskan alternatif strategi yang dapat digunakan dalam rangka meningkatkan ketahanan pangan di Kabupaten Belu dengan menggunakan metode SWOT. Alternatif strategi tersebut adalah: (1) peningkatan kerjasama antara pemerintah dan LSM; (2) pengembangan infrastruktur dan sarana prasarana pertanian; (3) penguatan sistem cadangan pangan; (4) optimalisasi pemanfaatan pangan lokal; (5) peningkatan koordinasi lintas sektor yang terkait ketahanan pangan; dan (6) revitalisasi peran penyuluh pertanian.

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Food Security still become a strategic issue at Belu District since this area still have vulnerability to food insecurity. This thesis have purposes to analyze internal and external factors that affect food security at Belu District, and also to formulate alternative strategies could be used for developing food security level with SWOT methods. The alternative strategies are: (1) increasing cooperation between government and NGOs; (2) developing infrastructures and agriculture facilities; (3) strengthening food reserves system; (4) optimizing local food utilizations; (5) increasing coordination within government sectors that related to food security; dan (6) Revitalizing the role of agricultural instructors."

"Tesis ini menganalisis tentang implementasi kebijakan ketahanan pangan di Kabupaten Ende Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur melalui Program Percepatan Penganekaragaman Konsumsi Pangan (P2KP) Berbasis Sumber Daya Lokal dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kebijakan tersebut dengan menggunakan teori model implementasi kebijakan Van Meter dan Van Horn (1974). Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan post positivis dengan metode pengumpulan data kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi dan studi lapangan serta studi kepustakaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemahaman anggota kelompok terhadap teknik pembudidayaan tanaman maupun ternak, dan penataan administrasi kelompok masih menjadi kendala. Selain itu belum adanya Peraturan Daerah yang mendukung kebijakan ketahanan pangan. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi adalah karakteristik badan pelaksana dan sikap pelaksana yaitu Badan Ketahanan Pangan dan Penyuluhan Pertanian (BKP3) Kabupaten Ende yang sangat menentukan berjalannya program ini. Ukuran dan tujuan kebijakan, sumber-sumber kebijakan yang terbatas sementara tugas pemberdayaan kelompok wanita menjadi tugas pemerintah daerah. Komunikasi antar organisasi belum intensif, dan adanya dampak sosial dan ekonomi. Agar implementasi berjalan baik, perlu ada peraturan daerah yang mendukung, sosialisasi dan pendampingan oleh penyuluh pendamping terus harus dilakukan demi peningkatan pemahaman dan keberlanjutan kegiatan kelompok.

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This thesis analyzes the implementation of the food security policy in Ende Regency, Province of East Nusa Tenggara through Program of Acceleration of Food Consumption Diversification based on Local Resources and the factors that influence the policy by using a theoretical of policy implementation model Van Meter and Van Horn (1974). This study uses a post-positivist approach with qualitative data collection methods. The technique of the collecting data through indepth interviews, observation and field study and literature study. The results shows that the understanding of the group members about techniques of cultivation livestock and plants, and the arrangement of group administration still an obstacle. In addition to the absence of local regulations that supports food security policies. There are several factors that influence the implementation are characteristic and the attitude of the executing agency namely the Agency of Food Security and Agricultural Extension of Ende Regency which is responsible of this program, the size and purpose of the policy, policy resources are limited while the task of group empowerment of women?s group is the duty of the local government, communication among the organization has not been intensive, and the program has been given the impact in social and economic sectors. In order to make the program implementation goes well, it needs local regulation to support the food security policy, and then socialization and mentoring by an agricultural extension continues to be done in order to improve the understanding and sustainability of group activities."