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"For years, Elisabeth Hasselbeck couldn't figure out what was making her sick. She asked doctors and consulted nutritionists, but no one seemed to have any answers. It wasn't until spending time in the Australian Outback, living off the land on the grueling Survivor TV show, that, ironically, her symptoms vanished. Returning home, she pinpointed the food that made her sick -- gluten, the binding element in wheat. By simply eliminating it from her diet, she was able to enjoy a completely normal, healthy life. But that wasn't all. Hasselbeck discovered the myriad benefits that anyone can enjoy from a gluten-free diet: from weight loss and increased energy to even the alleviation of the conditions of autism.In this all-inclusive book, Hasselbeck shares her hard-earned wisdom on living life without gluten and loving it. She gives you everything you need to know to start living a gluten-free life, from defining gluten - where to find it, how to read food labels - to targeting gluten-free products, creating G-Free shopping lists, sharing recipes, and managing G-Free living with family and friends."

"Latar belakang: Walaupun etiologi autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) belum diketahui dengan jelas, berbagai jenis terapi telah ditawarkan. Salah satu terapi yang paling popular adalah diet bebas glutein dan casein (Gluten Free and Casein Free - GFCF).Metode: Dilakukan pencarian literatur secara terstruktur melalui internet pada Pubmed dan Cochrane library. Judul dan abstrak sitasi yang ditemukan kemudian ditapis berdasarkan kriteria seleksi yang telah ditentukan sebelumnya. Critical appraisal dilaksanakan berdasarkan kriteria standar mengenai relevansi, validitas, dan levels of evidence.Hasil: Berdasarkan relevansinya, hanya empat dari dua belas artikel yang bisa digunakan. Satu berupa systematic review dan tiga randomized controlled trial (RCT). Ditemukan beberapa masalah pada metodologi yang bisa menimbulkan risiko over-estimasi pada efek seperti teknik randomisasi yang kurang baik dan drop-out selektif. Jumlah subjek yang kecil dan waktu intervensi yang pendek juga bisa menimbulkan risiko under-estimasi. Perbaikan minimal maupun sedang ditemukan pada beberapa luaran yang diukur seperti gejala autistik secara keseluruhan, isolasi sosial, serta kemampuan dalam berkomunikasi dan berinteraksi. Perbedaan yang tidak bermakna juga ditemukan pada beberapa luaran seperti perilaku individu serta fungsi kognitif dan motorik.Kesimpulan: Penelitian yang ada saat ini belum dapat memberikan bukti yang cukup kuat dan terpercaya untuk menyarankan penggunaan diet GFCFs sebagai terapi pada pasien autisme. (Med J Indones 2011; 20:114-8).

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AbstractBackground: Even though the etiology of autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) has not been clearly known, various types of therapies have been offered. One of the most popular therapies is Gluten Free and Casein Free Diet â?? GFCF diet.Methods: A structured internet literature search was conducted using Pubmed and Cochrane library. Titles and abstracts were screened using predetermined selection criteria. Critical appraisal was conducted based on standard criteria for relevance, validity, and levels of evidence.Results: Based on relevance, only four out of twelve selected articles can be used; one is a systematic review and three randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Several methodological problems which could lead to over-estimation of the effect were found in the studies including poor randomization and selective drop-out. Risk of under-estimation of report due to small number of participants and in-adequate duration of intervention was also found. Small to moderate improvement were found in some outcome measured including overall autistic traits, social isolation, and the ability in communication and interaction. However, insignifi cant differences also found in some area such as individualâ??s behavior, cognitive and motor function.Conclusion: Available studies fail to provide suffi ciently credible and strong evidence to recommend the practice of GFCF diet in treating autism. (Med J Indones 2011; 20:114-8)"

"Beras merupakan sumber pati yang mudah didapatkan, tidak mengandung gluten (gluten-free), dan dapat diolah menjadi tepung yang dapat digunakan sebagai bahan dasar pembuatan mie. Pati dalam bentuk alaminya memiliki beberapa kelemahan antara lain, tidak tahan terhadap pemanasan, kelarutan dan daya cerna pati yang tinggi. Perlu dilakukan modifikasi pati untuk menghasilkan pati dengan daya cerna yang lebih rendah dan dengan sifat fungsional yang lebih baik. Pada penelitian ini berhasil dilakukan modifikasi pati melalui metode ikat silang menggunakan agen pengikat silang natrium trimetafosfat (STMP) terhadap tepung beras sebagai bahan dasar pembuatan mie bebas gluten, dan diamati pengaruh modifikasi tersebut terhadap swelling power, kelarutan, dan daya cerna pati serta daya cerna mie beras. Karakterisasi dengan FTIR pada pati hasil modifikasi menunjukkan terbentuknya ikatan silang pati dengan STMP dengan munculnya puncak serapan pada bilangan gelombang 1297 cm-1 dan 1019 cm-1 yang merupakan serapan dari ikatan P=O dan P-O-C. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan terjadinya penurunan terhadap swelling power, kelarutan, dan daya cerna pati. Pati beras modifikasi mengalami penurunan daya cerna relatif hingga 20,67%. Pembuatan mie berbahan pati beras modifikasi berhasil dilakukan. Diperoleh mie beras berbahan pati modifikasi memiliki daya cerna yang menurun dibandingkan dengan mie beras kontrol yang terbuat dari pati beras tanpa modifikasi.

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Rice is a source of starch that is easily available, does not contain gluten (gluten-free), and can be processed into flour, which can be used as a basic ingredient for making noodles. Starch in its natural form has several weaknesses, including heat resistance, high solubility and digestibility. It is necessary to modify starch to produce starch with lower digestibility and better functional properties. In this study, starch modification was successfully carried out through the crosslinking method using sodium trimetaphosphate (STMP) as a crosslinking agent on rice flour as a basic ingredient for making gluten-free noodles, and the effect of this modification was observed on swelling power, solubility, and starch digestibility as well as rice noodles digestibility. Characterization with FTIR on modified starch showed the formation of starch cross links with STMP with the appearance of absorption peaks at wave numbers 1297 cm-1 and 1019 cm-1 which were absorptions from P=O and P-O-C bonds. The test results showed a decrease in the swelling power, solubility, and digestibility of starch. Modified rice starch decreased relative digestibility up to 20.67%. The manufacture of noodles made from modified rice starch was successfully carried out. It was found that rice noodles made from modified starch had decreased digestibility compared to control rice noodles made from unmodified rice starch."

"Pati jagung menjadi salah satu alternatif pengganti tepung terigu untuk para penderita seliak, hal ini karena secara alami tidak mengandung gluten di dalamnya, sehingga aman untuk dikonsumsi. Namun, jika pengonsumsian pati jagung secara terus menerus dan dalam jangka waktu yang panjang, maka akan berakibat fatal untuk kesehatan. Hal ini karena melimpahnya kandungan pati yang mudah dicerna. Sehingga, perlu dilakukan modifikasi untuk menghasilkan pati resisten yang sulit dicerna. Modifikasi pati dilakukan melalui heat moisture treatment (HMT) dengan variasi kadar air. Keberhasilan modifikasi ditinjau dari karakteristik fisika dan kimia dimana berhasil menurunkan nilai swelling power, daya cerna, dan viskositas. Selain itu, pada pati modifikasi melalui HMT terlihat bulatan pada pati menggunakan mikroskop cahaya yang menandakan hilangnya birefringence dalam pati. Pati modifikasi ini kemudian disubtitusikan ke dalam campuran roti bebas gluten yang ditambahkan beberapa jenis hidrokoloid, seperti xanthan gum, guar gum, dan k-carrageenan dalam variasi rasio 0,5%, 1%, dan 2%. Dihasilkan produk roti bebas gluten yang rendah kalori dengan hasil yang disukai konsumen adalah roti CS-GG 2%. Sedangkan, roti yang memiliki nilai daya cerna terendah adalah roti CS-KG 2%.

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Corn starch is an alternative to wheat flour for celiac sufferers because it naturally does not contain gluten, so it is safe for consumption. However, consuming corn starch continuously and for a long time will be fatal to your health. This is due to the abundance of easily digestible starch. So it needs to be modified to produce resistant starch that is difficult to digest. The starch modification was carried out through heat moisture treatment (HMT) with variations in moisture content. The basic principle of modification in terms of physical and chemical characteristics succeeded in reducing the values of swelling power, digestibility, and viscosity. In addition, the modification of starch through HMT showed spheres in the starch using a light microscope, indicating a loss of birefringence. This modified starch was then substituted into the gluten-free bread mixture, which was added to several types of hydrocolloids, such as xanthan gum, guar gum, and k-carrageenan, in various ratios of 0.5%, 1%, and 2%. Gluten-free bread products that are low in calories with good results are 2% CS-GG bread. Meanwhile, the bread that had the lowest digestibility value was 2% CS-KG bread."

"Penyakit seliak diperkirakan diderita oleh sekitar 0,5-1% dari populasi di banyak bagian dunia yang mengharuskan penderita ini untuk menghindari semua sumber gluten dalam produk pangan. Tepung beras menjadi salah satu tepung gluten-free yang paling umum digunakan di berbagai produk makanan. Namun, struktur pati alaminya memiliki aplikasi yang terbatas untuk diolah sebagai makanan sehingga memerlukan modifikasi untuk diubah menjadi pati resisten. Pada penelitian ini, modifikasi pati tepung beras dilakukan secara kimia melalui metode ikat silang fosfat menggunakan campuran STMP: STPP (99: 1) dengan variasi konsentrasi. Keberhasilan modifikasi ditandai adanya penambahan puncak pada bilangan gelombang 1294 cm-1 menunjukkan ikatan P=O dan 1015 cm-1 menunjukkan ikatan P-O-C saat dikarakterisasi menggunakan FTIR. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbaikan sifat fungsional seperti penurunan kelarutan, swelling power, dan daya cerna pati tepung beras hasil modifikasi. Hasil modifikasi terbaik yaitu hasil penambahan STMP: STPP (99: 1) 10% dan 6% digunakan sebagai campuran bahan pembuatan gluten-free rice cookies yang menghasilkan penurunan daya cerna dan karakteristik yang lebih baik berdasarkan uji organoleptik. Maka, penelitian ini dapat digunakan sebagai dasar untuk mengembangkan produk makanan gluten-free menggunakan tepung beras termodifikasi yang memiliki sifat fungsional lebih baik.

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Celiac disease is estimated to affect around 0.5 - 1% of the population in many parts of the world which requires these sufferers to avoid all sources of gluten in food products. Rice flour is one of the most used gluten-free flour in various food products. However, the structure of natural starch has limited application for processing as food, so it requires modification to convert it into resistant starch. In this study, starch modification of rice flour was carried out chemically through the phosphate crosslinking method using a mixture of STMP: STPP (99: 1) with various concentrations. The success of the modification was marked by the addition of a peak at a wavenumber of 1294 cm-1 indicating a P=O bond and 1015 cm-1 indicating a P-O-C bond when characterized using FTIR. The test results showed that there were improvements in functional properties such as decreased solubility, swelling power, and digestibility of modified starches rice flour. The best modified result was the addition of STMP: STPP (99: 1) 10% and 6% which was used as a mixture of ingredients for making gluten-free rice cookies which resulted in reduced digestibility and better characteristics based on organoleptic tests. Thus, this research can be used as a basis for developing gluten-free food products using modified rice flour which has better functional properties."