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"This book focuses on efficacy, toxicity, drug interactions, and abnormal clinical laboratory tests resulting from the use of herbal remedies. Although a few herbal remedies are safe and have efficacy (for example saw palmetto), many herbal remedies are toxic. This book guides in the interpretation of abnormal test results in otherwise healthy subjects due to use of herbal remedies. Chapters focus on interactions between herbals and pharmaceuticals, sources of contamination in herbal supplements, and analytical techniques used in the investigation of herbal remedies.This book is divided into five parts. The first part provides a general introduction to CAMs as well as an introduction to herbals considered safe versus those with a darker reputation. The second part provides more detailed information in an organ or disease based focus and delves into some of the traditional practices of which most allopathic professionals have limited knowledge. Part III is dedicated to the key interactions between herbal supplements and various pharmaceutical drugs. Part IV addresses these important points. Part V discusses various analytical techniques used in the investigation of herbal remedies."

"Kualitas diet pada wanita dewasa masih menjadi masalah. Memiliki perhatian khusus terhadap kesehatan (health concern) dapat berkaitan dengan pola makan. Wanita, khususnya ibu yang memiliki anak usia balita dan pra-sekolah umumnya makan di rumah. Sehingga lingkungan pangan rumah juga berkontribusi terhadap perilaku makan. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara health concern dan kualitas diet, serta mengetahui apakah lingkungan pangan rumah memediasi untuk hubungan ini. Studi potong lintang ini berlokasi di Jakarta Utara, dengan sampel sebanyak 229 subjek dengan metode penarikan sampel consecutive. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Health concern diukur dengan General Health Interest Scale (GHIS). Lingkungan pangan rumah diukur dengan Consumer Behavior Questionnaire (CBQ). Data kualitas diet dinilai dari 2x24-hour dietary recall dan skor Diet Quality Index-International (DQI-I). Sebagian besar subjek memiliki kualitas diet yang rendah (nilai mean skor DQI-I: 41.44). Tidak terdapat korelasi bermakna antara health concern dan kualitas diet (r=0.092, P-value=0.166). Setelah di-adjust dengan usia, lingkungan pangan rumah khususnya ketersediaan sayur tidak memediasi hubungan antara health concern dan kualitas diet (IE=0.012, P-value=0.096). Hasil regresi linier berganda juga menunjukkan usia sebagai prediktor kualitas diet (β=0.196, P-value=0.024). Diperlukan upaya kolaboratif untuk memperbaiki kualitas diet pada ibu, dengan meningkatkan health concern serta pemahaman tentang pemilihan jenis makanan berdasarkan kualitas gizi saat membeli makanan. Rekomendasi untuk studi lanjutan dapat meneliti perbedaan health concern menurut usia, serta kaitannya dengan perilaku makan dan kualitas diet.

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Diet quality among women remains a major issue. Having health concern may be related to diet. Mothers with young children usually had their meals at home, thus home food environment could play a role in shaping dietary behavior. This study aims to examine the association between health concern and diet quality, and whether home food environment mediates this relationship. This cross-sectional study was conducted in urban slum area in North Jakarta, involving 229 mothers of young children through consecutive sampling. Data was collected using structured questionnaire, including General Health Interest Scale (GHIS) for health concern, Consumer Behavior Questionnaire (CBQ) for home food environment, and 2x24-hour dietary recall to determine the score of Diet Quality Index-International (DQI-I). Statistical analysis included correlation, multiple linear regression, and path analysis. Majority of the mothers had poor diet quality, with mean DQI-I total score of 41.44 out of 100.

There was no significant correlation between health concern and diet quality (r=0.092, P-value=0.166). After adjusted with age, home food environment did not mediate the relationship between health concern and diet quality. Multiple linear regression also showed age as a significant predictor of diet quality (β=0.196, P-value=0.024). Promoting health concern and healthier food choice when eating out or purchasing take-out food would be beneficial to improve diet quality among mothers of young children. Future study is also recommended to explore how age group differs in viewing health as importance, which could lead to dietary practices."

"Buku yang berjudul "The home herbal: a handbook of simple remedies" ini ditulis oleh Barbara Griggs. Buku ini membahas tentang pengobatan herbal yang praktis, dan baik untuk kesehatan."

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LATAR BELAKANG: Praktik diet yang kurang memadai berdampak negatif terhadap asupan zat gizi dan kejadian penyakit kronis yang berhubungan dengan gizi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan Panduan Gizi Seimbang Berbasis Pangan Lokal (PGS-PL) berdasarkan pola makan masyarakat Minangkabau, dalam rangka perbaikan asupan gizi pada wanita usia subur (WUS) penderita dislipidemia. Selanjutnya pada tahap intervensi, dilihat efek promosi PGS-PL terhadap perubahan praktik diet, asupan zat gizi, status gizi dan profil lipid pada WUS Minangkabau dengan dislipidemia.

METODE: Studi tahap pertama menggunakan disain potong lintang, melibatkan 74 WUS suku Minangkabau dengan dislipidemia. Berdasarkan pola makan setempat, identifikasi problem nutrient dan penyusunan PGS-PL dilakukan dengan pendekatan Linear programming, menggunakan tiga dari empat modul pada software Optifood yang dikembangkan oleh WHO. Pada tahap ke dua dilakukan studi intervensi komunitas menggunakan disain pengukuran sebelum dan sesudah dengan kelompok kontrol. Subjek penelitian ditempatkan secara acak yang dikluster ke dalam kelompok PGS-PL (mendapatkan promosi PGS-PL selama 12-minggu) atau kelompok non-PGS-PL (mendapatkan satu kali konsultasi gizi dari pelayanan kesehatan tingkat dasar). Sebanyak 102 WUS (48 pada kelompok PGS-PL dan 54 pada kelompok non-PGSPL) selama 12 minggu. Pada akhir studi, analisis perbedaan antar- dan inter kelompok perlakuan dilakukan untuk melihat perubahan praktik diet, asupan zat gizi, status gizi dan profil lipid darah (kadar kolesterol total, Lipoprotein densitas rendah, Lipoprotein densitas tinggi, dan Trigliserid).

HASIL: Berdasarkan pola makan setempat, ditemukan bahwa asam lemak tidak jenuh (polyunsaturated fatty acid/PUFA, n-3, n-6), serat makanan, zat besi, dan seng merupakan problem nutrient pada WUS suku Minangkabau dengan dislipidemia. PGS-PL yang disusun menekankan penggabungan bahan makanan, kelompok atau sub-kelompok bahan makanan bernilai gizi tinggi yang tersedia secara lokal, untuk meningkatkan asupan problem nutrient tersebut. Promosi PGS-PL dapat meningkatkan skor praktik diet secara bermakna. Peningkatan terutama terjadi pada konsumsi makanan dan sub-kelompok makanan yang dipromosikan (ikan laut, unggas, produk kedelai seperti tahu dan tempe, total sayuran, sayuran hijau, buah-buahan, dan kentang). Tidak ada perubahan bermakna pada konsumsi makanan pokok, makanan selingan, telur, dan makanan yang digoreng pada akhir intervensi. Pengaruh promosi PGS-PL pada asupan zat gizi dapat dilihat pada perubahan yang bermakna pada asupan energi dan karbohidrat, persentase energi dari PUFA dan monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA), serta rasio PUFA terhadap asam lemak jenuh (saturated fatty acids/SAFA) dalam makanan sehari-hari. Namun, asupan lemak jenuh tidak berubah signifikan. Terdapat perbaikan yang bermakna pada berat badan, indeks massa tubuh, dan lingkar pinggang, namun tidak bermakna terhadap penurunan prevalensi obesitas. Tidak terdapat perubahan profil lipid darah yang bermakna setelah intervensi.

KESIMPULAN: Pendekatan linier programming dapat digunakan dalam menyusun PGS-PL untuk meningkatkan praktik diet dan asupan problem nutrient pada WUS dengan dislipidemia. Promosi PGS-PL secara bermakna berdampak terhadap peningkatan praktik diet, asupan zat gizi, dan status gizi, tetapi belum berpengaruh secara statistik terhadap perbaikan profil lipid WUS dengan dislipidemia.

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BACKGROUND: Given the impact of unfavorable dietary practices is on inadequate nutrient intake and nutrition-related chronic diseases, we sought the problem nutrient in the community habitual dietary practices, and developed an optimized food-based recommendation (FBR) for Minangkabau women of reproductive age (WoRA) with dyslipidemia. Although the effect of the FBR promotion seemed to be potential at planning phase, but this has not been tested in the community setting. Therefore, we conducted a community trial and explored the effect of FBR promotion using locally available foods on dietary practice, nutrient intakes, nutritional status and lipid profile among Minangkabau WoRA with dyslipidemia.

METHODS: The first stage of the study was a cross-sectional study, which involved 74 Minangkabau WoRA with dyslipidemia. Linear programming analysis using three modules of the WHO Optifood software was employed to identify problem nutrients and develop an optimized FBR. The second phase of the study was a community-based trials using pre-post with control group design. The subjects were cluster randomized into either FBR group (receiving 12-weeks of FBR promotion) or non-FBR group (receiving once standard nutritional counseling from primary health care program). At the end, 102 WoRA (48 and 54 WoRA in the FBR group and the non-FBR group, respectively) completed 12-weeks of intervention. We analyzed within- and between group differences on changes of dietary practices, nutrient intakes, nutritional status and lipid profile (serum Total Cholesterol, Low-Density Lipoprotein, High-Density Lipoprotein and Triglyceride levels) at the completion of the study.

RESULTS: Our results identified PUFA, dietary fiber, iron, and zinc as problem nutrients among Minangkabau WoRA with dyslipidemia. The final food-based recommendations emphasized the incorporation of locally available nutrient-dense foods, food groups, and sub-groups that would improve the intake of the identified problem nutrients. The FBRs promotion significantly increased the overall dietary compliance. An increase was predominantly occurred on the consumption of promoted and subgroups food items (sea fish, poultry, soybean products, total vegetables, dark green leafy vegetables, fruits, and potato). There were no significant changes in the consumption of staple food, snacks, eggs, and fatty foods at the end of intervention.  Effect of FBR promotion on nutrient intake was observed through the significant changes in energy and carbohydrate intakes, percentage of energy from PUFA and MUFA, as well as PUFA to SAFA ratio in daily diet. However, intake of saturated fat remained unchanged. Marginal but significant improvements were observed in body weight, BMI, and waist circumference, but the prevalence of obesity was relatively not affected. There were no significant changes of blood lipid profile at the end of intervention.

CONCLUSIONS: Linear programming approach could be potentially used to develop an optimized food-based recommendation based on the identified problem nutrients and locally available nutrient dense foods. The FBRs promotion produced significant improvement in dietary practice, nutrient intakes, and nutritional status, but did not statistically affect blood lipid profile of Minangkabau WoRA with dyslipidemia. 

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"Kegemukan/obesitas telah diakui sebagai salah satu masalah kesehatan yang serius. Pencegahan obesitas dan kelebihan berat badan semakin menjadi perhatian. Baru-baru ini, asupan herbal untuk pelangsing dan suplemen makanan secara signifikan diminati oleh orang-orang yang mencoba berjuang dengan obesitas. Pada kenyataannya, suplemen makanan herbal untuk pelangsing mempengaruhi tubuh manusia lebih lambat dibandingkan dengan obat pelangsing sintetis. Sehingga, Bahan Kimia Obat (BKO) sering kali ditambahkan ke dalam sediaan obat tradisional. Meskipun dilarang, namun pada kenyataanya, di pasaran masih juga beredar Produk Herbal untuk Pelangsing yang mengandung bahan kimia obat (BKO). Fokus utama dari Review Artikel ini adalah untuk menyoroti pendekatan skrining baru yang digunakan dalam pendeteksian BKO pada produk herbal untuk pelangsing yang ada di pasaran. Metode spektroskopi ATR-FTIR (Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier Transform Infrared) merupakan alat skrining yang layak dan menarik untuk menganalisis produk herbal untuk pelangsing yang dicurigai dipalsukan. Interpretasi/pengolahan data yang digunakan adalah kemometrik. Penggunaan ATR-FTIR telah terbukti dapat menganalisis sampel dengan cepat, sederhana, dan tidak memerlukan persiapan sampel yang sulit. Selain itu, teknik ini cukup akurat, tidak mememerlukan pelarut berbahaya dan reagen serta ramah lingkungan. ATR-FTIR umumnya digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi, karakterisasi, penjelasan struktur, dan pemantauan reaksi dalam kimia analitik. Spektroskopi ATR- FTIR dikombinasikan dengan metode kemometrik model HCA (Hierarchical Cluster Analysis) dan PCA (Principal Component Analysis) ditemukan cukup akurat untuk pendeteksian BKO Sibutramin HCl dan pemalsuan lainnya didalam produk herbal untukpelangsing.

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Overweight/Obesity has been recognized as a serious health problem. Prevention of obesity and overweight is increasingly becoming a concern. Recently, the intake of herbs for slimming and dietary supplements is significantly in demand by people trying to struggle with obesity. In fact, herbal slimming supplements affect the human body more slowly than synthetic slimming drugs. Thus, chemical drugs are often added to traditional medicinal preparations. Although it is prohibited, in fact, in the market there are also Herbal Slimming Products that contain chemical drugs. The main focus of this review article is to highlight new screening approaches used in the detection of chemical drugs in herbal slimming products on the market. The ATR-FTIR (Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier TransformInfrared) spectroscopic method is a feasible and attractive screening tool to analyse herbal slimming products suspected of being counterfeited. The interpretation/processing of the data used is chemometric. The use of ATR-FTIR has proven to be able to analyse samples quickly, simply, and does not require difficult sample preparation. In addition, this technique is quite accurate, does not require harmful solvents and reagents and is environmentally friendly. ATR-FTIR is commonly used for identification, characterization, structure explanation, and reaction monitoring in analytical chemistry. ATR-FTIR spectroscopy combined with the chemometric method of HCA (Hierarchical Cluster Analysis) and PCA (Principal Component Analysis) models was found to be quite accurate for the detection of Sibutramine HCl and other adulterations in herbal slimming products."

"Penggunaan terapi alternatif komplementer cenderung meningkat setiap tahunnya dan sudah menjadi pilihan dalam mengatasi masalah kesehatan Penelitian ini berfokus pada pengalaman pasien hipertensi dalam menjalani terapi alternatif komplementer herbal. Penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi deskriptif pada duabelas partisipan ini menggunakan metodepurposive samplingdalam penentuan partisipan. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara dan dianalisis menggunakanmetodeCollaizi. Tema yang ditemukan sebagai hasil penelitian yaitu: keputusan menjalani terapi alternatif komplementer herbal terpicu kekhawatiran efek samping terapi medis, peningkatan kenyamanan fisik yang dirasakan setelah mengkonsumsi terapi herbal, aksesibilitas sarana untuk lebih mendapatkan kemudahan dalam terapi herbal, dan pembuatan sediaan herbal yang tidak praktis menyebabkan inkonsistensi dalam menjalani terapi herbal.

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The use of complementary and alternative medicines tend to increase and has became a choice in addressing health problems. This study focuses hypertension patients experience towards the use ofherbscomplementary and alternative medicine. This qualitative study applied a descriptive phenomenology approach twelve participants who gathered with purposive sampling. An indepth interview was used to collected data and analyzed with Collaizi Method. Themes revealed were: the decisions to use herbs complementary and alternative medicinetriggered by worries about an effects of medical therapy, an increase of perceived physical comfort after consumed herb therapies, accessibility of means to got herb ingredients easily in herb therapies, and impracticability in preparing herbs that caused inconsistencies in herb therapies."