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"School entry regulations in Indonesia have a specific cutoff date for enrolment and it requires children to start school at the age of seven. In practice, there were schools that allowed children to start elementary school before reaching seven years old. This might create age differences between children in the same grade at school. Some literature has been shown that older students outperform younger students in the school outcomes. For instance, higher education attainment, reduce grade repetition, and excellent academic performances. However, limited evidence exists about the school starting age and academic performances in Indonesia. In order to determine whether the school starting age rule in Indonesia affects children’s academic performance, this study utilizes the Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS wave) 5 and regression discontinuity design. This study found that older entrance might get lower score compared to the children who start school at early age. Based on the results, entering school earlier might increase the average of total score by 2.687 grade points higher than older entrance.

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Pada praktiknya, di Indonesia anak di bawah tujuh tahun dapat diperbolehkan masuk Pendidikan sekolah dasar, walaupun secara aturan yang berlaku batas minimal usia masuk sekolah dasar adalah tujuh tahun. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis apakah perbedaan usia masuk siswa di sekolah dasar memiliki pengaruh terhadap prestasi akademik, dengan indicator nilai Ujian Akhir Nasional. Penelitian ini menggunakan data Indonesian Family Life Survey-5 dengan metode Regression Discontinuity Design. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, masuk sekolah dasar lebih awal dapat meningkatkan rata-rata nilai Ujian Akhir Nasional sebesar 2.687 poin lebih tinggi dari pada siswa yang masuk sekolah dengan usia lebih tua."

"School entry regulations in Indonesia have a specific cutoff date for enrolment and it requires children to start school at the age of seven. In practice, there were schools that allowed children to start elementary school before reaching seven years old. This might create age differences between children in the same grade at school. Some literature has been shown that older students outperform younger students in the school outcomes. For instance, higher education attainment, reduce grade repetition, and excellent academic performances. However, limited evidence exists about the school starting age and academic performances in Indonesia. In order to determine whether the school starting age rule in Indonesia affects children’s academic performance, this study utilizes the Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS wave) 5 and regression discontinuity design. This study found that older entrance might get lower score compared to the children who start school at early age. Based on the results, entering school earlier might increase the average of total score by 2.687 grade points higher than older entrance."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan 1) kemampuan berpikir aljabar siswa Sekolah Dasar kelas V, 2) kemampuan berpikir aljabar siswa Sekolah Menengah Pertama kelas VII, dan 3) perkembangan kemampuan berpikir aljabar siswa dari sekolah dasar hingga sekolah menengah. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian cross-sectional dengan pendekatan deskriptif kuantitatif. Subjek penelitian ini 77 siswa SD kelas V dan 95 siswa SMP kelas VII. Penentuan subjek penelitian dilakukan dengan teknik stratified purposive sampling dengan teknik analisis deskriptif. Instrumen yang digunakan berupa tes kemampuan berpikir aljabar yang memuat 3 komponen kegiatan yaitu kegiatan generasional, transformasional, dan global meta-level. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) kemampuan berpikir aljabar siswa SD kelas V berada dalam kriteria sedang; 2) kemampuan berpikir aljabar siswa SMP kelas VII berada dalam kriteria sedang; 3) rata-rata kemampuan siswa SMP kelas VII lebih tinggi dibanding rata-rata siswa SD kelas V karena siswa SD kelas V sampai dengan SMP kelas VII mengalami suatu transisi proses berpikir dari berpikir aritmatika menuju berpikir aljabar secara bertahap, mulai dari kasus sederhana sampai dengan kasus yang lebih kompleks. Kesimpulan, siswa kelas V dan kelas VII rata-rata memiliki kemampuan berpikir aljabar sedang. Namun, kemampuan siswa kelas VII lebih tinggi daripada siswa kelas V karena siswa Kelas VII telah memperoleh materi aljabar secara formal."

"Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui faktor penyebab siswa lulusan Sekolah Dasar tidak melanjutkan sekolah ke jenjang Sekolah Menengah Pertama. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode wawancara mendalam, studi kepustakaan dan pengumpulan data sekunder. Narasumber terdiri dari 14 orang informan yang terdiri dari orang tua anak yang tidak sekolah, anak yang tidak sekolah, dinas pendidikan kota Tangerang Selatan, dan kepala sekolah.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor ekonomi merupakan penyebab utama siswa lulusan Sekolah Dasar tidak melanjutkan sekolah karena rata-rata penghasilan orang tua mereka masih cukup rendah sehingga tidak mencukupi biaya kebutuhan sehari-hari. Sedangkan faktor budaya dan faktor sosial bukan menjadi penyebab siswa lulusan SD tidak melanjutkan sekolah. Wawasan orang tua terhadap pendidikan cukup baik. Mereka sebenarnya menyadari pentingnya arti pendidikan bagi masa depan anak-anak mereka.

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This research is conducted to find out causal factors that make children in elementary school not continue their education to junior high school level. This research uses qualitative methods by conducting in-depth interview, library study and secondary data collection. There are 14 resources that consist of parents whose children can`t go to junior high schools, children who can`t continue their education, education office and headmasters.The result shows that economic hardship is the main cause for parents not to send their children to junior high school, meanwhile social and cultural factors are not the main cause. Their parents actually realize that education is important for their children`s future."

"The study aimed to describe 1) students’ algebraic thinking ability of elementary school grade V, 2) students’ algebraic thinking ability of junior high school grade VII, and 3)the development of students’ algebraic thinking ability from elementary school kelas V to junior high school grade VII. This study was a cross-sectional design with quantitive descriptive approach. The subjects of this study were 77 students of elementary school grade V and 95 students of junior high school grade VII. The sampling technique method used was stratified purposive sampling techniques and of analysis techniques with a descriptive analysis. The instrument used were algebraic thinking problems that consist of3 components, namely, generational, transformational, and global meta-level activity. The results showed that 1) the students’ algebraic thinking ability of elementary school gradeV was in the medium criteria; 2) the students’ algebraic thinking ability of junior high school grade VII was in medium criteria; 3) the average of gain score of students in junior high school grade VII was higher than students in elementary school grade V and students in elementary school grade V because lementary school students grade V until junior high school grade VII undergo a transition of thinking processes from arithmetic thinking to algebra thinking gradually, from simple cases to more complex cases. Generally, students of grade V and VII have moderate algebraic thinking skills. However, the ability of students of grade VII is higher than students of grade V because they have formally obtained algebra material"

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji tingkat ketercapaian standar prasarana pendidikan sekolah dasar di Kota Banjarmasin. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat ketercapaian prasarana pendidikan sekolah dasar mencapai 60,94%. Tingkat ketercapaian yang tegolong rendah ini antara lain disebabkan oleh masih minimnya prasarana yang dimiliki sekolah. Di samping itu, kondisi kualitas prasarana banyak mengalami kerusakan berat sehingga tidak layak untuk digunakan. Jenisjenis prasarana pendidikan yang ketercapaiannya di atas rata-rata meliputi ruang kelas, ruang pimpinan, ruang guru, dan tempat bermain. Sebaliknya, prasarana pendidikan yang ketercapaiannya di bawah rata-rata meliputi ruang UKS, ruang perpustakaan, dan jamban(toilet). Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa ketercapaian prasarana pendidikan di kota Banjarmasin belum memenuhi persyaratan standar nasional pendidikan."

"Calpico is a drink made of fermented sour milk cultured with lactic acid bacteria (Lactobacillus helveticus). Calpico drink contains 1010 cells of lactic acid bacteria for one cup serve, although it is not alive. The purpose of this study is to investigate a possible effect of Calpico ingestion on prevention or recovery from diarrhea. The pupils of the 4th grade of two elementary schools were subjected. Pupils were requested to answer the questionnaire about social and health conditions of their own. After measuring body weight, pupils for Calpico group were given 200 ml of one-fifth diluted Calpico every morning at 9 AM. Pupils of control group were given nothing. More over half of pupils who drunk Calpico for one month increased one to two kg of their body weight after test period. The frequency of diarrhea of Calpico group was markedly decreased. It was shown in Jakarta that Calpico ingestion had a dramatically effect on recovery from diarrhea and improvement of health condition noted by the increase of body weight of the pupils."

"ABSTRAKPeranan guru sangat diperlukan dalam pemenuhan kebutuhan keamanan anak. Hal ini dikarenakan anak usia sekolah rentan terhadap bahaya dan semakin berkurangnya pengawasan orang tua. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran persepsi guru tentang keamanan anak di sekolah. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian cross sectional. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan cluster sampling dengan 144 responden guru Sekolah Dasar yang mengajar di Kelurahan Manggarai, Jakarta Selatan. Instrumen yang digunakan berupa kuesioner yang dikembangkan sendiri oleh peneliti. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 58,3% guru memiliki persepsi yang cukup baik terhadap keamanan anak di sekolah. Perawat sekolah diharapkan dapat bekerja sama dengan guru dalam mewujudkan program keamanan anak di sekolah.

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ABSTRACTTeacher?s role is essential for meeting safety needs in children. It is due to the vulnerability of school age children from harm and reduction of parental supervision. This study aimed to identify teacher perceptions of children safety at school. This study used cross sectional design. Sampling technique used cluster sampling with 144 elementary school teacher respondents who taught in Kelurahan Manggarai, Jakarta Selatan. Researcher developed instrument. The result showed that 58.3% teachers have a good enough perception of children safety at school. School nurses are expected to collaborate with teacher in realizing safety program in the school."

"Pengelolaan sistem sanitasi yang baik di lingkungan masyarakat termasuk sekolah merupakan salah satu wujud Hak Asasi Manusia (HAM). Karena itu, pelaksanaan pengelolaan sistem sanitasi sekolah di Indonesia diatur dalam beberapa kebijakan. Meskipun begitu, persentase sekolah yang memiliki akses sanitasi sesuai standar kebijakan masih rendah khususnya pada jenjang Pendidikan Sekolah Dasar (Dapodik, 2017). Skripsi ini menganalisis implementasi kebijakan pengelolaan sistem sanitasi sekolah di Kota Depok yang merupakan salah satu daerah dengan perkembangan siginifikan dalam pengelolaan sistem sanitasi sekolah. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan mengacu pada teori implementasi kebijakan oleh Edwards III (1980). Pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan adalah post-positivist dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui studi pustaka, observasi lansgung objek studi kasus dan wawancara mendalam yang dilakukan kepada berbagai stakeholder utama baik pemerintah pusat, pemerintah daerah serta pihak. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan isu-isu kompleks dalam implementasi kebijakan yang berpengaruh terhadap tidak terpenuhinya 9 dari 12 subdimensi, yaitu kejelasan, konsistensi, sumber daya manusia, fasilitas, sumber daya keuangan, sikap birokrat, insentif, SOP dan fragmentasi. Dengan begitu, pemerintah perlu untuk membuat aturan yang lebih jelas untuk pelaksanaan kebijakan serta memastikan kebijakan dilaksanakan dengan baik.

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Healthy sanitation management system in society, including school sanitation is one form of Human Rights. Therefore, Indonesia has several policies governing implementation of the school sanitation management system. Nevertheless, the percentage number of schools that have access to sanitation in accordance with policy standards is still low, particularly at the Elementary School Education Level (Dapodik, 2017). This research analyzes the implementation of a sanitation school management system in Depok City which is one of the areas with significant development in the school sanitation management system. This research was conducted by issuing the theory of policy implementation by Edwards III (1980). The research approach used is post-positivist with data collection techniques through literature study, direct observation, case studies, and in-depth interviews conducted with various stakeholders, including the central government, regional governments and the school. The results of this study indicate that complex issues found in implementation process that greatly affect the failure to fulfill 9 of the 12 indicators measured, namely clarity, consistency, human resources, facilities, financial resources, bureaucratic attitudes, incentives, Standard Opearating Procedures and fragmentation. With the fornamed problems, the government needs to make clearer regulation for implementing policies and make sure the implementation process run effectively."