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"Penelitian ini membahas tentang pelaksanaan program CSR Bank Maybank Indonesia yaitu program online Reach Independence & Sustainable Entrepreneurship (RISE) 2.0, yang berkaitan dengan pemberdayaan komunitas penyandang disabilitas melalui program kewirausahaan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan pelaksanaan dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pelaksanaan program RISE 2.0 sebagai upaya memberdayakan penyandang disabilitas. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan studi deskriptif melalui studi literatur dan wawancara yang dilakukan secara daring pada tahun 2021. Penelitian ini melibatkan 8 orang informan yang terdiri dari pihak CSR Maybank Indonesia, pihak People Systems Consultancy Indonesia, dan peserta program. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa dalam menyelenggarakan CSR melalui program RISE 2.0 telah terjadi pemberdayaan bagi komunitas penyandang disabilitas sebagai penerima manfaat. Hal ini dilakukan melalui upaya perubahan mindset, pelatihan kewirausahaan, dan pendampingan kewirausahaan bagi komunitas penyandang disabilitas. Namun, penerima manfaat belum dilibatkan pada proses assessment serta perencanaan program dan program masih terbatas bagi penyandang disabilitas fisik. Faktor pendukung program RISE 2.0 adalah adanya pendekatan personal kepada peserta, pelatih dan mentor yang berpengalaman, adanya komunikasi dua arah, adanya partisipasi aktif peserta, dilakukan secara online, dan adanya komunitas penyandang disabilitas di media sosial. Sedangkan, faktor penghambatnya adalah adanya kesibukan lain peserta, pembatasan sosial karena pandemi COVID-19, kendala jaringan dan listrik,dan belum terbiasanya peserta dengan metode online.

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This study discusses the implementation of Bank Maybank Indonesia's CSR program, namely the online program Reach Independence & Sustainable Entrepreneurship (RISE) 2.0, which is related to empowering communities with disabilities through entrepreneurship programs. The purpose of this study is to describe the implementation and the factors that influence the implementation of the RISE 2.0 program as an effort to empower people with disabilities. This research is a qualitative research with a descriptive study through literature studies and online interviews in 2021. This study involved 8 informants consisting of CSR Maybank Indonesia, People Systems Consultancy Indonesia, and program participants. The results of the study show that in carrying out CSR through the RISE 2.0 program there has been empowerment for communities with disabilities as beneficiaries. This is done through efforts to change mindsets, entrepreneurship training, and entrepreneurship assistance for communities with disabilities. However, beneficiaries have not been involved in the assessment process and program planning and programs are still limited to persons with physical disabilities. The supporting factors of program RISE 2.0 are personal approach to participants, experienced trainers and mentors, two-way communication, active participation of participants, conducted online, and a community of people with disabilities on social media. Meanwhile, the inhibiting factors are the participants' other busyness, social restrictions due to the COVID-19 pandemic, network and electricity constraints, and participants' unfamiliarity with online methods."

"Kemampuan perawatan diri adalah keterampilan mengurus atau menolong diri sendiri dalam kehidupan sehari-hari sehingga tidak tergantung pada orang lain. Pada anak tuna grahita, kemampuan perawatan diri dapat dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor, baik faktor eksternal (karakteristik orangtua dan lingkungan) maupun faktor internal (karakteristik anak). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kemampuan perawatan diri anak tuna grahita. Rancangan penelitian cross sectional dan sampel adalah 65 orangtua anak tuna grahita di Sekolah Luar Biasa (SLB). Analisis data menggunakan uji Chi-Square dan regresi logistik ganda. Hasil menunjukkan kemampuan perawatan diri pada anak tuna grahita masih rendah.Terdapat hubungan bermakna antara pendidikan orang tua, umur, dan kekuatan motorik pada anak tuna grahita dengan kemampuan perawatan diri (p value < 0,005). Faktor paling dominan yang mempunyai hubungan adalah faktor kekuatan motorik anak tuna grahita dengan OR = 4,77.

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Self-care is the ability to take care of self or self-help in daily life activities. For children with mental retardation, self-care can be influenced by various factors, external (parents and environment characteristics) as well as internal (children characteristics). This study aimed to explore determinant factors that related to self-care ability in mental retardation children. Study design was cross sectional with samples are 65 parents whose mental retardation children registered in special education school. Data analysis used Chi-Square and Logistic Regression.

Result of this study found that the self-care ability among retarded children is relatively low and there was significantly relationship between parents education, children's age and gross motor performance to self-care ability in mental retarded children (p value < 0,005). Gross motor performance of mental retarded children is the most dominant factor that contributed to self-care ability (OR = 4,77)."

"Disfungsi seksual merupakan masalah yang umum dialami oleh pasien hemodialisa (Hd). Studi kualitatif ini dilakukan untuk menggali pengalaman disfungsi seksual pasien penyakit ginjal kronik tahap akhir (PGK) yang menjalani Hd dengan jumlah partisipan 6 laki-laki dan 6 perempuan. Terdapat lima tema yang diperoleh dalam penelitian ini yaitu perubahan akibat PGK, aktivitas seksual pasien Hd, jenis disfungsi seksual pasien, penyebab timbulnya masalah seksual serta dukungan yang diperlukan pasien dalam mengatasi masalah seksualnya. Kemampuan perawat melakukan kerjasama dengan tim kesehatan lain untuk mengatasi masalah seksual pasien, pada akhirnya akan meningkatkan kualitas hidup pasien.

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Sexual dysfunction is a common problem experienced by patients on hemodialysis. This qualitative study explored the sexual dysfunction experience of patients with end stage renal disease disease (ESRD) and hemodialysis. Six female and 6 male participated as respondents on this study. There are five themes identified on this study, including changes caused by ESRD, sexual activity of patients on hemodialysis, type of sexual dysfunction, the cause of sexual dysfunction and supports needed by the patients to cope with their sexual problems. Nurse ability to cooperate with other health professionals is needed to overcome the patients sexual problem, and increasing the patients? life quality as the final impact."

"Aksesibilitas penyandang disabilitas merupakan kemudahan yang disediakan untuk menunjang kehidupan sehari-hari secara mandiri guna mewujudkan kesamaan kesempatan dalam segala aspek kehidupan. Penyediaan aksesibilitas bagi penyandang disabilitas pada bangunan institusi pendidikan masih dinomorduakan lantaran belum adanya regulasi khusus yang mengatur pelaksanaan pendidikan bagi penyandang disabilitas. Keberadaan aksesibilitas pada bangunan institusi pendidikan yang belum memadai menimbulkan hambatan tersendiri bagi penyandang disabilitas. Aksesibilitas dalam kajian ini difokuskan kepada aksesibilitas pada bangunan institusi pendidikan dengan mengambil kasus sarana aksesibilitas yang terdapat di Universitas Indonesia pada tiga fakultas dengan rumpun ilmu yang berbeda guna melihat sejauh mana aksesibilitas di Universitas Indonesia dapat memfasilitasi kebutuhan penyandang cacat fisik pengguna alat bantu gerak kruk, walker, dan kursi roda. Metode pengambilan data yang digunakan adalah dengan observasi langsung, mengamati, menganalisa kemudian membandingkan sesuai dengan standar terhadap ketiga fakultas pada rumpun ilmu yang berbeda serta melakukan wawancara langsung. Selain itu data juga didapat melalui studi literatur yang diambil dari buku teks, artikel, dan penjelajahan internet. Kesimpulan akhir menunjukkan bahwa aksesibilitas pada ketiga fakultas masih belum mencapai sempurna sesuai dengan standar yang ada untuk dapat diakses oleh penyandang disbilitas serta belum memenuhi asas aksesibilitas; keselamatan, kemudahan, kegunaan, kemandirian. Namun, sebagian fakultas telah berusaha menghadirkan elemen-elemen aksesibilitas yang cukup memberikan kemudahan bagi penyandang disabilitas sebagai pengguna bangunan.

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Accessibility is easiness for people with disabilities to realize the same opportunity in all of living aspects. The existences of accessibility for people with disabilities in buildings of educational institutions are still excluded due to the absence of specific regulations governing the implementation of education for persons with disabilities.

Accessibility in this study focused on buildings of educational institutions by take a case of the accessibilities at three different faculty of University of Indonesia. Each faculty has diferrent scope of science in order to see how far the accessibilities facilitate the needs of people with disabilities in different area, especially for physical disabilities who use mobility aids; crutches, walkers, and wheelchairs.

The method of data retrieval that used in this study is by direct observation; observe, analyze and compare according to the standards. In addition the data was also obtained through interview and study of literature from textbooks, articles, and internet browsing.

Based on this study it found that the available accessibilities at some faculties has not yet accessible and fulfill the principle of accessibility; safety, easiness, utility, and self-sufficiency for people with disabilities. However, some of them have tried to present the elements of accessibility to provide the easiness for people with disabilities as users of the building."

"Kemampuan perawatan diri anak tuna grahita, kemampuan perawatan diri dapat dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor, baik faktoreksternal (karakteristik orangtua dan lingkungan) maupun faktor internal (karakteristik anak). Penelitian ini bertujuan untukmengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kemampuan perawatan diri anak tuna grahita. Rancangan penelitian crosssectional dengan sampel adalah 65 orangtua anak tuna grahita di Sekolah Luar Biasa (SLB). Analisis data menggunakan ujiChi-Square dan regresi logistik ganda menunjukkan kemampuan perawatan diri pada anak tuna grahita masih rendah.Terdapathubungan bermakna antara pendidikan orang tua, umur, dan kekuatan motorik pada anak tuna grahita dengan kemampuanperawatan diri (p < 0,005). Faktor paling dominan yang mempunyai hubungan adalah faktor kekuatan motorik anak tunagrahita dengan OR= 4,77.

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Children with mental retardation, self-care can be influenced by various factors, external (parents and environment characteristics) as well as internal (children characteristics). This study aimed to explore determinant factors that related to self-care ability in mental retardation children. Study design was cross sectional with samples are 65 parents whose mental retardation children registered in special education school. Using Chi-Square and Logistic Regression. Result of this study found that the self-care ability among retarded children is relatively low and there was significantly relationship between parents’ education, children’s age and gross motor performance to self-care ability in mental retarded children (p < 0,005).Gross motor performance of mental retarded children is the most dominant factor that contributed to self-care ability(OR= 4,77)."

"Pelaskanaan vaksinasi di Kota Palembang bagi penyandang disabilitas dinilai banyak mengalami permasalahan, seperti pelaksanaan vaksinasi yang dianggap tidak berjalan karena jumlah vaksinasi kepada disabilitas masih stagnan hingga infrastruktur penunjang yang masih minim. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui aksesibilitas pelayanan vaksinasi di Kota Palembang bagi penyandang disabilitas. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan teknik pengambilan data dengan menggunakan metode kuantitatif yaitu melalui kuesioner yang disebarkan kepada 70 penyandang disabilitas dan didukung dengan metode kualitatif melalui wawancara mendalam dengan 8 narasumber. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa sebesar 94% dari responden menyatakan pelayanan vaksinasi yang ada di Kota Palembang sudah diakses dengan baik. Selanjutnya penelitian ini juga menunjukkan tidak adanya perbedaan pelayanan vaksinasi yang diberikan diantara jenis-jenis disabilitas. Namun masih terdapat kelemahan dalam pelaksanaan vaksinasi kepada disabilitas di Kota Palembang, yaitu informasi yang disediakan oleh pemerintah kurang menyeluruh dan masih ragunya penyandang disabilitas untuk di vaksinasi sehingga angka capaian vaksinasi terhadap disabilitas masih stagnan.

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The implementation of vaccination in the Palembang for disabilities is considered to have experienced many problems, such as the implementation of vaccination which is considered not working because vaccinations for disabilities is consistenly stagnant and supporting infrastructure is still less. The purpose of this study was to determine the accessibility of vaccination services in Palembang for persons with disabilities. This study uses a quantitative approach with data collection techniques using quantitative methods, namely through questionnaires distributed to 70 respondents with disabilities and supported by qualitative methods through in-depth interviews with 8 informants. The results of this study indicate that 94% of the respondents stated that the vaccination services in the Palembang were well accessed. Furthermore, this study also shows that there is no difference in the vaccination services provided between types of disabilities. However, there are still weaknesses in the implementation of vaccination for disabilities in the Palembang, the informations provided by the government is less exhaustive and disabilities are still hesitant to be vaccinated, so vaccination against disabilities is still stagnant."

"Growing numbers of employees, consumers, and investors want companies to be truly good; these stakeholders will accept lower economic returns in order to support companies that prioritize sustainability, fair wages, and fair trade. Unlike charities or non-profit organizations, such companies - or social enterprises - are not only permitted but also expected to produce an economic return for investors. Yet, unlike traditional business ventures, social enterprises have no obligation to maximize profits, even on a long-term basis. In this comprehensive volume, Benjamin Means and Joseph W. Yockey bring together leading legal scholars and practitioners to offer an authoritative guide to social enterprise law and policy. The Cambridge Handbook of Social Enterprise Law takes stock of the field and charts a course for its future development. It should be read by entrepreneurs, investors, practitioners, academics, students and anyone else interested in how companies are evolving to address new demands for capitalism with a conscience."

"Social entrepreneurship and social business' addresses a range of topics in the field, including the history of social entrepreneurship, business models and performance measurement."

"In recent years, social innovation has experienced a steep career. Numerous national governments and large organisations like the OECD, the European Commission and UNESCO have adopted the term. Social innovation basically means that people adopt new social practices in order to meet social needs in a different or more effective way. Prominent examples of the past are the Red Cross and the social welfare state or, at present, the internet 2.0 transforming our communication and cooperation schemes, requiring new management concepts, even empowering social revolutions. The traditional concept of innovation as successful new technological products needs fundamental rethinking in a society marked by knowledge and services, leading to a new and enriched paradigm of innovation. There is multiple evidence that social innovation will become of growing importance not only concerning social integration, equal opportunities and dealing with the greenhouse effects but also with regard to preserving and expanding the innovative capacity of companies and societies. While political authorities stress the social facets of social innovation, this book also encompasses its societal and systemic dimensions, collecting the scientific expertise of renowned experts and scholars from all over the world. Based on the contributions of the first world-wide science convention on social innovation from September 2011 in Vienna, the book provides an overview of scientific approaches to this still relatively new field."

"Aksesibilitas bagi penyandang gangguan penglihatan tercapai ketika kebutuhan mereka terpenuhi, yang mana dalam sistem wayfinding, mereka membutuhkan desain yang mengakomodasikan mereka untuk bernavigasi secara mandiri. Dalam konteks urban, desain sistem ini pada ruang transportasi publik masih memiliki banyak aspek yang perlu diperbaiki dalam mencapai inklusivitas bagi kelompok minoritas tersebut. Sebuah survei yang melibatkan peserta disabilitas dan non-disabilitas memperlihatkan penyediaan sistem informasi pada ruang publik di Jakarta, Indonesia yang masih dinilai belum efektif sehingga kesulitan dalam bernavigasi masih banyak dirasakan oleh pengguna, termasuk individu dengan gangguan penglihatan. Tulisan ilmiah ini memaparkan studi yang berfokus pada bagaimana elemen-elemen sistem wayfinding dapat mengakomodasi kebutuhan penyandang disabilitas ini, yang dikaji berdasarkan karakteristik perilaku mereka ketika bernavigasi dalam ruang transportasi publik. Dengan mengevaluasi sistem wayfinding pada salah satu stasiun MRT Jakarta, hasil pengamatan membuktikan bahwa aplikasi desain penyampaian informasi navigasi di Indonesia belum memenuhi kebutuhan penyandang gangguan penglihatan secara menyeluruh. Pada akhirnya, temuan ini merekomendasikan perbaikan dan pengembangan pada sistem wayfinding agar lebih memberikan kesempatan kepada penyandang gangguan penglihatan untuk bernavigasi secara mandiri dalam ruang transportasi publik.

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Accesibility for the visually impaired is achieved when their needs are met, which in the context of wayfinding system, they need design that accomodates them to navigate independently. In the urban context, the design of this system in public transportation spaces still seems to have many aspects that need to be improved in achieving inclusivity for this minority group. A survey involving disabled and nondisabled participants revealed the provision of information system in public spaces in Jakarta, Indonesia that is still considered ineffective thus difficulties in navigation are still experienced by many users, including individuals with visual impairments. This academic paper describes a study that focuses on how the elements of wayfinding system can accommodate the needs of these people with disabilities, which are analyzed based on their behavioural characteristics when navigating in public transportation spaces. By evaluating the wayfinding system in one of the Jakarta MRT stations, this study proves that design applications of navigational information system in Indonesia have not shown the inclusion of visually impaired needs in the whole scope. In the end, these findings recommend improvements and developments in the wayfinding system to be more inclusive therefore supports people with visual impairments to navigate independently in public transportation spaces."