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"Intra Uterine Device (IUD) atau alat kontrasepsi dalam rahim merupakan salah satu metode kontrasepsi jangka panjang. Penggunaan IUD di Indonesia masih tergolong sedikit dan hanya 8.35%. Berdasarkan dari rencana strategis BKKBN, target penggunaan MKJP sebesar 28.39% pada tahun 2024. Salah satu fokus strategi dengan komunikasi, informasi, edukasi (KIE) serta konseling KB. Tenaga kesehatan berperan dalam pelayanan program KB dengan meningkatkan sikap dan perilaku terhadap perencanaan keluarga yang lebih baik, serta menjadi role model. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi determinan yang mempengaruhi penggunaan IUD di kalangan tenaga kesehatan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain cross-sectional, melibatkan 110 responden tenaga kesehatan wanita berusia 20-49 tahun yang bekerja di Jakarta, dan merupakan pengguna KB aktif IUD. Analisis data dilakukan secara univariat dan bivariat menggunakan uji chi-square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 75% responden tenaga kesehatan merupakan pengguna baru IUD. Hasil menunjukkan terdapat hubungan signifikan antara usia (p < 0.001), paritas (p = 0.002), sikap (p = 0.031), efek samping penggunaan IUD (p = 0.041), dan dukungan pasangan (p = 0.045) dengan penggunaan IUD. Namun, tidak ditemukan hubungan signifikan antara jenis IUD (p = 0.326) dan biaya KB (p = 0.364) dengan penggunaan IUD pada tenaga kesehatan. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa faktor usia, paritas, sikap, dukungan pasangan, dan efek samping berpengaruh terhadap penggunaan IUD di kalangan tenaga kesehatan.

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Intra Uterine Device (IUD) is a long-term contraceptive method. The usage of IUD in Indonesia remains low at only 8.35%. According to the strategic plan of the National Population and Family Planning Board (BKKBN), the target for the use of Long-Acting Contraceptive Methods (MKJP) is 28.39% by 2024. One of the strategic focuses is on information, education, communication (IEC), and family planning counseling. Health workers play a crucial role in providing family planning services by improving attitudes and behaviors towards better family planning, as well as serving as role models. This study aims to identify the determinants affecting IUD usage among health workers. This research is a quantitative study with a cross-sectional design, involving 110 female health worker respondents aged 20-49 years who work in Jakarta and are active IUD users. Data analysis was conducted using univariate and bivariate analyses with chi-square tests. The results show that 75% of health worker respondents are new IUD users. The findings reveal significant relationships between age (p < 0.001), parity (p = 0.002), attitude (p = 0.031), side effects of IUD use (p = 0.041), and partner support (p = 0.045) with the use of IUD. However, no significant relationship was found between the type of IUD (p = 0.326) and contraceptive cost (p = 0.364) with the use of IUD among health workers. This study concludes that age, parity, attitude, partner support, and side effects significantly influence IUD usage among health workers."

"Indonesia menghadapi tantangan kependudukan yaitu bonus demografi dan total fertility rate (TFR) yang lebih tinggi dari target RPJMN. Program KB, khususnya penggunaan Metode Kontrasepsi Jangka Panjang (MKJP) kemudian menjadi upaya pemerintah dalam mengendalikan penduduk khususnya pada kelompok berisiko. Namun, penggunaan mix-method MKJP di Indonesia relatif masih rendah yaitu 24.6% dibandingkan negara ASEAN lainnya. Selain itu, WUS di Indonesia juga terkait dengan masalah akses kesehatan seperti masih tingginya unmet need dan belum semua wanita mendapat paparan informasi dari penyuluh lapangan KB, informed choice KB, ataupun memiliki jaminan kesehatan nasional (JKN). Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi indikator akses layanan kesehatan dan mengetahui hubungan akses layanan kesehatan dengan penggunaan MKJP. Penelitian ini menggunakan data SKAP KKBPK 2019 dengan desain penelitian cross-sectional. Analisis univariat dilakukan untuk mengidentifikasi indikator akses layanan kesehatan. Analisis bivariat dan multivariat digunakan untuk melihat hubungan akses layanan kesehatan dengan penggunaan MKJP. Ditemukan 75.3% (95% CI= 9.127-10.473) wanita masih mengalami minimal 1 masalah terkait akses layanan kesehatan. Proporsi penggunaan MKJP oleh Wanita yang Telah Menikah di Indonesia adalah 29.2% (95% CI=3.383-3.993). Ada hubungan yang signifikan antara akses layanan kesehatan dengan penggunaan MKJP (AOR=1,19; 95% CI=1,091-1,312). Dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan MKJP di Indonesia relatif masih rendah sehingga perlu upaya pemerintah untuk mengurangi masalah terkait akses layanan kesehatan. 

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Indonesia faces population challenges, namely the demographic dividend and the total fertility rate which higher than the national target. Family Planning Programme, especially the use of Long Acting and Permanent Contraceptive Method (LAPCM) is then become the government’s effort to control the population growth, especially for high-risk groups. However, the use of LAPCM in Indonesia is still relatively low, namely 24.6% compare to other ASEAN countries. In addition, married women in Indonesia is also related to health access problems such as high percentage of unmet need and not all women have received information from family planning field counselors, informed choice of family planning, or have national health insurance (JKN). Therefore, this study aims to identify indicators of access to health services and determine the relationship between access to health services and the use of LAPCM. This study uses data from the  SKAP KKBPK 2019 with a cross-sectional research design. Univariate analysis uses to identify indicators of access to health services. Bivariate and multivariate analyzes were used to see the relationship between access to health services and the use of LAPCM. It was found that 75.3% of women still experienced at least 1 problem related to access to health services. The proportion of the LAPCM user among married women in reproductive age in Indonesia is 29.2%. There is a significant relationship between access to health services and the use of MKJP (AOR=1.19; 95% CI=1.091-1.312). It can be concluded that the use of LAPCM in Indonesia is relatively low, so that government efforts are needed to reduce problems related to access to health services."

"ABSTRAKMetode kontrasepsi jangka panjang diharapkan dapat menurunkan fertilitas diIndonesia serta menurunkan angka kematian ibu yang masih cukup tinggi. Oleh karenaitu, pemerintah membuat Renstra 2015-2019 dan menargetkan capaian persentasepeserta KB aktif MKJP tahun 2017 menurut yaitu 21,7%. (BKKBN,2015). Pemakaiankontrasepsi di Kecamatan Semparuk Kabupaten Sambas Kalimantan Barat tahun 2017masih didominasi oleh pengguna non MKJP yaitu sebesar 94,46 sementara penggunaMKJP hanya 5,44%. Tujuan penulisan ini untuk menganalisis hambatan keikutsertaanMetode Kontrasepsi Jangka Panjang di Kecamatan Semparuk Kabupaten SambasKalimantan Barat Tahun 2019. Penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain potong lintangmerupakan metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian menerangkanumur dan dukungan suami tidak ada hubungan dengan keikutsertaaan menggunakanMetode kontrasepsi jangka panjang sedangkan pendidikan (p-value=0,039, POR=6,234,CI=1,279-30,396), pengetahuan (p-value=0,002, POR=6,682, CI=2,186-20,426),jumlah anak (p-value=0,024, POR=0,270, CI=0,092-0,792), keterpaparan informasi (pvalue=0,028, POR=3,593, CI=1,226-10,533, dan ketersediaan alat kontrasepsi (pvalue=0,049, POR=3,916, CI=1,090-14,067 mempengaruhi keikutsertaan menggunakanMKJP. Saran penelitian yaitu untuk BKKBN dapat melakukan pengadaan PLKB yangsebagai perpanjangan tangan dari BKKBN untuk menyampaikan informasi tentangkontrasepsi dimasyarakat. Untuk PLKB memberikan informasi kepada pasangan usiasubur tentang efek samping alat kontrasepsi, cara mengatasi efek samping, waktu danjadwal KB, dan Cara menggunakan/pemasangan alat/cara KB. Untuk PenelitianSelanjutnya melakukan penelitian secara kualitatif tentang keikutsertaan MKJP agarbisa mengetahui lebih mendalam tentang alasan ketidakikutsertaan MKJP. Variabelnyadapat ditambah dengan efek samping kontrasepsi yang digunakan, jumlah anak yangdiinginkan, kompetensi bidan dalam pemasangan MKJP dan lain sebagainya.

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ABSTRACTLong-acting reversible contraceptive methods are expected to reduce fertility inIndonesia and reduce maternal mortality rates which are still quite high. Therefore, thegovernment made the 2015-2019 Strategic Plan and targeted the achievement of thepercentage of active LARC family planning participants in 2017 according to 21.7%.(BKKBN, 2015). The use of contraception in the District of Semparuk, SambasRegency, West Kalimantan in 2017 is still dominated by non-LARC users, whichamounted to 94.46 while LARC users were only 5.44%. The aims of this study is toanalyze the barriers to the participation of the Long-Term Contraception Method inSemparuk Subdistrict, Sambas District, West Kalimantan in 2019. Quantitative researchwith the cross-sectional design is the method used in this study. The results of the studyexplained the age and support of the husband there was no relationship withparticipation using long-term contraceptive methods while Education (p-value = 0.039,CI = 1.2799-30396, POR = 6.234), knowledge (p-value=0,002, CI=2,186-20,426,POR=6,682), number of children (p-value=0,024, CI=0,092-0,792, POR=0,270,),Information exposure (p-value = 0,028, CI = 1,226-10,533, POR = 3,593), andAvailability of contraception (p-value = 0,049, CI = 1.090-14.067, POR = 3.916) affectsparticipation using LARC. Suggestions for research are that the BKKBN can carry outPLKB procurement which is an extension of the BKKBN for convey information aboutcontraception in the community. For the PLKB provide information to couples ofchildbearing age about the side effects of contraceptives, how to deal with side effects,time and schedule of family planning, and how to use/install a family planning device.For Research Next, conduct research qualitatively about LARC participation so thatthey can discuss further about the reasons for LARC's participation. The variables canbe added to the side effects used, the number of children desired, the competence ofmidwives in the installation of LARC and so on."

"Tujuan: Mengetahui status asam folat dan perilaku tentang asupan asam folat pada akseptor KB, sehingga dapat dipertimbangkan perlu tidaknya suplementasi asam folat pada akseptor KB, khususnya akseptor pil. Tempat: RW 014 Kelurahan Pisangan Baru, Kecamatan Matraman, Jakarta Timur. Bahan dan Cara: Penelitian crows-sectional dan subjek penelilian adalah semua akseptor KB yang memenuhi kriteria penelitian. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi data sosio demografi, pola makan, asupan giri (makro matrial dan asam folat), status kadar asam folat serum dan sel darah merah (SDM). Hasil: Tidak didapatkan kadar asam folat serum < 3 ag/ml. Status asam folat serum subjek tidak berhubungan dengan pemakaian pil, karakteristik demografi, asupan gizi dan status gizi. Persentase kadar asam folat SDM < 160 mg/ml. adalah 3,5%. Kadar asam folat SDM subjek pil tidak berbeda dengan subjek bukan pil, namun ada kecenderungan kadar asam folat SDM subjek pil lebih rendah dari subjek bukan pil. Secara bermakna kadar asam folat SDM subjck bcrhubungan dengan kebiasaan mengkonsumsi sayur hijau dan kelompok umur. Perbedaan dalam mengolah sayur menyebabkan perbedaan bermakna pada jumlah subjek yang mempunyai kadar asam folat SDM < 160 mg/ml. Rata-rata asupan zat-zat gizi subjck penelitian di bawah AKG yang dianjurkan. Subjek pil mempunyai rata-rasa asupan asam folat lebih rendah bermakna dari subjek bukan pil, namun tidak didapatkan korelasi antara asupan asam folat dengan kadar asam folat serum dan SDM subjek penelitian. Kcsimpulan: Status asam folat serum dan SDM subjek penelitian tidak berhubungan dengan pemakaian pil dan bukan pil, sehingga belum diperlukan suplementasi pada subjek penelitian khususnya subjek pil.

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Objective: To determine the folic acid slates and the behavior of folic acid intake in contraceptive users. This is in order to decide whether folic acid supplemeration is necessary, especially for pill users.

Location: RW 014 Kelurahan Pisangan Baru, Kecamatan Matraman, Jakarta Timur.

Methods: cross-sectional study and subjects were all contraceptive users who fulfill study criteria. Data ' collected were socio-demographic, eating paucrn, nutritional intake (macro nutrient and folic acid), nutritional status, serum and RISC folic acid level.

Results: Serum folic acid level of < 3 mg/ml, was not found, Scrum folic acid level was not associated with using pill or non pill, socio-demographic, eating pattern, nutritional intake and nutritional status. The percentage of RISC folic acid level of N 160 mg/ml, was 3.5%. RISC folic acid level was not associated with using pill or non-pill, but there was a tendency Chef ItBC folic acid level in pill users was lower than non-pill users, There was a significant correlation between R13C folic acid level wish the frequency of green vegetables consumption and age group, 'Ihe difference in the manner of cooking significantly associated with the number of subject with RBC folic acid level of 160 mg/ml. Nutritional intake was under RDl level in almost subjects. Pill users had in average significant lower folic acid intake compare to non-pill users, but there was no correlation between folic acid intake with scrum and RBC folic acid level.

Conclusions: Serum and RHC folic acid stains is not associated with using pill or non-pill. From this study it is still not necessary for folic acid supplementation, especially for pill users."

"Contraception is an integral dimension of women'shealth both of them are components of the broader- objectives offamily planning and life long well-being i.e., controlling ones lifepattern. Research data indicates of decline in fertility rates. infantmortality and child mortality rates with womens' development andeconomic advancement, women ?s acknowledge the need forcontraception and limiting the number of pregnancies. This studyused the Indian National Family Health Survey (NFHS-2, l 998-99),2000, for currently married women aged l5-49 years. The objectiveof the study is to explore the substantial impact of the use moderncontraceptive methods on fertility, infant and child mortality ratesin India. The knowledge of modern contraceptive methods is nearlyuniform (99%) among the currently married women irrespective oftheir socioeconomic and geographical affiliation. The practice ofcontraception does not only reduce the fertility, infant, and childmortality rates, but also has major impact on the quality of theirlives and reproductive health status. The strong, consistent, andnegative significant eject of family planning methods have beenobserved on aggregate decline of fertility. infant, and childmortality. The socioeconomic background of women (education,religion, and standard of living) influenced the practice of familyplanning methods significantly. The use of family planning methodssubsequently help to bring down the fertility, infant, and childmortality rates."

"Umur Kawin Pertama akan memberikan kontribusi pada kenaikan angka kelahiran Total Fertility Rate (TFR). Selanjutnya persoalan lainnya jika dikaitkan dengan aspek fisik, ekonomi, psikologi dan sosialnya, pernikahan pada usia dini yang salah satu dampaknya adalah terjadinya kenaikan angka Age Specific Fertility Rate (ASFR). Berdasarkan data SDKI 2012 menunjukkan remaja kawin yang menggunakan kontrasepsi yaitu 46,8% dan yang tidak menggunakan 53,2 (SDKI, 2012). Peningkatan kualitas dan cakupan informasi serta pelayanan kontrasepsi pada seluruh kelompok WUS, tak terkecuali pada WUS 15-19 tahun, menjadi kebutuhan sekaligus tantangan program KB saat ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat faktor-faktor penggunaan kontrasepsi pada WUS 15-19 Tahun di Indonesia. Studi kuantitatif data sekunder ini memakai hasil Survei Rencana Pembangunann Jangka Menengah Nasional (SRPJMN) Tahun 2017, dengan total sampel sebanyak 455 WUS 15-19 Tahun. Analisis statistik yang diterapkan adalah regresi logistik. Variabel dependen yaitu penggunaan kontrasepsi, sedangkan variabel independen terdiri dari faktor sosio-demografi, faktor psikososial, dan faktor terkait pelayanan KB. Hasil menunjukkan mayoritas (52,1%) tidak menggunakan kontrasepsi, subyek berusia ≥ 16 – 19 tahun (97,6%) dengan pendidikan < SMA (69,5%), pengetahuan tentang metode kontrasepsi tinggi (59,3%) dengan bertempat tinggal di pedesaan (76,9%). Hasil analisis multivariat menunjukkan bahwa variabel yang berhubungan dengan penggunaan kontrasepsi adalah jumlah anak hidup (OR 20). Rekomendasi ditujukkan untuk memaksimalkan media massa dan petugas dalam memberikan informasi kontrasepsi pada WUS 15-19 tahun.

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Background: The First Marriage Age will contribute to the increase in the birth rate of Total Fertility Rate (TFR). Furthermore, other issues if associated with physical, economic, psychological and social aspects, marriage at an early age which one of the impact is the increase in the number of Age Specific Fertility Rate (ASFR) Objective: Knowing how the pattern of contraceptive use in women of childbearing age 15-19 years based on data 2017 SRPJMN. Method: data were derived from SRPJMN 2017, a cross sectional study. The analysis used information from 455 women of reproductive age aged 15-19 year. Odds Ratios (OR) were obtained from the bivariate and regression. Result: The multivariate analysis showed that the variables associated with contraceptive use were the number of live children (OR 20). Conclusion: Recommendations are aimed at maximizing mass media and officers in providing contraceptive information on WUS 15-19 years."

"Latar belakang: Total Fertility Rate (TFR) di perdesaan masih di atas TFR nasional yaitu 2.8 berbanding 2.6. Wanita perdesaan memiliki ketergantungan tinggi terhadap layanan kesehatan umum untuk mendapatkan pelayanan keluarga berencana. Total kebutuhan pelayanan kontrasepsi di wilayah perdesaan Indonesia adalah 72.5%. Wanita perdesaan perlu mendapat perhatian khusus karena 50.2% penduduk Indonesia tinggal di daerah perdesaan.Metode: Penelitian menggunakan data SDKI 2012 dengan besar sampel 15.416 orang. Uji statistik yang digunakan adalah regresi logistik binomial, dengan subjek penelitian wanita berstatus kawin yang tinggal di daerah perdesaan, sedangkan wanita yang tidak dapat hamil atau sedang hamil saat survei dilakukan tidak diikutsertakan.Hasil: Wanita di perdesaan yang belum menggunakan kontrasepsi sebanyak 36%. Ada hubungan antara usia, status pekerjaan suami, riwayat anak meninggal, paritas, usia menikah pertama, kunjungan petugas KB, aksesibilitas ke fasilitas kesehatan, keinginan memiliki anak, interaksi antara akses biaya dan akses jarak terhadap status penggunaan kontrasepsi oleh wanita berstatus kawin di perdesaan. Faktor yang paling dominan adalah status pekerjaan suami (OR=3.471, CI 95% 2.671-4.510), usia menikah pertama (OR1=3.277 CI 95% 1.705-6.296; OR2=2.774, CI 95% 1.444-5.328), dan akses biaya (OR=2.623, CI 95% 1.822-3.776).Kesimpulan: Fokus sasaran peningkatan prevalensi pengguna kontrasepsi di perdesaan adalah wanita menikah di bawah usia 21 tahun, memiliki suami yang tidak bekerja, memiliki riwayat anak meninggal, dan paritas dua anak. Determinan penggunaan KB di perdesaan adalah aksesibilitas (jarak, biaya, informasi) dan keinginan memiliki anak.Rekomendasi kebijakan dan program: melibatkan praktek bidan swasta dalam sistem jaminan kesehatan, bimbingan KB bagi pasangan menikah di bawah usia 21, pemetaan segmentasi sasaran pelayanan KB perdesaan, dan pemberdayaan petugas KB sebagai ?marketing sales? alat kontrasepsi.

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Background: Total Fertility Rate ( TFR ) in rural areas is still above the national TFR is 2.8 compared to 2.6. Rural women is highly dependent on public health institutions in acquiring family planning services. Total need of contraceptive services in rural areas of Indonesia is 72.5%. Rural women need special attention because they constitute 50.2% of Indonesian women.Method: This research used data from IDHS 2012 with a sample size of 15,416 subjects. Statistical test used was binomial logistic regression. Married women who lived in rural areas are included in the study while infertile women or pregnant women are excluded.Results: 36% of women in rural areas have never used any contraceptive method. Age, husband's working status, history of deceased offspring, parity, age at first marriage, visit by family planning officer, accessibility to health facility, desire for more children, interaction between mobility and financial accessibility are associated with usage of contraception by married women in rural areas. The most dominant factors are husband's working status (OR=3.471, CI 95% 2.671-4.510), age at first marriage (OR1=3.277 CI 95% 1.705-6.296; OR2=2.774, CI 95% 1.444-5.328), and financial accessibility (OR=2.623, CI 95% 1.822-3.776).Conclusion: The focus of efforts to increase the prevalence of contraception user in rural areas are married woman who is below 21 years old at first marriage, has an unemployed husband, has a history of deceased children, and has delivered children twice. Determinants of conrraception usage in rural areas are accessibility (financial, mobility, and information) and desire for more children.Program and policy recommendation: inclusion of private practice midwives in health insurance system, compulsory family planning counseling for married pair below 21 years old, mapping of family planning target segmentation in rural area, and empowerment of family planning workers as "salesman" for contraception."