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"There has long been a conventional understanding that mass communication studies in Japan started with the introduction of theories of mass communication from the USA in the 1950s. However, as this paper demonstrates, a new academic paradigm, ‘newspaper studies’ (shinbungaku) had begun to take shape as early as the 1920s. At first the infant discipline occupied a very marginal position in mainstream academia, but as Japan prepared for war during the 1930s, giving information increasing strategic importance, these early media studies became associated with the state's mobilization for total war. This paper identifies three competing perspectives in pre‐war newspaper studies: an empiricist‐historical perspective, a constructionist perspective, and a Marxist perspective. It then demonstrates how the second perspective transformed itself into a logic of propaganda, and joined hands with ultra‐nationalism. The paper concludes by arguing that the parameters of the discursive space concerning mass media in the 1920s and 1930s survived to the post‐war era."

"ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa krisis komunikasi yang digunakan oleh Logan Paul, seorang pencipta konten di YouTube dan juga performa personal brand -nya, terkait terjadinya kontroversi penemuan jenazah bunuh diri di hutan Aokigahara, Jepang, pada 31 Desember 2017. Penelitian dilakukan dengan pendekatan mixed method dimana dengan metode kuantitatif, komen yang terdapat pada 2 video, yaitu video pada tanggal 14 Desember 2017 dan 18 April 2018, diambil menggunakan software OpenRefine dan Leximancer untuk menganalisa kebiasaan penonton Logan Paul. Data yang didapat kemudian dibahas secara kualitatif pada bagian diskusi. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa krisis komunikasi yang diterapkan Logan Paul adalah aksipenghapusan video dan beberapa bentuk permohonan maaf yang dilakukan di tahapan krisis yang berbeda. Berdasarkan data, juga telah ditemukan bahwa penonton Logan Paul tidak menunjukan perilaku yang berbeda setelah konflik terjadi, mengindikasikan personal brand yang kuat. Logan juga dapat mengasosiasikan dirinya, mengerti keadaan pasar, dan mampu menyadarkan orang akan keberadaannya. Namun, menurut website Social Blade yang menganalisa performa YouTuber, Logan belum bisa menjadi pemimpin pasarnya.

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ABSTRACTThis research is aim to analyse the crisis communication phases as well as the personal brand performance that a content creator on YouTube, Logan Paul, applied during his recent controversy that involving a discovery of adead body in Aokigahara forest, Japan, on 31 st of December 2017. With mixed method as an approach, the research use quantitative method to obtain data through the software OpenRefine and Leximancer by scrapping comment on Logan s 2 videos that uploaded before and after the controversy, 14 th of December 2017 and 18 th of April 2018. The data then will be analysed qualitatively in the discussion part. This research had found that through the crisis communication phases, Logan Paul took some actions such deleting his controversial video, and apologizing each on a different phase of crisis. Based on the data, this research discovered that Logan Paul audience s behaviour still stay the same after the controversy which indicate a strong personal brand. Logan also associating his personal branding very well within the community, understand the market condition, and able to attract awareness upon his name. However, according to Social Blade, a website that purposely do analyses onYouTuber performance, Logan has not become a leader in his market."

"Tulisan ini membahas wacana argumentatif dalam ceramah para ulama Indonesia tentang hukum demonstrasi. Argumen tersebut dibagi menjadi dua sudut pandang, yaitu argumen prodemonstrasi dan argumen kontrademonstrasi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan perbedaan unsur-unsur argumentasi yang dibangun oleh para ulama dalam pendapatnya tentang hukum demonstrasi. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif. Sumber data yang digunakan berasal dari video-video ceramah dalam laman YouTube dengan tiga kriteria: 1) video berdurasi tidak lebih dari 10 menit, 2) video bermuatan argumentasi pro atau kontra demonstrasi, dan 3) ceramah itu disampaikan oleh ustaz asal Indonesia. Atas dasar itu, dipilih enam video yang dibagi menjadi tiga ceramah prodemonstrasi dan tiga ceramah kontrademonstrasi. Setelah itu, video-video tersebut ditranskripsi dengan teknik ortografis untuk dijadikan sebagai data analisis. Teori yang digunakan untuk menganalisis data adalah teori Toulmin (2013). Hasil penelitian ini adalah ditemukan perbedaan penyampaian klaim serta sumber data dan pembenaran yang dijadikan sebagai landasan penetapan hukum Islam. Klaim dalam pendapat prodemonstrasi cenderung bersifat tersirat secara logis. Data dan pembenaran yang digunakannya berasal dari sumber sekunder hukum Islam, yaitu urf dan mashlahah mursalah. Sementara itu, klaim dalam pendapat kontrademonstrasi bersifat lugas dengan data dan pembenaran yang berasal dari Al-Qur’an dan sunah/hadis Nabi.

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This paper discusses the argumentative discourse in the lectures of the Indonesian ulemas about the law of demonstration. The argument is divided into two points of view, that is the pro-demonstration argument and the counter-demonstration argument. The purpose of this study is to describe the differences in the elements of argumentation developed by the ulemas in their opinion about the law of demonstration. The method used in this research is qualitative method. The source of the data used comes from video lectures on the YouTube page with the following criteria: 1) videos are about 10 minutes long, 2) videos containing pro-demonstration or counter-demonstration arguments, and 3) the lectures are delivered by Indonesian ulemas. On that basis, six videos were selected which were divided into three pro-demonstrations and three counter-demonstrations. After that, the videos were transcribed using orthographic techniques to be used as data analysis. The theory used to analyze the data is the theory of Toulmin (2013). The results of this study are found differences in the submission of claims as well as sources of data and warrant that are used as the basis for determining Islamic law. Claims in pro-demonstration opinions tend to be logically implied. The data and the warrant it uses come from the second source of Islamic law, namely urf and marshalah mursalah. Meanwhile, the claims in the counter-demonstration opinion are straightforward with data and warrant derived from the Qur'an and hadith."

"Variasi tuturan emosi para demonstran memunculkan prasangka negatif masyarakat terhadap demonstrasi tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan: bentuk dan jenis tuturan emosi mahasiswa Kota Baubau dalam ranah demonstrasi; Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian kualitatif. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara purposif. Data lisan dikumpullkan menggunakan metode simak bebas cakap, teknik dokumentasi, dan catat. Data dianalisis dengan teori tindak tutur Searle dan teori Goleman. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa bentuk tuturan emosi mahasiswa kota Baubau dalam ranah demonstrasi ada empat, yaitu kata, frasa, kalimat dan ungkapan Selanjutnya, jenis tuturan emosi mahasiswa Kota Baubau dalam ranah demonstrasi, yakni kemarahan, kesedihan, ketakutan, kenikmatan, dan kejengkelan.

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The variation ofemotional utterances of the demonstrators rosethenegative public attachments to the demonstration. This study aimedto explain: the formand type of emotional speech of BaubauCity students in the realdemonstration. This research waqualitative research. The Samplingwere takenpurposively. Oral data wascollected by using the free-of-cognatemethod, documentation techniques, and notes. Data were analyzed with Searle's speech-actg theory and Goleman's theory. The result of the research showedthat the formand type of emotional speech of Baubau city students in demonstration werefour:words, phrases, sentencesand idoms. Meanwhile, thetypes ofemotional speech of Baubau City students in demonstrationwereanger, sadness, fearlessness, pleasure, and annoyance."

"Pohon komunikasi menunjukan bahwa akar dari ilmu komunikasi meliputi sosiologi, psikologi, psikologi sosial dan antropologi. Oleh karena itu kedekatan antara sosiologi dan ilmu komunikasi sangat nampak ketika teori-teori komunikasi mengadopsi teori-teori sosiologi, termasuk teori fungsional struktural atau teori sistem dalam sosiologi menjadi pendekatan fungsionalis strkkural dalam komunikasi massa"