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"Stereotypical views of education in Japan have traditionally included an ‘examination hell’ among the key features of the system. However, two major modifications need to be made to that view. First, although competition for leading universities remains intense, overall entrance exams in Japan are not as competitive now as they used to be. This is because the declining birth rate is already feeding through to reduced numbers of candidates, while there has also been a marked increase in the number of higher education institutions and places for students. Secondly, the ‘examination hell’ is not only a feature of Japan, but may also be found in other East Asian countries, such as South Korea, China, Taiwan and Singapore. This paper focuses on Japan and South Korea and examines how the two systems go about ‘warming‐up’ students' educational aspirations, and then ‘cooling‐down’ those aspirations for those students who are unlikely to fulfil them. Some great differences emerge between these two ‘diploma disease’ societies of East Asia, and between the present‐day Japanese educational system and its traditional image."

"Studi ini menetengahkan transformasi pembangunan persekolahan di Kabupaten Timor Tengah Selatan melalui penguatan Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi (TIK/ICT). Disadari bahwa pembangunan persekolahan di kabupaten tersebut masih jauh tertinggal. Oleh karena itu, ICT dianggap sebagai media zaman untuk membantu mengakselerasi transformasi pembangunan persekoloahan di daerah ini. Dalam core teori transformasi pendidikan pada model pembelajaran di abad 21 melalui kontribusi teknologi dan mempertimbangkan situasi problematika sosial, maka penulis menggunakan Soft System Methodology (SSM) sebagai penuntun bagi masalah problematik tersebut.Penulis mengembangkan penelitian di Kabupaten Timor Tengah Selatan dengan melibatkan sembilan (components) sekolah sebagai lokus penelitian. Melalui interview/ diskusi secara formal maupun informal dan juga studi literatur, maka penulis menemukan sejumlah situasi problematis tentang pembangunan persekolahan melalui penguatan ICT. Dengan mengadaptasikan teori NIES dalam kerangka kerja model systems thinking yang dikategorikan dalam tiga level yaitu makro (institutional) level yang meliputi sistem aktifitas tentang peraturan daerah tentang pendidikan dan sistem optimasi anggaran pendidikan di daerah bagi pembangunan persekolahan; kemudian meso (organizational) level yang meliputi sistem aktivitas pada manajemen sekolah, kepemimpinan sekolah, dan teknologi pendidikan; serta mikro (individual/operational) level sebagai sentra dari pengembangan ICT sekolah yang meliputi sistem aktifitas kompetensi guru.Selanjutnya, melalui perbandingan dan debating, maka penulis mengimpulkan bahwa pembangunan persekolahan bagi penguatan ICT di daerah tersebut masih mengalami berbagai kelemahan diantaranya sumberdaya dari makro level sampai pada mikro level. oleh karena itu, direkomendasikan agar dikembangkan koordinasi dan komunikasi antar berbagai pihak bagi perubahan melalui komitmen yang sama dengan terus melakukan proses bottom-up and top-down bagi penguatan ICT berbasis sekolah (school-based ICT) di sekolah berdasarkan kebutuhan pembangunan pendidikan pada pembelajaran di abad 21.

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This study perpetuates transformation of schools development in South Central Timor Regency by strengthening Information and Communication Technology (ICT). Schools development of this Regency are still left behind. So, ICT is considered as current media to accelerate and help transforming schools development in the region. The core theory of transformation in education of this 21st century learning model over the contribution of technology and considering this social problematic situation, then, the writer develops Soft System Methodology (SSM) as a guide for solving this problem interest as well.The writer develops research in educational chamber of South Central Timor Regency included nine selected schools as locus of study. Through formal and informal interview/ discussions and literary study, the writer found kinds of real world problematic situations about schools development to strengthening ICT. Then, by adapting NIES theory in framework model of systems thinking which are categorized into three levels as macro (institutional level) which covers activity system of educational local regulation and optimum budgeting for schools development; Mezzo (organizational) level which covers school management, school leadership, technology in education and the micro (individual/operational) level as the center of ICT development which involves school teachers competences.Over the comparison and debating, the writer concludes that schools development to strengthening ICT still bears kinds of shortcomings in resources from macro through micro levels. So, the writer suggests to develop coordination and communication among parts for improvement through the same commitment to keep up bottom-up and top-down procession in order to strengthen school-based ICT around schools based on the need of educational development in this 21st century learning."

"ABSTRAKPenelitian korelasional ini dilakukan untuk mendapatkan gambaran mengenai hubungan antara computer self-efficacy (CSE) dan penggunaan komputer oleh guru sekolah dasar. CSE didefinisikan sebagai keyakinan seseorang mengenai kapabilitasnya untuk menggunakan komputer (Compeau & Higgins, 1995), sedangkan penggunaan komputer didefinisikan sebagai frekuensi guru menggunakan komputer dalam bentuk preparation, professional e-mail, delivering instruction, accommodation, dan grading (Babell, Russell, & O?Dwyer, 2004). CSE diukur menggunakan alat ukur Computer Self-Efficacy milik Compeau & Higgins (1995) dan penggunaan komputer menggunakan alat ukur Teachers? Technology Use milik Babell, Russell, & O?Dwyer (2004). Data didapat dari 164 orang partisipan guru sekolah dasar di Jakarta, Bogor, dan Bekasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat hubungan positif signifikan antara CSE dan penggunaan komputer pada guru sekolah dasar (r = 0,486, p = 0,000, L.o.S. 0,01). Berdasar pada hasil penelitian, peneliti menyarankan pihak guru dan sekolah untuk mengupayakan peningkatan CSE guna meningkatkan penggunaan komputernya.

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ABSTRACTThis correlational study was conducted to demonstrate the relationship between computer self-efficacy (CSE) and elementary school teachers? use of computer. CSE is defined as a judgement of one?s capability to use a computer (Compeau & Higgins, 1995) and teachers? use of computer is defined as the frequency of teachers? using computer in the form of preparation, professional e-mail, delivering instruction, accommodation, and grading (Babell, Russell, & O?Dwyer, 2004). CSE was measured by Computer Self-Efficacy Scale (Compeau & Higgins, 1995) and teachers? use of computer was measured by Teachers? Technology Use Scale (Babell, Russell, & O?Dwyer, 2004). Data was collected from 164 elementary school teachers in Jakarta, Bogor, and Bekasi. The main result shows that there is a significant positive correlation between computer self-efficacy and teachers? use of computer on elementary school teachers (r = 0,486, p = 0,000, L.o.S. 0,01). Based on the study result, it is suggested for teachers and schools to work on improving the CSE in order to increase the use of computers.This correlational study was conducted to demonstrate the relationship between computer self-efficacy (CSE) and elementary school teachers? use of computer. CSE is defined as a judgement of one?s capability to use a computer (Compeau & Higgins, 1995) and teachers? use of computer is defined as the frequency of teachers? using computer in the form of preparation, professional e-mail, delivering instruction, accommodation, and grading (Babell, Russell, & O?Dwyer, 2004). CSE was measured by Computer Self-Efficacy Scale (Compeau & Higgins, 1995) and teachers? use of computer was measured by Teachers? Technology Use Scale (Babell, Russell, & O?Dwyer, 2004). Data was collected from 164 elementary school teachers in Jakarta, Bogor, and Bekasi. The main result shows that there is a significant positive correlation between computer self-efficacy and teachers? use of computer on elementary school teachers (r = 0,486, p = 0,000, L.o.S. 0,01). Based on the study result, it is suggested for teachers and schools to work on improving the CSE in order to increase the use of computers."

"ERP merupakan singkatan dari tiga elemen kata, yaitu Enterprise (perusahaan), Resourse (sumber daya) dan Planning (perencanaan). Penelitian ini membahas mengenai pengembangan sistem produk ERP pada PT Pupuk Sriwidjaja dengan pendekatan System Development Life Cycle (SDLC). Analisis kualitatif yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pengembangan sistem yang dilakukan perusahaan sesuai dengan framework SDLC kecuali saat pelaksanaan Business Process Reengineering (BPR) yang umumnya dilakukan bersamaan dengan pemilihan konsultan. Tim proyek memutuskan untuk melakukan Business Process Reengineering (BPR) terlebih dahulu dan melakukan lelang untuk memilih konsultan setelahnya. Alasan dilakukannya BPR terlebih dahulu adalah agar analisis BPR lebih tajam.

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ERP is an abbreviation of the word of three elements, namely Enterprise, Resourse and Planning. This study discusses the development of the ERP system in PT Pupuk Sriwidjaja, based on System Development Life Cycle (SDLC). Qualitative analysis used in this study show that the development of the system by the company has already suitable with the SDLC framework except when implementing Business Process Reengineering (BPR) which is generally performed in conjunction with the selection of consultants. The project team decided to undertake Business Process Reengineering (BPR) and conduct the auction prior to selecting a consultant thereafter. The reason is that BPR has strong analysis."

"ABSTRAKPerkembangan teknologi informasi semakin pesat dapat mengubah proses bisnis suatu organisasi. Begitu pula di bidang pendidikan, keberadaan teknologi informasi seperti e-learning dapat mengubah bentuk pembelajaran. Sejak tahun 2009, UKSW melalui Biro Teknologi dan Sistem Informasi (BTSI) telah memanfaatkan e-learning. Harapan UKSW dengan adanya F-learn adalah seluruh dosen dan mahasiswa memanfaatkan F-learn secara maksimal. Pada kenyataannya, penggunaan F-learn masih rendah. Berdasarkan data activity logs tahun 2011-2012, hanya 7% dari total dosen yang menggunakan F-learn, dan 2% mahasiswa yang telah menggunakan F-learn. Hal ini memicu rasa ingin tahu mengenai faktor-faktor apa saja yang mempengaruhi tingkat penerimaan dosen dan mahasiswa dalam menggunakan F-learn.Kerangka pemikiran yang dirancang pada penelitian ini mengadopsi model Academic Discipline based Unified Theory of Acceptance dan Use of Technology (AUTAUT) dengan mengurangi variabel moderator Voluntariness of Use dan Age. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah kuesioner dengan menggunakan skala likert. Jumlah responden yang didapat adalah 141 responden, tetapi setelah melalui saringan kelayakan menjadi 127 responden.Kemudian untuk pengolahan data menggunakan Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) dengan bantuan software LISREL 8.80 untuk menguji hipotesis-hipotesis yang diajukan. Pengujian hipotesis dilakukan pada model umum, kemudian dilakukan pengujian terhadap setiap moderator, dalam hal ini disiplin akademik, jenis kelamin dan pengalaman.Hasil penelitian ini adalah faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi dosen dan mahasiswa UKSW terhadap penggunaan F-learn. Faktor-faktor yang ditemukan mempengaruhi dosen dan mahasiswa UKSW pada model penerimaan umum dan model ilmu humaniora dalam menggunakan F-learn adalah performance expectancy dan effort expectancy. Sedangkan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi dosen dan mahasiswa UKSW pada model ilmu terapan, model laki-laki, model perempuan dan model pengalaman adalah effort expectancy.

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ABSTRACTThe development of IT is changing rapidly on the business processes of an organization. So the presence of IT such as e-learning can change the form of learning. Since 2009, SWCU through Biro Teknologi dan Sistem Informasi (BTSI) has been utilizing e-learning. Expectation of SWCU with F-learn is the lecturer and students could utilize F-learn the most. In fact, the use of F-learn is still low. Based on data activity logs in 2011-2012, only 7% of lecturers and 2% of students had used F-learn. This triggers curiosity about factors affecting level of acceptance on lecturer and students in using F-learn.Theoretical framework designed on this research adopted from a model of Academic Discipline based Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (AUTAUT) by reducing moderator variables, which are Voluntariness of Use and Age. Data collection methods used in this research are questionnaires which using likert scale. The number of respondents obtained is 141 respondents, but after through sieve process only remains to 127 respondents. Then to process data this research by using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with the help of LISREL 8.80 to test hypotheses posed. The testing of hypotheses is done in general model, then tested towards any moderators, in this research composed of academic discipline, gender and experience.This research result is factors affecting lecturers and students of SWCUthat use F-learn. Factors affecting lecturers and students of SWCU on general model acceptance and studies on humanities’ model in using F-learn are performance expectancy and expectancy effort. While factors affecting lecturers and students of SWCUon the applied science’s model, men’s model, women’s model and experience’s model is effort expectancy."