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"This book presents the results of an international comparative study on the causes of rule deviation in business and medical organizations. Based on document and interview analyses as well as experiments, the discrepancy between (state) regulations and organizational practice is elaborated and discussed in an interdisciplinary perspective. On the basis of the distinction between organizational and individual deviance, it could be shown across national boundaries that the unwritten rules of the organization make a decisive contribution in explaining organizational wrongdoing, as well as their containment. Implications for effective prevention derived from this are also pointed out."

"In recent decades, the liability of public authorities has been one of the main areas of development in and at the edges of tort law in Europe, with major reforms implemented or considered at a national level, and a steady stream of major court decisions. During the same period, 'Member State liability' has also been recognised in the law of the EU, and the interplay of principles of national and EU law - and additionally the 'just satisfaction' jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights - evidently warrants close attention.In this context, the aims of the present study are to contribute to the understanding of the law of extra-contractual liability as it applies to public authorities in the legal systems of Europe (and selected non-European jurisdictions), to facilitate its enhancement where necessary or desirable, and to consider the possibilities for harmonisation in the area - specifically, through the extension and adaptation of the Principles of European Tort Law to cover public authority liability.With contributions by:Bjarte Askeland, Ewa Baginska, Jonathan Cardi, Giovanni Comand�, Eugenia Dacoronia, Jef de Mot, Isabelle Durant, Duncan Fairgrieve, Michael Faure, Israel Gilead, Michael D Green, Anne Keirse, Bernhard A Koch, Fran�ois Lich�re, Piotr Machnikowski, Ulrich Magnus, Miquel Mart�n-Casals, Johann Neethling, Luca Nocco, Ken Oliphant, Maria Jos� Reis Rangel de Mesquita, Jordi Ribot, Lubo� Tich�, Vibe Ulfbeck, Pierre Widmer, B�n�dict Winiger.About the editor:Ken Oliphant is a Professor of Tort Law at the University of Bristol, United Kingdom."