Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"Telah dilakukan penelitian mengenai perilaku asuh induk kanguru pohon kelabu (Dendrolagus inustus) dan perilaku harian anak tanpa keberadaan induk betina, dengan tujuan untuk mengamati perilaku asuh induk betina semasa hidupnya, pengaruh keberadaan jantan pada pengasuhan, dan perilaku harian anak tanpa keberadaan induk betina. Subjek penelitian terdiri dari induk betina dan anak, dengan individu terlibat, induk jantan dan betina dewasa. Penelitian dilakukan dari Oktober 2024 hingga Januari 2025. Pengamatan dilakukan berdasarkan kondisi sosial, yaitu pengasuhan maternal, pengasuhan maternal dengan keberadaan induk jantan, dan perilaku harian anak tanpa induk betina. Pengambilan data menggunakan metode focal animal sampling dengan interval 5 menit tanpa jeda, didukung oleh metode ad libitum. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perilaku asuh yang teramati saat ada dan tanpa induk jantan adalah membawa anak dalam kantung, menyusui, menjaga anak, penyediaan makanan, lokomosi, dan grooming, serta perilaku agonistik. Perilaku harian anak tanpa induk betina didominasi oleh istirahat, diikuti makan, grooming, dan lokomosi di kandang dalam secara arboreal, serta terjadi interaksi terhadap betina dewasa melalui pendekatan dan penghindaran. Kesimpulannya adalah perilaku asuh induk betina yang teramati sesuai perilaku pengasuhan alami marsupial, keberadaan induk jantan memengaruhi durasi perilaku asuh, dan perilaku harian anak tanpa induk betina serupa perilaku harian alami kanguru pohon di penangkaran.

---

A study about parental care of Grizzled tree-kangaroo Dendrolagus inustus) and juvenile day-time behavior without maternal presence has been conducted, which aimed to observe maternal behavior during the mother's lifetime, male presence influence on maternal behavior, and day-time behavior of juvenile after the mother’s death. The study subjects consisted of the mother and juvenile, along with involved individuals, male parent and adult female. The research was conducted from October 2024 to January 2025. Observations were done based on social conditions: maternal care, maternal care with male presence, and juvenile’s day-time behavior. Behavioral data were collected using the focal animal sampling method at five minute intervals without interlude, supported by ad libitum method. Maternal behavior observed in both conditions included carrying young in pouch, nursing, guarding, food provisioning, locomotion, grooming, and agonistic behaviors. Day-time behavior of the juvenile was dominated by resting, followed by feeding, grooming, and locomotion in the enclosure arboreally, along with social interactions with the adult female by approach and avoidance from the juvenile. The study concludes that maternal behaviors aligned with natural marsupial behavior, maternal care were influenced by male presence, and juvenile’s day-time behavior without the mother remained consistent with typical captive tree-kangaroo behavior. "

"Faktor keberhasilan perkawinan yang dilakukan jantan dengan betina penting untuk mempertahankan dan meningkatkan jumlah populasi, tetapi pola pengasuhan induk dalam mengasuh anaknya juga penting untuk diperhatikan dalam keberlangsungan perkembangan anak. Perilaku pengasuhan kanguru seperti menyusui, menggendong (di dalam kantung), penyediaan makanan, menjaga, dan grooming. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perilaku asuh induk (maternal care) kanguru tanah di Taman Margasatwa Ragunan, Jakarta dan pengaruh perilaku maternal care terhadap penurunan populasi kanguru tanah. Subjek penelitian ini, yaitu satu induk kanguru tanah (Desi) dan satu anak kanguru tanah (Septi). Metode pada penelitian ini yaitu focal animal sampling dan ad libitum sampling Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, menunjukkan frekuensi total perilaku asuh induk (maternal care) kanguru tanah terbanyak merupakan perilaku afiliatif, yaitu grooming sebanyak 37 kali, kemudian diikuti dengan perilaku agonistik, yaitu mother aggressions (13 kali), dan perilaku menyusui (8 kali). Activity budget atau durasi aktivitas maternal care tertinggi yang dilakukan oleh induk kanguru tanah terdapat pada perilaku afiliatif, yaitu perilaku menyusui sebesar 75%, dengan durasi 40,15 menit, diikuti dengan grooming sebesar 23% (12,38 menit), dan perilaku agonsitik yaitu, mother aggressions sebesar 1,80% (1 menit). Maternal care dapat memengaruhi penurunan populasi dari adanya kematian pada anak.

---

The success factor of mating between males and females is important for maintaining and increasing the population, but parenting patterns in raising their children are also important to note in the continuity of child development. Kangaroo parenting behaviors such as breastfeeding, carrying (in the pouch), food provisioning, guarding, and grooming. This study aims to analyze the maternal care behavior of agile wallaby (Macropus agilis Gould, 1841) in Ragunan Wildlife Park, Jakarta and the effect of maternal care behavior on the agile wallaby populations. The subjects of this study were one mother agile wallaby (Desi) and one young agile wallaby (Septi). The methods in this study were focal animal sampling and ad libitum sampling. Based on the results of the study, the highest total frequency of agile wallaby maternal behavior was affiliative behavior, namely grooming 37 times, followed by agonistic behavior, namely mother aggression (13 times), and breastfeeding behavior (8 times). The highest activity budget or duration of maternal care activities carried out by agile wallaby was affiliative behavior, namely breastfeeding behavior was 75%, with a duration of 40.15 minutes, followed by grooming was 23% (12.38 minutes), and agonistic behavior namely, maternal aggression was 1.80% (1 minute). Maternal care can affect population decline due to child mortality."

"Kondisi di penangkaran berbeda dengan kondisi di habitat alami. Hal tersebut dapat memengaruhi perilaku, salah satunya ialah perilaku pengasuhan. Telah dilakukan penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui perilaku pengasuhan monyet hitam sulawesi Macaca nigra di Taman Margasatwa Ragunan. Subjek penelitian terdiri dari tiga individu yaitu induk betina, induk jantan dan anak. Pengambilan data perilaku pengasuhan M. nigra menggunakan metode focal animal sampling dan ad libitum sampling dengan interval waktu 10 menit tanpa jeda selama 25 hari dengan total waktu pengamatan 7500 menit. Pengamatan dilakukan selama lima hari dalam satu minggu. Waktu pengamatan dalam satu hari dimulai dari pukul 09.00--15.00 WIB. Perilaku pengasuhan yang teramati meliputi perilaku menggendong, menelisik, mendekat, istirahat, bergerak, kontak tubuh, menyusui dan penolakan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa induk betina mendominasi perilaku pengasuhan, sementara induk jantan hanya melakukan perilaku penolakan. Rerata persentase perilaku pengasuhan tertinggi yang dilakukan induk yaitu menggendong 29,45 10,97 dan terendah yaitu perilaku penolakan 0,12 0,21.

---

Conditions in captivity are different from those in natural habitats. It can affect animal behavior, one of them is parenting behavior. Research has been conducted to know the parenting behavior of celebes black macaques Macaca nigra in Taman Margasatwa Ragunan. Subject of the study consists of three individuals, female parent, male parent and infant. Data of parenting behavior of M. nigra is collected using focal animal sampling and ad libitum sampling methods with 10 minutes interval without interlude for 25 days with a total time of 7500 minutes. Observations were made five days a week. Observation time in one day starting from 09 00 to 15 00 pm. Parenting activities observed include cradling, allogrooming, approaching, resting, moving, body contact, nipple contact and rejection. The results show that the female parent dominates parenting behavior, while the male parent only show rejecting behavior. The highest percentage of parenting behaviors performed by the parent was cradling 29,45 10,97 and the lowest was rejection behavior 0,12 0,21."

"Banteng jawa (Bos javanicus javanicus) merupakan spesies yang terancam punah akibat berbagai aktivitas manusia, sehingga perlu dilakukan konservasi secara ex-situ seperti di Taman Margasatwa Ragunan. Masalah baru, yaitu inbreeding, terjadi sehingga dilakukan pertukaran individu banteng jawa berdasarkan rekomendasi Global Species Management Plans (GSMP) untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perilaku reproduksi dan interaksi banteng jawa jantan dan betina yang dipasangkan melalui program GSMP. Subjek penelitian ini adalah satu individu banteng jawa jantan (J1) asal Taman Margasatwa Ragunan, yang dipasangkan dengan satu banteng jawa betina (B1) asal Taman Safari Prigen, serta satu banteng jawa betina (B2) asal Taman Margasatwa Ragunan. Penelitian dilakukan selama dua bulan (Januari—Maret 2024) sebanyak 5 (lima) kali dalam sepekan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan merupakan scan sampling dan ad libitum dengan interval 5 (lima) menit tanpa jeda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persentase perilaku harian tertinggi pada J1 dan B1 merupakan perilaku makan, diikuti dengan perilaku istirahat dan lokomosi. Persentase perilaku sosial positif, seperti approaching dan allogrooming, antara J1 dengan B1 tinggi, tetapi agonistic action juga cukup tinggi. Perilaku sosial yang paling dominan teramati merupakan perilaku approaching yang dilakukan J1 terhadap B1. Perilaku reproduksi berupa sniffing genitalia, licking genitalia, dan flehmen dapat teramati. Persentase perilaku reproduksi antara J1 dengan B1 yang dipasangkan lebih rendah dibandingkan J1 dengan B2, sedangkan perilaku mounting hingga kopulasi tidak teramati.

---

Javan banteng (Bos javanicus javanicus) is a species that is categorized endangered due to various human activities that lead to the need for ex-situ conservation, such as in Taman Margasatwa Ragunan. Another problem that is inbreeding occurred, then the javan banteng were exchanged based on the recommendations of the Global Species Management Plans (GSMP) to solve this problem. This study aims to analyze the reproductive behavior and interactions of male and female javan banteng that was paired through the GSMP. The subject of this study was a male javan banteng (J1) from Taman Margasatwa Ragunan that was paired with a female javan banteng (B1) from Taman Safari Prigen, and a female javan banteng (B2) from Taman Margasatwa Ragunan. This study was conducted from January to March 2024 for 5 days a week. The research methods used were scan sampling and ad libitum with 5 minutes intervals without pause. The results showed that the highest percentage of daily behavior of J1 and B1 was eating behavior, followed by resting and locomotion behavior. Percentage of positive social behaviors, such as approaching and allogrooming between J1 and B1 was high, but the agonistic actions was also quite high. The most dominant social behavior observed was approaching behavior of J1 towards B1. Reproductive behaviors such as sniffing genitalia, licking genitalia, and flehmen were observed. Reproductive behaviors between J1 and B1, that was paired, are found lower than J1 and B2. Mounting and copulation behavior were not observed."

"Lutung budeng (Trachypithecus auratus), primata endemik Indonesia berstatus rentan (VU), menghadapi penurunan populasi sehingga studi perilaku di fasilitas konservasi ex-situ krusial untuk mendukung pelestariannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pola perilaku harian dan interaksi sosial tiga individu lutung budeng (jantan dewasa J1, betina dewasa B dengan neonatal, jantan muda J2) dalam kelompok dengan struktur unik di Pusat Primata Schmutzer (PPS), Taman Margasatwa Ragunan, selama Januari-Maret 2025. Pengamatan perilaku makan, istirahat, bergerak, serta interaksi sosial (afiliatif, agonistik, seksual) dilakukan menggunakan metode scan sampling dan ad-libitum, dengan analisis deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil menunjukkan istirahat sebagai perilaku harian dominan (B 49,96%; J1 47,41%; J2 41,94%). Jantan muda (J2) menunjukkan aktivitas makan (21,38%) dan lokomosi (36,69%) tertinggi, sedangkan betina (B) menunjukkan lokomosi terendah terkait pengasuhan neonatal. Interaksi sosial didominasi perilaku afiliatif (90,63−99,77%), terutama duduk berdekatan, dengan kejadian tertinggi pada interaksi J1-B, dan tingkat agonistik yang sangat rendah. Perilaku seksual produktif hanya teramati pada interaksi J1-B, yang berkontribusi pada keberhasilan reproduksi berkelanjutan (kelahiran J2 dan neonatal). Disimpulkan bahwa lutung budeng di PPS menunjukkan adaptasi yang baik, tercermin dari perilaku alami normal, ketiadaan perilaku stereotipe, dan dinamika sosial yang stabil.

---

The ebony langur (rachypithecus auratus), an endemic Indonesian primate classified as vulnerable (VU), is facing a population decline, rendering behavioural studies in ex-situ conservation facilities crucial for supporting its preservation. This research aimed to analyse the daily behavioural patterns and social interactions of three ebony langur individuals (adult male J1, adult female B with a neonate, and juvenile male J2) within a uniquely structured group at the Schmutzer Primate Centre (SPC), Taman Margasatwa Ragunan, from January to March 2025. Observations of feeding, resting, and movement behaviours, alongside social interactions (affiliative, agonistic, sexual), were conducted using scan sampling and ad-libitum methods, with quantitative descriptive analysis. The results indicated that resting was the predominant daily behaviour (B 49,96%; J1 47,41%; J2 41.94%). The juvenile male (J2) exhibited the highest levels of feeding (21,38%) and locomotion (36,69%), whilst the female (B) displayed the lowest locomotion, associated with neonatal care. Social interactions were dominated by affiliative behaviours (90,63-99,77%), primarily sitting in close proximity, with the highest frequency observed in the J1-B interaction, and very low levels of agonistic behaviour. Productive sexual behaviour was only observed in the J1-B interaction, contributing to sustained reproductive success (the births of J2 and the neonate). It was concluded that the ebony langurs at SPC demonstrate good adaptation, reflected in their normal natural behaviours, the absence of stereotypical behaviours, and stable social dynamics. "

"Lutung perak (Trachypithecus cristatus) tergolong ke dalam status vulnerable berdasarkan IUCN yang menyebabkan salah satu lembaga konservasi ex-situ yakni Taman Margasatwa Ragunan berperan dalam melestarikannya. Perubahan kondisi lingkungan yang signifikan dapat memunculkan gejala stres sehingga mereka harus menyesuaikan diri di lingkungan yang baru. Dalam proses tersebut, penting untuk melihat perilaku yang dapat terdampak salah satunya perilaku pengasuhan anak (parental care). Terdapat tipe pengasuhan berupa alloparental care pada lutung perak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perilaku pengasuhan anak pada lutung perak di luar habitat aslinya yang berada di Pusat Primata Schmutzer, Taman Margasatwa Ragunan. Terdapat 7 individu yang menjadi subjek penelitian, yaitu dua jantan dewasa, tiga betina dewasa, satu betina remaja dan satu anak lutung perak. Metode dalam penelitian ini berupa scan sampling dan ad-libitum sampling. Berdasarkan hasil, terdapat 9 perilaku dengan nilai rata-rata tertinggi berupa feeding sebesar 15,6 kali saat hari libur satwa dan breastfeeding sebesar 14,3 kali saat akhir pekan. Secara keseluruhan pengasuhan anak lutung perak di Taman Margasatwa Ragunan tergolong baik karena tidak memunculkan perilaku agonistik.

---

The silver langur (Trachypithecus cristatus) is classified as vulnerable according to the IUCN, which causes one of the ex-situ conservation institutions, Ragunan Wildlife Park, to play a role in preserving it. Significant changes in environmental conditions can lead to symptoms of stress so that they must adjust to the new environment. In this process, it is important to look at behaviors that can be affected, one of which is parental care behavior. There is a type of alloparental care in silver langurs. This study aims to analyze parenting behavior in silver langurs outside their natural habitat at the Schmutzer Primate Center, Ragunan Zoo. There were 7 individuals that became the subject of the study, namely two adult males, three adult females, one juvenile female and one infant silver langur. The methods in this study were scan sampling and ad-libitum sampling. Based on the results, there were 9 behaviors with the highest average value of feeding 15,6 times during animal holidays and breastfeeding 14,3 times on weekends. Overall, the parenting of silver langur children in Ragunan Wildlife Park is classified as good because it does not cause agonistic behavior."

"Telah dilakukan penelitian terhadap enam ekor gajah sumatera di Taman Margasatwa Ragunan yang terdiri dari dua jantan Harli dan Pangeran dan empat betina Mulyani, Putri, Agustin, dan Lestari, yang bertujuan untuk mengamati perilaku harian individu dan perilaku sosial gajah sumatera. Pengamatan ke-6 ekor gajah sumatera dilakukan selama 40 hari yang dimulai pada 05 Februari mdash;07 April 2018 pukul 08.00 mdash;15.00 WIB. Metode yang digunakan yaitu scan sampling dan ad libitum sampling dengan interval waktu 30 menit tanpa jeda. Perilaku harian yang diamati meliputi perilaku makan, minum, berkubang, bergerak, dan istirahat, sedangkan perilaku sosial yang diamati meliputi perilaku parental care, feeding behaviour, bermain dan interaksi terhadap perawat satwa. Dari hasil pengamatan didapatkan bahwa perilaku harian individu gajah sumatera didominasi oleh perilaku bergerak dengan rerata persentase sebesar 86,85 , sedangkan perilaku sosial gajah sumatera di dominasi oleh perilaku parental care dengan rerata persentase sebesar 26,62.

---

A study of six sumatran elephants in Taman Margasatwa Ragunan consisting of two males Harli and Pangeran and four females Mulyani, Putri, Agustin, and Lestari, were aimed at observing the individual daily behavior and social behavior of sumatran elephants. The observation of the six sumatran elephants was conducted for 40 days starting on 05 February mdash 07 April 2018 at 08.00 15.00 WIB. The method used is scan sampling and ad libitum sampling with time interval 30 minutes without pause. Daily behaviors observed included eating, drinking, wallowing, moving, and resting behaviors, while observed social behaviors included parental care behavior, feeding behavior, play and interaction with animal keepers. From the observation result, it is found that the daily behavior of sumatran elephant is dominated by moving behavior with the average percentage of 86.85, while the social behavior of sumatran elephant is dominated by parental care behavior with the average percentage of 26.62."

"Telah dilakukan penelitian terhadap perilaku sosial dan reproduksi bekantan Nasalis larvatus Wurmb, 1781 di Taman Margasatwa Ragunan. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi interaksi sosial bekantan jantan dengan bekantan betina dalam kelompok, mengevaluasi interaksi sosial apa saja yang terjadi antarbekantan betina, serta mengevaluasi perilaku reproduksi pada bekantan jantan dan betina. Metode yang digunakan yaitu scan sampling dan ad libitum dengan interval waktu 5 lima menit tanpa jeda. Waktu pengamatan dalam satu hari yaitu selama 6 jam 30 menit dan dilaksanakan pada bulan Februari-April 2017. Subjek pengamatan yaitu satu kelompok bekantan yang terdiri dari satu jantan J dan dua betina B1 dan B2 . Interaksi sosial yang terjadi menunjukkan rendahnya perilaku agresi dan tingginya perilaku afiliatif. Perilaku reproduksi antara J dengan B2 ditemukan lebih tinggi dibanding antara J dengan B1. Berdasarkan uji t yang dilakukan pada ? =0,05, frekuensi perilaku reproduksi antara kedua pasangan berbeda secara signifikan dengan nilai P = 0,18. Frekuensi vokalisasi tertinggi dilakukan oleh J yang didominasi oleh vokalisasi bernada rendah, sedangkan vokalisasi yang dilakukan betina cenderung bernada tinggi. Perilaku branch shake dan threat yang ditujukan untuk objek selain bekantan lebih sering dilakukan oleh jantan daripada betina. Selama pengamatan subjek jarang terlihat memanfaatkan kolam dan ditemukan pula beberapa perilaku yang diduga stereotipe.

---

The research about social and reproductive behaviour of proboscis monkey Nasalis larvatus Wurmb, 1781 in Taman Margasatwa Ragunan has been done. The purposes of the research are to evaluate the social interactions between male and females in the group, to evaluate kind of interactions that happened between the females, and to evaluate the reproduction behaviours between male and females. The methods that are used are scan sampling and ad libitum with 5 five minutes interval without pause. The time of observation in one day is 6 hours and 30 minutes long and was done on February April 2017. The subject of the research is one group of proboscis monkey consists of one male J and two females B1 and B2. The social interactions that happened shows aggression behaviours are lower than affiliative behaviours. The reproduction behaviours between J and B2 are found higher than in J and B1.

Based on the t test that has been done in 0,05, the frequencies of the reproduction behaviours in these two couples is significantly different with P value 0,18. The highest frequency of vocalization is done by J with low tone vocalization domination, while the vocalization by females tend to be in high tone. The branch shake and threat behaviours that are shown to other objects besides proboscis monkey are more frequently done by male rather than female. During observation, subjects are rarely seen to use the pond and some behaviours that expected as stereotype are found. "

"Anoa dataran rendah kini berstatus terancam punah sehingga perlu dikonservasi secara ex-situ seperti di Taman Margasatwa Ragunan (TMR). Ditemukannya kasus perkawinan sedarah anoa di TMR mendorong mereka untuk terlibat dalam program collaborative captive breeding antarhabitat ex-situ di bawah pedoman Global Species Management Plan (GSMP) untuk meningkatkan keragaman genetik anoa. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis perilaku sosial dan reproduksi anoa jantan di TMR untuk mengevaluasi kesiapannya sebelum dipasangkan dengan anoa betina hasil pertukaran. Pengamatan terhadap satu ekor anoa jantan dewasa dilakukan selama 2 bulan (Januari—Maret 2024) dengan metode scan sampling dan ad libitum, mencakup 60 sampling point dari 38 hari pengamatan. Hasil menunjukkan variasi aktivitas harian dan kecenderungan berinteraksi secara sosial dan reproduktif oleh anoa jantan, ditandai dengan perilaku approaching, vocalization, dan sniffing (termasuk flehmen) meski terhalang pagar pemisah dengan anoa betina di kandang sebelahnya. Anoa jantan secara keseluruhan menunjukkan ketertarikan dan pendekatan aktif untuk berinteraksi sosial dan reproduksi, sehingga dapat mendukung potensi keberhasilan program breeding.

---

The lowland anoa is an endangered species which requires ex-situ conservation efforts like those at Taman Margasatwa Ragunan (TMR). Inbreeding cases discovered at TMR prompted their participation in a collaborative captive breeding program guided by the Global Species Management Plan (GSMP) aimed at increasing the genetic diversity of anoa. This study focused on observing the social and reproductive behavior of a male anoa at TMR as part of evaluating his readiness to be paired with an exchange-bred female anoa. The observation of one adult male anoa was conducted for two months (January—March 2024) using scan sampling and ad libitum method, covering 60 sampling points from 38 observation days. The results revealed that male anoa engaged in various daily activities and exhibited a propensity for social and reproductive behaviors, such as approaching, vocalization, and sniffing (including flehmen), despite being separated by fences from a female anoa in the adjacent enclosure. The overall observations suggest that male anoa displayed interest and actively sought social and reproductive interactions, supporting the potential success of the breeding program."