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"Pasal 27 Ayat (3) Undang-Undang tentang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik (UU ITE) telah mengalami dua kali perubahan sejak pertama kali disahkan pada tahun 2008. Perubahan pertama melalui Undang-Undang Nomor 19 Tahun 2016 hanya menambahkan penjelasan substansi, sedangkan perubahan kedua melalui Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2024 menggantikan Pasal 27 Ayat (3) menjadi Pasal 27A UU ITE dan mengubah rumusan pasalnya. Meskipun mengalami perubahan yang signifikan, Pasal 27A masih mengandung ambiguitas makna. Penelitian ini mengkaji ambiguitas polisemi dalam Pasal 27A UU ITE untuk memberikan kejelasan dalam penerapan hukum terkait pencemaran nama baik dan kebebasan berekspresi di ruang digital. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif, serta fokus pada analisis linguistik forensik untuk mengidentifikasi ambiguitas polisemi dalam Pasal 27A UU ITE. Hasil analisis menujukan bahwa Pasal 27A UU ITE telah dirancang dengan baik secara linguistik, namun penjelasan dalam undang-undang perlu dilengkapi untuk memberikan batasan yang lebih tegas dan terperinci. Upaya ini diharapkan mampu mendukung konsistensi penerapan hukum, meminimalkan potensi penyalahgunaan, dan menjaga kebebasan berekspresi, terutama dalam ruang digital yang terus berkembang.

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The 27 Paragraph (3) of the Law on Electronic Information and Transactions (ITE Law) has undergone two amendments since its initial enactment in 2008. The first amendment, through Law Number 19 of 2016, introduced additional substantive explanations. The second amendment, through Law Number 1 of 2024, replaced Paragraph 27 (3) with Paragraph 27A of the ITE Law, revising its formulation. Despite these significant changes, Paragraph 27A still contains semantic ambiguities. This study examines the polysemous ambiguities in Paragraph 27A of the ITE Law to clarify its application in legal practice, particularly concerning defamation and freedom of expression in digital spaces. Using a qualitative method with a descriptive approach, this research focuses on forensic linguistic analysis to identify polysemous ambiguities in Paragraph 27A of the ITE Law. The findings indicate that Paragraph 27A of the ITE Law is linguistically well-constructed; however, the explanatory section of the law requires further elaboration to provide clearer and more detailed boundaries. This effort is expected to support consistent legal application, minimize potential misuse, and safeguard freedom of expression, particularly in the evolving digital landscape."

"The rapid development of information technology has been totally changed a conventional trading system. With convention trading system is meant that papers and signature are important substances and uses as authentic proven of a trading transaction, whilst in the case of electronic commerce is meant that documents and massages sent by electronic mail or website are used as legal basis as authentic proven of a trading transaction. Therefore, electronic information in the e-com became an important substance of legal ground of trading transaction. The Information and Electronic Transaction Law No. 11 year 2008 declares that electronic information and/or electronic document and/or the print-out of electronic information have become a valid avident for legal proven. The question is how to know technically that the documents of electronic information are proven as authentic document in the legal point of view. There are at least five eminent requisites for proving electronic document such as, authenticity, integrity, reliability, secrecy, and genuiness/originality of the electronic information."

"Pemanfaatan sistem elektronik yang semakin meluas, meningkatkan kebutuhan pengaturan perlindungan privacy dan data pribadi yang lebih lengkap dan menyeluruh, khususnya mengenai tanggung jawab penyelenggara jasa sistem elektronik atas pemanfaatan data pribadi. Pengkajian yang dilaksanakan mencakup praktek pengaturan perlindungan yang dilaksanakan di USA, Uni Eropa, APEC, serta di Indonesia. Penelitian menyimpulkan adanya urgensi penyusunan suatu UU perlindungan privacy dan data pribadi yang menyeluruh, yang mensinergikan pendekatan subyektif, pendekatan obyektif dan peran dari institusi profesional yang independen, dengan berdasarkan kepada Konstitusi.Disarankan agar selama UU mengenai Perlindungan Privacy dan Data Pribadi belum tersedia, pengaturan dalam PP No.82 tahun 2012 digunakan secara lebih optimal.

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Utilization of electronic systems increasingly widespread, increasing the need for a privacy protection and personal data regulation which is more complete and thorough, especially regarding responsibility of service provider of electronic systems for the utilization of personal data. The scope of analysis include the protection regulation practices conducted in the USA, EU, APEC, as well as in Indonesia.

The study concludes that there is urgency of drafting a complete law on protection of privacy and personal data, which synergize subjective approach, objective approach and the role of independent professional institutions, based on constitution. Highly recommended to use the article on Government Regulation (PP) No.82 Year 2012 optimally while the Law on the Protection of Privacy and Personal Data are not yet available."

"On electronic crimes according to the Indonesian law of the year 2008 concerning electronic informations and transactions."