Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"Innate and adaptive immunity play important roles in immunosurveillance and tumor destruction. This book discusses recent progress in innate immunity and Treg cells, and the regulation of innate immunity through Toll-like receptor (TLR) signalling."

"“Nerve-Driven Immunity: Neurotransmitters and Neuropeptides in the Immune System” summarizes, analyzes and sheds new light on an unrecognized, yet very important role of key neurotransmitters and neuropeptides in the immune system.Each chapter of the book deals with a different neurotransmitter/neuropeptide from the following list: Dopamine, Adrenaline, Noradrenaline, Acetylcholine, Glutamate, GABA, Somatostatin, Neuropeptide Y (NPY), Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), Calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP), Opioids and Cannabinoids.The book includes many original figures, overview tables, and proposed models of events which are instrumental, enriching and stimulating for the reader.In light of the above-mentioned aspects, “Nerve-Driven Immunity: Neurotransmitters and Neuropeptides in the Immune System” is ideally suited as a textbook for new courses in Immunology, Neurology, Neuro-immunology or Pharmacology.The book chapters were written by highly skilled authors from 10 countries: the USA, the United Kingdom, Italy, Israel, Sweden, France, Germany, Spain, Serbia and Romania."

"Latar Belakang: Pandemi COVID-19 telah mempercepat pengembangan vaksin secara global, namun efektivitas vaksin pada populasi lansia masih menjadi perhatian utama karena adanya fenomena imunosenesens. Penelitian ini bertujuan membandingkan respons imun humoral dan seluler terhadap vaksin COVID-19 platform virus utuh inaktif antara kelompok lansia dan dewasa muda.Metode: Studi prospektif dilakukan di wilayah Jakarta-Bogor Indonesia selama Januari hingga Desember 2023, melibatkan 74 subjek yang dibagi menjadi dua kelompok: lansia (60-85 tahun, n=37) dan dewasa muda (30-40 tahun, n=37). Sampel darah dikumpulkan pasca vaksinasi booster-1 dan 4 minggu pasca vaksinasi booster-2. Parameter imun humoral yang dianalisis meliputi subkelas IgG dan sVNT, sedangkan respons imun seluler mencakup populasi sel T (naif, memori, senesens) serta mediator sitokin TNF-α, IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, dan IFN-γ. Analisis perbandingan dilakukan menggunakan uji-t berpasangan dan uji Mann-Whitney.Hasil: Pada respons humoral, lansia menunjukkan perbedaan pola subkelas IgG dengan peningkatan IgG4 dan penurunan IgG3 pasca booster, namun tidak terdapat perbedaan kemampuan netralisasi antibodi antara kedua kelompok. Secara seluler, populasi CD8+ senesens dan memori lebih tinggi pada lansia sesudah booster-2 (p<0,001), sementara CD8+ naif lebih rendah (p<0,001). Tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna CD4+ pada lansia dan dewasa muda kecuali CD4+ memori pada pasca booster-1 pada lansia lebih tinggi dibandingkan dewasa muda (P<0,002). Mediator sitokin menunjukkan pola berbeda dimana TNF-α meningkat signifikan pada dewasa muda pasca booster-2 (p=0,004), IL-2 meningkat pada lansia dan IFN-γ menunjukkan peningkatan lebih signifikan pada lansia.Kesimpulan: respons imun humoral pada lansia relatif setara dengan dewasa muda, namun terdapat perbedaan signifikan dalam respons imun seluler, terutama pada populasi CD8+ dan mediator sitoin. Temuan ini menekankan pentingnya strategi vaksinasi yang disesuaikan bagi populasi lansia dengan mempertimbangkan aspek imunosenesens.

---

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated vaccine development, but effectiveness in the elderly remains a concern due to immunosenescence. This study compares humoral and cellular immune responses to an inactivated COVID-19 vaccine between elderly and young adults.

Methods: A prospective study was conducted in the Jakarta-Bogor region of Indonesia from January to December 2023, involving 74 subjects divided into two groups: elderly (60–85 years, n=37) and young adults (30–40 years, n=37). Blood samples were collected after the first booster vaccination and 4 weeks after the second booster vaccination. Humoral immune parameters analyzed included IgG subclasses and sVNT, while cellular immune responses included T cell populations (naive, memory, senescent) and cytokines mediators TNF-α, IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, and IFN-γ. Comparative analysis was performed using paired t-tests and the Mann-Whitney test.

Results: In terms of humoral response, the elderly showed a different IgG subclass pattern with an increase in IgG4 and a decrease in IgG3 post-booster, but there was no difference in antibody neutralization capacity between the two groups. At the cellular level, CD8+ senescent and memory populations were significantly higher in the elderly after the second booster (p<0.001). There was no significant difference in CD4+ cells between the elderly and young adults, except for memory CD4+ cells, which were higher in the elderly post–first booster (p<0.002). Cytokines mediators showed differing patterns: TNF-α significantly increased in young adults after the second booster (p=0.004), IL-2 increased in the elderly, and IFN-γ showed a more significant increase in young elderly

Conclusion: The humoral immune response in the elderly is relatively comparable to that in young adults; however, there are significant differences in the cellular immune response, particularly in CD8+ populations and cellular immunity mediators. These findings highlight the need for age-specific vaccination strategies."

"Latar Belakang : Infeksi sering didapatkan pada pasien kenker nasofaring yang menjalani kemoterapi. Infeksi disebabkan oleh rusaknya barier fisik karena efek kemoterapi atau efek kemoterapi yang akan menurunkan imunitas tubuh,Infeksi pasca kemoterapi akan menunda kemoterapi berikutnya, akibatnya respon kemoterapi menjadi tidak optimal. Tujuan : Mendapatkan data status imunitas selular primer dan sekunder, pasca kemoterapi neoajuvan 3 siklus, data kekerapan infeksi dan perbandingan kekerapan infeksi pada pasien KNF stadium lanjut yang mendapatkan kemoterapi neoadjuvan 3 siklus pada pasien kanker nasofaring stadium lanjut, antara yang imunitas selular menurun dan yang tidak menurun. Metode : Penelitian one group before and after observasional, 1 kelompok tanpa kontrol selama 3 bulan di gedung A lantai 8 RSCM, juli ndash; september 2015.Penurunan rerata jumlah lekosit, netrofil, CD4 , CD8, kejadian infeksi dianalisis bivariat dengan uji T berpasangan atau uji Mann Whitney.Penelitian ini juga melihat kekerapan kejadian infejsi post kemoterapi neoadjuvan.Penelitian ini menggunakan tingkat kemaknaan 0,005, interval kepercayaan 95. Hasil : Tidak ada penurunan status imunitas selular primer, lekosit p=0,356 dan netrofil p=0,289.Terdapat penurunan status imunitas selular sekunder, CD 4 P=0,002, CD 8 P=0,001, dengan ratio CD 4 /CD 8 tidak berubah rerata CD 4 sudah rendah sejak sebelum kemoterapi.Mukositis oral dan pneumonia merupakan infeksi yang kerap didapatkan. CD4 yang rendah pada kelompok sebelum kemoterapi meningkatkan potensi infeksi selama dan sesudah kemoterapi neoadjuvan.Penurunan imunitas seluler sekunder nilai rerata jumlah CD4 berhubungan dengan peningkatan kejadian infeksi pasca siklus ke 2 p=0,016. Kesimpulan : Tidak terdapat penurunan imunitas selular primer dan didapatkan penurunan imunitas selular sekunder pada pasien karsinoma nasofaring stadium lanjut yang menjalani kemoterapi neoadjuvan 3 siklus.Pada pasien dengan penurunan imunitas selular sekunder terdapat peningkatan kejadian infeksi mukositis oral dan pneumonia CD 4 yang rendah merupakan prediktor kejadian infeksi. Penurunan imunitas selular sekunder hanya akan meningkatkan kejadian infeksi pasca siklus ke 2 kemoterapi neoadjuvan.

---

Background: The infections especially in a the oropharynx often get on cancer patients nasopharyngeal .One of the causes of infection include breakdowns physical mucous barier because the tumor growth or because the effects of chemotherapy and radiation .Chemotherapy and radiation will result in side effects namely the inflammation and ulceration mouth and the oropharynx mucous called mukositis oral.selama endure chemotherapy, besides mukositis oral, infections of the also often found .Chemotherapy resulted in an emphasis on cell production immune response that result in the lekopenia with rob possibilities infection become larger.

The purpose: To asess of immunity cellular status on advanced stage nasaofaringeal patient to get 3 cycle neoadjuvan chemotherapy and assess the incident lung infection and tumor area after undergoing 3 cycle neoadjuvan chemotherapy.

The methode: Research one group before and after observational use 1 group without control. The research was done during the three months in the building a floor 8 Ciptomangunkusumo Hospital juli september 2015. The Data on the background respondents will be analyzed by a sort of descriptive set by using analysis univariat.hubungan between chemotherapy neoadjuvan and an immune response cellular will be analyzed bivariat by test wilcoxon sign rank test. In this research also be seen the proportion of the infection before pre and post chemotherapy neoadjuvan .This research using level evidence 0.05 to the interval trust 95.

Results: From 17 subject of research , 12 subjects 70,6 is laki laki , women made up subjects 29,4 .Median age patient is 46,7 , 10 patients 58,8 less than median age , 7 patients 42,2 more of age median.stadium 4a obtained on 4 patients 23,5 patients , while stadium 4 b obtained on 13 patients 76,5 .Seen from the infection after chemotherapy neoadjuvan 9 subjects 52,8 never would have experienced infection , 8 subjects 47,2 experienced infection. Looks the relationship between chemotherapy neoadjuvan 3 cycle in immunity cellular p 0,007 on cds 4 and p 0,005 on cds 8 , the immunity cellular decline in the infection look after chemotherapy neoadjuvan cycle to 2 p 0,016 on cds 4 while after cycle to 3 not seen the relationship between chemotherapy neoadjuvan 3 cycle in the infection .Count of leukosit and lymphocytes cannot be used to predict a decrease in an immune response cellular after undergoing 3 cycle neoadjuvan chemotherapy.

Conclusions: Immune response decreased on advanced stage nasopharynx carcinoma patient are undergoing 3 cycle neoadjuvan chemotherapy neoadjuvan 3 . The Decreased of cellular immune response has played of increased infection in the lung and tumor area post 2 cycle neoadjuvan chemotherapy. "

"This volume highlights the mechanisms leading to immune privilege in tissues and organs, the deviation of immune responses and the modification of the behavior of the immune cells that manage to cross the blood barriers of tissues, in the context of infection."

"A patient is said to be immuno-compromised (1C) if one or more of his or her natural and adaptive defense mechanisms are unable to function normally. Thus, immuno-compromised patients are easily susceptible to infection. Aim of study; to determine the immune response in immuno-compromised patients that makes them easily susceptible to infection. Method: the study was designed as a cross-sectional analytic observational study using multi-variant statistical tests. The samples were classified into the 1C and Non-iC groups, consisting of 14 people, 10 men, and 4 women, who were examined far the following immunologi-cal variables: IL-10, IFN-y, TNF-a, IL-I& IgG, C3, and C4. The results demonstrated a significant difference in the immune response of subjects from the 1C and NIC groups (p<0.05), with a significantly higher TNF-Ct, IL-10 and IgG levels, and a lower C3 level in the 1C group. Conclusion: during 1C conditions, there is a disorder in the natural as well as adaptive C3 natural immune system, making patients more susceptible to infection."

"Invigorate your health and prolong your life - naturally - with the power of herbs such as echinacea and goldenseal. Advocates of both natural and conventional medicine will be surprised by the proven power and fascinating lore that renowned herbalist Paul Bergner unearths as he develops a practical understanding of the best use of herbs to fight colds, prevent flu, overcome chronic infection, heal periodontal disease, treat urinary tract infections, help your body fight cancer and AIDS, avoid autoimmune disorders, and more. A detailed list of herbal remedies for specific illnesses, information on proper dosages, and a glossary of immune system terminology round out this indispensable resource"