Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"This book provides a comprehensive overview of the development of metabolic syndrome, the underlying mechanisms and therapeutic strategies for drug development. The authors examine the context of underlying molecular pathways and integrated physiology, then expanding the discussion to diseases associated with metabolic syndrome. The development of drug therapies for these diseases and complications is extensively covered. The book offers a comprehensive and in-depth view of energy metabolism, metabolic tissues and pathways, molecular mechanism-based drug discovery and clinical implications."

"LATAR BELAKANG : Stroke iskemik merupakan manifestasi aterosklerosis yang prosesnya dimulai jauh sebelum terjadinya serangan stroke. Bila seseorang mempunyai faktor risiko seperti hipertensi, diabetes melitus, hiperlipidemia, dan lain-lain, proses patologis yang sedang berjalan akan dipercepat sesuai jumlah faktor risiko .Sindroma metabolik bila ditemukan tiga atau lebih komponen hipertensi, obesitas sentral, hipertrigliserida, HDL kolesterol yang rendah, dan gula darah puasa yang tinggi. Dengan mendapatkan sindroma metabolik pada anak dari penderita stroke iskemik dapat dilakukan pencegahan primer.TUJUAN : Melihat gambaran sindroma metabolik pada anak dari penderita stroke iskemik dan sebaran komponennyaMETODOLOGI : Penelitian deskriptif analitik pada 87 orang anak dari penderita stroke iskemik, berusia antara 20 - 50 tahun. Dilakukan pemeriksaan tekanan darah, lingkar pinggang, kadar trigliserida , HDL kolesterol dan gula darah puasa.HASIL : 31% anak dari penderita stroke iskemik menderita sindroma metabolic. Laki-laki lebih sering dibanding perempuan. Komponen sindroma metabolik yang sering ditemui adalah HDL kolesterol yang rendah, hipertrigliserida dan obesitas sentral. Bila yang menderita stroke iskemik ayah maka lebih sering sindroma metabolik ditemukan pada anak dengan usia lebih muda. Jika ibu yang menderita stroke iskemik, kemungkinan anak menderita sindroma metabolik lebih sering pada anak laki-Iaki dengan usia lebih tua. Etnis sunda kejadian sindroma metabolik lebih rendah dibanding etnis lainnya.KESIMPULAN : Anak dari penderita stroke iskemik merupakan populasi utama untuk terjadinya aterosklerosis yang merupakan keadaan vaskuler beresiko menjadi stroke iskemik dimasa mendatang. Sindroma metabolik dengan komponen HDL kolesterol rendah, hipertrigliserida, dan obesitas sentral ditemukan lebih sering pada anak laki-laki dari penderita stroke iskemik, dan lebih jarang pada etnis sunda.

---

Background ; ischemic stroke is a manifestation of arteriosclerosis which have a long-term and gradual process before manifested. If a person has risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus and hyperlipidemia, pathologic process would be accelerated according to the number of risk factors he has. Nowadays, the term of metabolic syndrome is introduced in a person who has three or more of these components: hypertension, central obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, tow HDL cholesterol and high level of fasting blood glucose. In finding metabolic syndrome in the ischemic stroke patients' descendant, primary prevention can be done.

Objectives ;The objective of this study is knowing the pattern of metabolic syndrome and it's component in ischemic stroke patients' descendants

Methods ;We performed descriptive and analytic study in 87 subjects of 20-50 years-old by examined blood pressure, waist diameters, triglyceride level, HDL-cholesterol level and fasting blood glucose level.

Results ;We found 31% of subjects who have metabolic syndrome which was more frequent in man. Among metabolic syndrome components, low level of HDL-cholesterol is the most frequent, followed by hypertriglyceridemia, and central obesity. Metabolic syndrome is more frequent in young age if the father had ischemic stroke while in older age if the mother who had ischemic stroke in Sundanese, metabolic syndrome is less frequent.

Conclusions ;The descendants of ischemic stroke patients is main target population of arteriosclerosis which is have high risk to have ischemic stroke in the future. Metabolic syndrome with low level of HDL-cholesterol, hypertriglyceridemia, and central obesity found more frequent in men and less frequent in Sundanese."

"Latar belakang: Peningkatan jumlah sindrom metabolik (MetS) pada dewasa muda sebagian besar disebabkan karena obesitas. MetS meningkatkan risiko penyakit jantung koroner (PJK) yang dapat diperkirakan dengan menggunakan Framingham risk score (FRS). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prevalensi MetS dan FRS pada dewasa muda dengan obesitas dan hubungan keduanya dengan komponen MetS.Metode: Tujuh puluh mahasiswa dan mahasiswi yang berumur 18-25 tahun dengan IMT ≥ 25 kg/m2 di Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia dipilih secara konsekutif. Spesimen darah yang digunakan untuk memeriksa glukosa darah puasa, kolesterol total, high-density lipoprotein dan trigliserida dianalisis di Departemen Patologi Klinik RSUPN Cipto Mangunkusumo setelah puasa selama 14-16 jam. MetS didiagnosis dengan definisi International Diabetes Federation(IDF). Analisi univariat dan bivariat dilakukan pada penelitian.Hasil: Prevalensi MetS berdasarkan definisi IDF adalah 18,5% pada dewasa muda dengan obesitas. Komponen MetS yang paling berhubungan dengan MetS adalah hipertrigliseridemia (OR 12,13; 95% CI 2,92-50,46; p = 0,001), tekanan darah tinggi (OR 9,33; 95% CI 2,26-38,56; p = 0,001), HDL rendah (OR 8,33; 95% CI 2,17-32,05; p = 0,003), and glukosa puasa terganggu (p = 0,03). Empat subjek mempunyai FRS ≥ 1% dan 66 subjek berisiko < 1%. Peningkatan FRS tidak berhubungan dengan MetS (p = 0,154). Tidak ada komponen MetS berhubungan dengan peningkatan FRS.Kesimpulan: Prevalensi MetS pada dewasa muda dengan obesitas hampir sama dengan pada anak-anak dan remaja dengan obesitas. Walaupun tidak didapatkan hubungan antara MetS dan FRS, keduanya merupakanprediktor penting untuk penyakit jantung koroner yang sebaiknya tidak digunakan secara terpisah.

---

AbstractBackground: The increase number of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) among young adults was mostly caused by obesity. MetS increases the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) which can be estimated by Framingham risk score (FRS). The study was aimed to know the prevalence of MetS and FRS in obese young adults and to associate them with the components of MetS.Methods: A total of 70 male and female students aged 18 to 25 years with BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 in Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia were selected consecutively. The blood samples used to test fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, and triglyceride were examined in Department of Clinical Pathology, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital after fasting for 14 to 16 hours. International Diabetes Federation (IDF) definition was used to diagnose MetS. Univariate and bivariate analysis were done.Results: The prevalence of MetS based on IDF definition was 18.6% among obese young adults. The most associated MetS components was hypertriglyceridemia (OR 12.13; 95% CI 2.92-50.46; p = 0.001), followed with high blood pressure (OR 9.33; 95% CI 2.26-38.56; p = 0.001), low-HDL (OR 8.33; 95% CI 2.17-32.05; p = 0.003), and impairedfasting glucose (p = 0.03). Four subjects had FRS ≥ 1% and 66 subjects had risk < 1%. Increased FRS was not associatedwith MetS (p = 0.154). There was no component of MetS associated with increased FRS.Conclusion: Prevalence of MetS in obese young adults was similar with obese children and adolescents. Although no association of MetS and FRS was found, they are significant predictors for CHD which should not be used separately."

"Pediatric metabolic syndrome: comprehensive clinical review and related health issues approaches the pediatric metabolic syndrome by elucidating its effects on specific organ systems and by considering the problem through understanding the social, psychological and economic consequences of it."

"Ketersediaan data tentang faktor?faktor yang berhubungan dengan metabolik sindrom pada kelompok lanjut usia di Indonesia sangat terbatas. Data tersebut sangat diperlukan dalam upaya pencegahan penyakit kardiovaskular. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui prevalensi metabolik sindrom dan hubungan pengukuran antropometrik, profil lipid, tekanan darah, asupan makanan dan aktifitas fisik dengan metabolik sindrom pada kelompok lanjut usia. Suatu studi dengan rancangan ?cross sectional? dilakukan di Jakarta dengan menggunakan metoda ?multistage random sampling?. Jumlah responden 352 orang lanjut usia wanita dan 137 orang lanjut usia pria. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan pengukuran antropometri, analisa biokimia darah, analisa asupan makanan dan pengukuran indeks aktivitas. Prevalensi metabolik adalah 18.2% pada lanjut usia wanita dan 6.6% pada lanjut usia pria. Studi ini menunjukkan bahwa pada lanjut usia yang mempunyai berat badan berlebih, risiko untuk mempunyai metabolik sindrom hampir empat kali lebih tinggi dibanding lanjut usia dengan indeks masa tubuh normal (rasio odds suaian = 3.98; 95% confidence interval 2.23 - 7.10). Lanjut usia dengan plasma total kolesterol ≥ 240 mg/dl, risiko untuk mendapatkan metabolik sindrom 2.7 kali lebih tinggi dibandingkan yang mempunyai plasma total kolesterol < 240 mg/dl. Sementara lanjut usia yang mempunyai rasio total kolesterol terhadap HDL kolesterol ≥ 5, risiko untuk menderita metabolik sindrom dua kali lebih tinggi dibandingkan yang rasionya < 5. Studi ini menunjukkan bahwa pemeriksaan profil lipid, pengukuran tekanan darah dan pengukuran antropometrik sederhana yang teratur pada kelompok lanjut usia penting dilakukan untuk mendeteksi risiko terjadinya sindroma metabolik. (Med J Indones 2007; 16:195-200)

---

Available data on metabolic syndrome amongst the aged Indonesian population are limited, despite the importance of these data for cardio vascular disease (CVD) preventive measures. The objective of this study was to assess prevalence of metabolic syndrome and the associations between anthropometric measurements, lipid profiles, blood pressure, nutrient intakes and physical activity and metabolic syndrome in the elderly. A cross-sectional study was undertaken from January to April 2000 at selected Public Health Centers in Jakarta using multistage random sampling. Data were collected through anthropometric measurements, biochemical blood analysis, nutrient intake assessment and activity index. The subjects consisted of 352 females and 137 males. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome among females was 18.2% and 6.6% in males. This study shows metabolic syndrome was associated with gender, body mass index, total cholesterol and the ratio of total to HDL-cholesterol. Elderly who were overweight based on body mass index (BMI) had almost a four-fold increased risk for metabolic syndrome (adjusted odds ratio = 3.98; 95% confidence interval 2.23 - 7.10). Those who had plasma total cholesterol ≥ 240 mg/dl had a 2.7 times greater risk of having metabolic syndrome than those with plasma total cholesterol < 240 mg/dl. Furthermore, in terms of the ratio of total to HDL cholesterol, those who had a ratio ≥ 5 compared to a ratio < 5 had two-fold increased risk for metabolic syndrome. In conclusion, this study shows the importance of routine checks of lipid profile, blood pressure and simple anthropometric assessment to detect the risk of metabolic syndrome in the elderly. (Med J Indones 2007; 16:195-200)"

"Tujuan Mempelajari keterkaitan antara inflamasi dan resistensi insulin dengan gangguan biogenesis HDL yang menyebabkan rendahnya konsentrasi HDL. Metode Penelitian ini menggunakan desain potong lintang dengan jumlah subyek 163 pria dewasa berusia 25-60 tahun dengan sindroma metabolik (kriteria IDF, 2005), tanpa gangguan fungsi hati dan ginjal. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Jakarta pada tahun 2007-2009. Indikator-indikator yang diukur adalah apolipoprotein A-1 (apoA-1), prebeta-1 HDL, cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP), kolesterol HD L, berat badan, tinggi badan, lingkar perut (LP), tekanan darah sistolik (TDS), tekanan darah diastolik (TDD), glukosa darah puasa (GDP), dan trigliserida serum. Rasio apoA-1/HDL-c diambil sebagai indikator maturasi HDL, sedangkan rasio CETP/HDL-c dan CETP/TG menunjukkan katabolisme HDL. high sensitivity-CRP (hsCRP), HOMA-IR digunakan sebagai indikator inflamasi dan resistensi insulin. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis univariat, bivariat, dan multivariat. Hasil Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hsCRP berkorelasi positif dengan CETP (rs= 0,200, p= 0,042), dan rasio CETP/HDL-c (rs=0,188, p=0,013); HOMA-IR berkorelasi positif dengan rasio apoA-1/HDL-c (rs=0,190, p=0,016) dan berkorelasi negatif dengan rasio CETP/TG (rs= -0,162, p=0,04). Hasil analisis general linear model (GLM) menunjukkan hsCRP memiliki kontribusi terbesar terhadap rasio CETP/HDL-c, apoA-1, dan CETP (berturut-turut p= 0,009; 0,016; 0,054). Kesimpulan Penelitian ini menyimpulkan adanya hubungan antara inflamasi dan resistensi insulin dengan gangguan biogenesis HDL pada pria dengan SM. Inflamasi berkaitan dengan peningkatan katabolisme kolesterol HDL, sedangkan resistensi insulin berkaitan dengan penurunan maturasi dan peningkatan katabolisme kolesterol HDL, yang akhirnya berkontribusi terhadap rendahnya konsentrasi kolesterol HDL. Inflamasi memiliki kontribusi yang lebih bermakna terhadap faktor biogenesis HDL daripada resistensi insulin.

---

Aim To find out the relationship between inflammation and insulin resistance with impaired HDL biogenesis that cause low HDL-c concentration Methods Using a cross-sectional design, this study involved 163 adult men, aged 25-60 years old with metabolic syndrome (IDF criteria, 2005), without liver and kidney dysfunction. This study was undertaken in Jakarta in the year 2007-2009. Measured indicators were serum apolipoprotein A-1 (apoA-1), prebeta-1 HDL, cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP), HDL cholesterol (HDL-c), body weight, height, waist circumference (WC), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), fasting blood glucose (FBG), and triglyceride. The apoA-1/HDL-c ratios were taken as indicator of HDL maturation, whereas CETP/HDL-c and CETP/TG ratios were indicated HDL catabolism. high-sensitivity CRP (hsCRP) and HOMA-IR were taken as indicator of inflammation and insulin resistance, respectively. Data were analyzed by using univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analysis. Results Positive correlations were found between hsCRP and CETP (rs= 0.200, p= 0.042), and CETP/HDL-c ratios (rs= 0.188, p= 0.013). HOMA-IR positively correlated with apoA-1/HDL-c ratios (rs= 0.190, p= 0.016) and negatively correlated with the CETP/TG ratios (rs= -0.162, p= 0.04). Results of general linear model analysis showed that serum hsCRP concentration had the highest contribution to CETP/HDL-c ratios, apoA-1, dan CETP (p= 0.009; 0.016; 0.054, respectively). Conclusions Inflammation and insulin resistance related to dysfunction of HDL biogenesis in men with metabolic syndrome. The inflammation correlated with increased HDL catabolism, whereas the insulin resistance correlated with decreased HDL maturation and increased HDL catabolism. These may lead to low HDL-c concentration. Inflammation had higher contribution to HDL biogenesis factors than insulin resistance."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai penanda biokimia adiponektin, status antioksidan total (SAT), dan high sensitvity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) pada individu dengan dan tanpa sindrom metabolik (SM). Metode Penelitian pontong lintang pada 36 subyek SM dan 36 subyek tanpa SM yang dilakukan di Jakarta. Indikatorindikator yang diukur adalah adiponektin, SAT dan hsCRP, di samping berat badan, tinggi badan, lingkar pinggang (LP), tekanan darah sistolik, tekanan darah diastolik, dan glukosa darah puasa. Risiko terjadinya SM dihitung dengan odds ratio (OR) adiponektin, hsCRP, dan rasio adiponektin/hsCRP dengan mengambil nilai median sebagai titik dikotomi antara nilai tinggi dan nilai rendah masing-masing parameter tersebut. Hubungan antara adiponektin, SAT, dan hsCRP dengan LP dianalisis dengan uji korelasi Spearman, sedangkan peranan keseluruhan parameter dengan SM dianalisis dengan regresi logistik. Hasil Adiponektin dan hsCRP berbeda secara signifi kan antara subjek dengan dan tanpa SM (3,1 + 1,0 vs 4,2 + 1,4 ug/mL) dan (3,35 + 3,43 vs 0,97 + 0,92 mg/L) (p < 0,01), sedangkan SAT tidak berbeda secara signifi kan (1,28 + 0,2 vs 1,24 + 0,1 mmol/L). Adiponektin berkorelasi negatif dengan LP (rs = - 0,436, p < 0,01), sedangkan SAT dan hsCRP berkorelasi positif dengan LP (masing-masing rs= 0.286, p = 0.02 dan rs = 0,597, p < 0. 01). Odds ratio (OR) adiponektin dan hsCRP untuk terjadinya SM masing-masing 4 (p = 0,01) dan ~6,8 (p < 0,01), sedangkan risiko pada subyek dengan rasio adiponektinhsCRP ≤ 2.31 adalah 25 kali lipat (p < 0,01) dibanding subyek dengan rasio adiponektin-hsCRP > 2.31. Kesimpulan Penggunaan rasio adiponektin-hsCRP meningkatkan prediksi SM 4 - 6 kali lipat dibanding bila menggunakan biomarker tunggal.

---

AbstractAim To examine biochemical markers of adiponectin, total anti-oxidant status (TAOS) and high sensitvity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) in individuals with and without metabolic syndrome (MetS). Methods A cross-sectional study on 36 non-MetS and 36 MetS subjects was undertaken in Jakarta. Measured indicators were adiponectin, TAOS and hsCRP, apart from weight, height, waist circumference (WC), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and fasting blood glucose (FBG). Odds ratio (OR) of adiponectin, TAOS and hsCRP were calculated to assess risk for the development of MetS. Median values were determined as cutoffs to defi ne high and low values of each parameter. Relationships between adiponectin, TAOS and hsCRP with WC were analyzed by using Spearman correlation analysis, and the contributions of all indicators to the development of MetS were analyzed by using logistic regression. Results Adiponectin dan hsCRP differed signifi cantly between non MetS and MetS subjects (4.2 + 1.4 vs 3.1 + 1.0 ug/ mL) dan (0.97 + 0.92 vs 3.35 + 3.43 mg/L) (p < 0.01), but no signifi cant difference was found in TAOS (1.24 + 0.1 vs 1.28 + 0.2 mmol/L). Adiponectin associated negatively with WC (rs= -0.436; p < 0.01), while TAOS and hsCRP associated positively with WC (rs= 0.286, p = 0.02 and rs= 0.597, p < 0.01). The odds ratios (ORs) of adiponectin and hsCRP for the development of MetS were 4 (p = 0.01) and ~6,8 (p < 0.01), respectively; while the risk of subjects with adiponectinhsCRP ratio of ≤ 2.31 to develop MetS was 25 times (p < 0.01) those with adiponectin-hsCRP ratio > 2.31. Conclusion The use of adiponectin-hsCRP ratio increases the predictive power for the occurrence of MetS by 4-6 times the predictive power of adiponectin or hsCRP alone. "

"This book has a particular interest in the methods and applications of metabolic engineering to improve the production and yield of a variety of different metabolites. The overall goal is to achieve a better understanding of the metabolism in different microorganisms, and provide a rational basis to reprogram microorganisms for improved biochemical production."