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"Degradation on coral reef ecosystem is increasing day by day due to both natural and human factors, and it is greatly affecting to the catches of fishermen. Natural damages can be caused by he tsunami, global warming, predators and so on. Whiles people are destroying the ecosystem to the lack of awareness, necessities, poverty and greed. One of the coastal ecosystem rehabilitation efforts is b making artificial reef. There are four artificial reef functions i.e. to collect marine organisms in order to improve capture efficiency (attractant); increase natural productivity by providing new habitat for sessil biota; maintain the balance of food chain cycle; and providing habitat and stimulates coral recruitment and other organism. This article present the designs, benefit and future recommendation for artificial reef management"

"MANGROVE CRAB UCA SPP (CRUSTACEA: DECAPODA: OCYPODIDAE). In Indonesia, many found the river estuary waters with mangrove forests are an important area for mangrove crabs. Crustacean fauna of the mangrove ecosystem is dominated by the crabs of Uca spp. this is often found in mud, forest floor, ponds and mangrove logging areas. Uca spp. is a type of crab that live in holes or soaking in the substrate and are permanent residents of mangrove forests. Crab Uca spp. can adapt well to dig holes because the water that is in the hole can help regulate body temperature through evaporation. Uca crab has important body parts as characters for identification that are: the size of the face of carapace (rostrum), orbital area (the area around the eyes), gonopode (male), gonopore (females), large claws (male) and small claws. While large claws on an adult male is a key character, so that its is very important."

"Coupling between atmosphere and oceans can affect the global climate change. In the Indian Ocean, there is natural climate variation phenomenon caused by coupling between atmosphere and oceans, called the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD). There are two types of IOD phase based on differences condition of the Sea Surface Temperature (SST) in western and eastern Indian Ocean, i.e. positive and negative IOD. When positive IOD occurs, the SST in western Indian Ocean is warmer than usual while SST in Sumatera is colder than usual, and vice versa for negative IOD. IOD can be detected using Dipole Mode Index (DMI). The phenomenon of drought on one side of Indian Ocean and heavy rains on the other side is a direct impact of IOD phenomenon, IOD can also affects to the productivity of the oceans, fisheries, ecosystems and carbon budget."

"Penilia avirostris, Kladosera laut kosmopolitan. Penilia avirorostris adalah salah satu jenis dari delapan jenis Kladosera yang hidup di laut sebagai zooplankton. Walaupun keanekaragaman kladosera sangat rendah di perairan marin, namun distribusi jenis-jenisnya sangat luas mulai dari perairan hangat sampai perairan beriklim sedang (temperate). Penilia avirostris memiliki kemampuan reproduksi secara partenogenesis dan gametogenesis. Ketika kondisi lingkungan mendukung kehidupan (favorable) maka reproduksi dilakukan secara partenogenesis, sebaliknya ketika lingkungan kurang mendukung maka akan bereproduksi secara gametogenesis. Kemampuan beradaptasi yang tinggi terhadap kondisi lingkungan ekstrim dengan cara dormansi atau hibernasi, diduga sangat berpengaruh terhadap semakin luasnya daerah persebaran. "

"MANFAAT KITIN DAN KITOSAN BAGI KEHIDUPAN MANUSIA. Udang dan kepiting merupakan salah satu komoditi ekspor non migas yang menghasilkan limbah berbentuk cangkang dan dapat dimanfaatkan dalam pembuatan kitin dan kitosan. Kitin merupakan komponen utama dari eksoskeleton invertebrata, krustase dan insekta dimana komponen ini berfungsi sebagai komponen penyokong dan pelindung. Sedangkan kitosan merupakan polimer alamiah yang sangat melimpah keberadaannya di alam sehingga merupakan bahan perdagangan yang memiliki nilai ekonomi tinggi dan dapat dimanfaatkan bagi kehidupan manusia. Kitin dan kitosan memiliki kegunaan yang sangat luas dalam kehidupan sehari-hari misalnya sebagai adsorben limbah logam berat dan zat warna, pengawet, anti jamur, kosmetik, farmasi, flokulan, anti kanker, dan anti bakteri.Tulisan ini mencoba memberikan gambaran dan informasi bahwa limbah kulit udang dapat dijadikan kitin dan kitosan yang sangat bermanfaat bagi kehidupan manusia. "

"Caprellidae is one of the family of Amphipoda. This family is commonly known as "skeleton shrimps" or "ghost shrimps" because of its slender body shape looks like a skeleton and often resembles fine filaments of seaweed, hydroids or bryozoan. Caprellidae sometimes is not clearly visible and looks like a shadow. This family commonly found in seaweed, hydroids, bryozoans, sponges and seagrass. Caprellidae is a group of organisms that utilizes various feeding strategies, such as omnivorous, filter feeder, predator or others. Some notes about Caprellidae are discussed in this paper including its morphology, systematics, feeding habits. reproduction, habitat and distribution. "

"RECENT CLASSIFICATION FOR AMPHIPODS. Classification of organisms is dynamic and always changed though time, including in Amphipods. This paper provide changes in higher-taxon of amphipods followed Lowry & Myers (2013) which Senticaudata introduced as a new subordo. This new classification no longer recognize Caprellidae as a subordo. All the changes based on phylogenetic analysis using 41 characters of Amphipods. "

"Synaptidae was one of holothuroidea member, unique because they has no podia or tube feet in their surface of body wall and has no respiratory trees in their internal organ. They has anchor shape spicules in their body wall that supporting locomotory function. Synaptidae were frequently found in the sea grass area, but no publication was specifically observed their existence. This study proposed to observed the species of synaptidae in Sanur Beach-Bali, included their length distribution and their vegetation preference to live with. The observation was conducted twice time using swept survey time based method (one hour) on low tide. The results shows 46 individual of synaptidae consist of two species (Synapta maculata and Opheodesoma grisea) found in the intertidal zone of Sanur Beach-Bali. In the first observation, most of synaptidae had shorter body length then in the second observation. Almost all of synaptidae observed was associated with Enhalus acoroides. Synaptidae in the study area adapt to a very extrem environment. Their adaptation were: 1) osmoregulation to the fluctuation of salinity; 2) wide tolerance of temperature fluctuation; defense mechanism to the wave motion by 3) having sticky skin and 4) autotomy mechanism. "