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"Fungsi konveks merupakan salah satu topik di analisis yang berkaitan erat dengan teori pertidaksamaan. Lebih lanjut, definisi fungsi konveks memiliki perluasan, yaitu fungsi s-konveks jenis pertama dan jenis kedua, untuk s elemen 0,1] tetap. Fungsi konveks berkaitan dengan pertidaksamaan Hermite-Hadamard-Fejer, yangmerupakan pertidaksamaan integral yang melibatkan fungsi konveks. Pengembangan lebih lanjut dari pertidaksamaan tersebut dilakukan dengan melibatkan fungsi s-konveks dan juga melalui konsep integral fraksional. Dalam skripsi ini dibahas bentuk-bentuk pertidaksamaan tipe Hermite-Hadamard-Fej ryang berlaku untuk fungsi s-konveks jenis kedua melalui integral fraksional Riemann-Liouville. Dari hasil tersebut diperoleh hubungan antara pertidaksamaan yang diperoleh dengan pertidaksamaan yang sama untuk fungsi konveks.

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The convex function is one of the topics in mathematics that is closely related to the theory of inequality. Furthermore, the definition of convex function has an extension which is the first and second kind of s convex function, for fixed s elemen 0,1 . Convex function has a relation to the Hermite Hadamard Fejerinequality, which is an integral inequality involving a convex function. Further development of these inequalities involves the s convex function and also through the concept of fractional integral. In this study, we discuss theHermite Hadamard Fej r type inequality that applies to the second kind of s convex function via the Riemann Liouville fractional integral. From these results, the relationship between these inequalities with the same type of inequality for convex function, are obtained."

"Ketersediaan akses internet semakin hari semakin meningkat karena meningkatnya pengguna, aplikasi, dan layanan yang membutuhkan pengiriman informasi yang cepat dan handal. Padatnya trafik pada jaringan menimbulkan kemacetan (congestion) yaitu pengirimana paket yang melebihi kapasitas link, sehingga terjadi pembuangan paket yang mengakibatkan kinerja Internet menurun. Apabila hal ini tidak diantisipasi, akan mengakibatkan collapse (kegagalan) jaringan. Oleh karena itu pengaturan trafik jaringan data sangat dibutuhkan pada intermediate network yang dikenal dengan Active Queue Management (AQM). Pengembangan metode AQM saat ini, membutuhkan solusi yang robust agar handal dalam kondisi jaringan yang dinamik. Di dalam riset ini diusulkan rancangan AQM dengan pengendali PI set-point weighting yang dinamis ARPI (Action Ratio Proportional Integral). Struktur set-point weighting (bobot acuan) dapat mereduksi overshoot atau burst traffic. Agar dapat robust terhadap perubahan trafik, parameter set-point weighting dirancang bersifat dinamik berdasarkan rasio error queue. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan metode yang diusulkan (ARPI) berkinerja lebih baik dengan kecepatan respon 3.5 detik, yaitu mereduksi 92 persen dibandingkan metode yang dikembangkan oleh Hollot (PI) yang mempunyai kecepatan respon 45 detik. ARPI juga mereduksi queuing delay sebesar 35 persen dan bottleneck link delay sebesar 33 persen dibandingkan dari metode PI.

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The availability of internet access nowadays is increasing due to the increase in users, applications, and services that require fast and reliable information delivery. The density of traffic on the network causes congestion, which is the sending of packets that exceed the link capacity, resulting in packet drop resulting in decreased Internet performance. If this is not anticipated, it will result in network collapse. Therefore, data network traffic management is needed, in intermediate networks, namely routers, known as Active Queue Management (AQM). The current development of the AQM method requires a robust solution to be reliable in dynamic network conditions. In this research, the proposed AQM design with a PI set-point weighting controller called ARPI (Action Ratio Proportional Integral). The set-point weighting structure can reduce overshoot or burst traffic. To be robust to traffic changes, the set-point weighting parameter is designed to be dynamic based on the error queue ratio. Simulation results show the proposed method (ARPI) performs better with a response rate of 3.5 seconds, which is 92 percent reduction compared to the method developed by Hollot (PI) with a response of 45 seconds. ARPI also reduce the queuing delay 35 percent and bottleneck link delay by 33 percent compared to the PI."

"Sekarang ini, energi angin dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai alternatif sumber tenaga listrik melalui Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Bayu. Kecepatan angin tergantung pada dimensi waktu dimana setiap saat mengalami perubahan. Untuk itu perlu desain sistem kendali agar input dan output di pembangkit menjadi stabil. Dalam hal ini kecepatan angin sebagai input dan daya listrik sebagai output. Tugas akhir ini berfokus pada pengendali torsi turbin angin dan daya listrik sebagai output pembangkit. Model pembangkit yang dipakai adalah variable speed wind turbine (VSWT) dengan generator induksi doubly fed. Untuk membatasi torsi turbin angin yang digunakan untuk menggerakan poros generator dan daya turbin (sebagai daya referensi) pada P&Q Control akibat perubahan putaran turbin digunakan lookup table. Pengendali Proposional plus Integral (PI) mampu menstabilkan daya listrik dari generator. Pengendali PI tergantung oleh gain dan waktu integral. Untuk menunjukkan kinerja pengendali daya, simulasi dengan mempergunakan MATLAB/Simulink.

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Nowdays, wind energy can used for alternative energy in power system with wind turbine. Wind speed depends of time whereas can be changed every seconds. For this case, needing design control system to made of stabilitize input and output in wind turbine system.

This project focused in torque and output power control. This system categorize of variable speed wind turbine with doubly fed generator induction. Look up table use for minimize torque turbine which used for shaft generator and power (as reference power) in P&Q Control caused of rotational turbine. Propotional plus Integral (PI) can stability power in induction generator. PI controller depends of two parameters : gain and integral time. In this simulation, we use MATLAB/simulink to look performance of controller."

"This monograph deals with theoretical aspects and numerical simulations of the interaction of electromagnetic fields with nonlinear materials. It focuses in particular on media with nonlinear polarization properties. It addresses the direct problem of nonlinear Electrodynamics, that is to understand the nonlinear behavior in the induced polarization and to analyze or even to control its impact on the propagation of electromagnetic fields in the matter. The book gives a comprehensive presentation of the results obtained by the authors during the last decade and put those findings in a broader, unified context and extends them in several directions.It is divided into eight chapters and three appendices. Chapter 1 starts from the Maxwell’s equations and develops a wave propagation theory in plate-like media with nonlinear polarizability. In chapter 2 a theoretical framework in terms of weak solutions is given in order to prove the existence and uniqueness of a solution of the semilinear boundary-value problem derived in the first chapter. Chapter 3 presents a different approach to the solvability theory of the reduced frequency-domain model. Here the boundary-value problem is reduced to finding solutions of a system of one-dimensional nonlinear Hammerstein integral equations. Chapter 4 describes an approach to the spectral analysis of the linearized system of integral equations. Chapters 5 and 6 are devoted to the numerical approximation of the solutions of the corresponding mathematical models. Chapter 7 contains detailed descriptions, discussions and evaluations of the numerical experiments. Finally, chapter 8 gives a summary of the results and an outlook for future work."

"Suatu sistem inkubator dibuat untuk mengatasi masalah keterbatasan jumlah petugas yang memantau dengan cara menghubungkan beberapa inkubator ke dalam suatu. Sistem ini dilengkapi dengan sensor temperatur, heater, blower, serta mikrokontroler 16-bit H8/3069F. Kestabilan temperatur di dalam inkubator dikontrol dengan metode PID (Proportional Integral Derrivative). Agar dapat menggunakan program yang cukup banyak, perlu menggunakan sistem operasi. Sistem operasi yang dipakai menggunakan kernel linux sehingga pengoperasiannya mirip dengan komputer biasa. Kata Kunci: PID, mikrokontroler 16-bit, sistem operasi, kernel

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The incubator system made to solve problem of number medical staff which to monitor some incubator in local area network. This system was design with temperature sensors, heater, blower, and 16-bit microcontroller H8/3069F. Stability of incubator were control with PID method (Proportional Integral Derrivative). Since we use more task than one program, we must download an operating system. Operating system that we use include linux kernel, so the operation is similar with common personal computer. Keywords: PID, microcontroller 16-bit, operating system, kernel."

"Tesis ini menerapkan kendali berorientasi fluks (Field Orientad Control) tanpa sensor kecepatan menggunakan pengendali kecepatan Integral-Proportional Anti-windup (IPA) pada motor induksi terhubung paralel dengan inverter tunggal. Estimasi kecepatan adaptif digunakan untuk mengestimasi fluks rotor, arus stator, dan kecepatan motor. Field Oriented Control (FOC) berbasis strategi selisih dan rata-rata bekerja untuk mengatasi beban tak seimbang. Pengendali kecepatan IP dengan penambahan anti-windup digunakan untuk meningkatkan performa yang menurun pada sistem akibat fenonema windup, yang menyebabkan overshoot yang tinggi, waktu tunak yang lama, respon tunda, bahkan dapat membuat sistem tidak stabil. Performansinya akan dibandingkan dengan pengendali kecepatan Proportional-Integral Anti-windup (PIA). Hasil simulasi menunjukkan FOC tanpa sensor kecepatan menggunakan pengendali kecepatan IPA memiliki performa yang lebih baik dibandingkan pengenali kecepatan PIA.

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This thesis applies speed sensorless Field Oriented Control (FOC) using Anti-windup Integral-Proportional (AIP) speed controller of parallel connected induction motor with single inverter. Speed adaptive observer is adopted to estimate rotor flux, stator current, and motor speed. Averages and differences based FOC strategy works to overcome unbalanced load torque. An AIP speed controller is employed to improve the degradation of system performance due to windup phenomenon such as large overshoot, slow settling time, delayed response and could even destabilized system. It will be compared to Anti-windup Proportional-Integral (API) speed controller to verify the reliability. Simulation results show that speed sensorless FOC with AIP has better performance than API."

"This book presents tensors and tensor analysis as primary mathematical tools for engineering and engineering science students and researchers. The discussion is based on the concepts of vectors and vector analysis in three-dimensional Euclidean space, and although it takes the subject matter to an advanced level, the book starts with elementary geometrical vector algebra so that it is suitable as a first introduction to tensors and tensor analysis. Each chapter includes a number of problems for readers to solve, and solutions are provided in an Appendix at the end of the text.Chapter 1 introduces the necessary mathematical foundations for the chapters that follow, while Chapter 2 presents the equations of motions for bodies of continuous material. Chapter 3 offers a general definition of tensors and tensor fields in three-dimensional Euclidean space. Chapter 4 discusses a new family of tensors related to the deformation of continuous material. Chapter 5 then addresses constitutive equations for elastic materials and viscous fluids, which are presented as tensor equations relating the tensor concept of stress to the tensors describing deformation, rate of deformation and rotation. Chapter 6 investigates general coordinate systems in three-dimensional Euclidean space and Chapter 7 shows how the tensor equations discussed in chapters 4 and 5 are presented in general coordinates. Chapter 8 describes surface geometry in three-dimensional Euclidean space, Chapter 9 includes the most common integral theorems in two and three-dimensional Euclidean space applied in continuum mechanics and mathematical physics."

"This book offers a concise introduction to the analysis of electrical transients aimed at students who have completed introductory circuits and freshman calculus courses. While it is written under the assumption that these students are encountering transient electrical circuits for the first time, the mathematical and physical theory is not ‘watered-down.’ That is, the analysis of both lumped and continuous (transmission line) parameter circuits is performed with the use of differential equations (both ordinary and partial) in the time domain, and the Laplace transform. The transform is fully developed in the book for readers who are not assumed to have seen it before. The use of singular time functions (unit step and impulse) is addressed and illustrated through detailed examples.The appearance of paradoxical circuit situations, often ignored in many textbooks (because they are, perhaps, considered ‘difficult’ to explain) is fully embraced as an opportunity to challenge students. In addition, historical commentary is included throughout the book, to combat the misconception that the material in engineering textbooks was found engraved on Biblical stones, rather than painstakingly discovered by people of genius who often went down many wrong paths before finding the right one. MATLAB® is used throughout the book, with simple codes to quickly and easily generate transient response curves."

"This book contains a brief historical introduction and state of the art in fractional calculus. The author introduces some of the so-called special functions, in particular, those which will be directly involved in calculations. The concepts of fractional integral and fractional derivative are also presented. Each chapter, except for the first one, contains a list of exercises containing suggestions for solving them and at last the resolution itself. At the end of those chapters there is a list of complementary exercises. The last chapter presents several applications of fractional calculus."

"We try to detect chaos structure on the capital market by searching for low dimensional chaos at the market portfolio index: IHSG.We apply BDS statistic, R/S analysis,correlation dimension and lyapunov exponent for nonlinearty and chaos testing.We observe IHSG data from January 1988 until November 2003.We find nonlinearty,persistence and low dimensional chaos in IHSG data."