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"Matriks Perdagangan Internasional (MIT) menggambarkan keseimbangan jaringan perdagangan internasional dari seluruh negara. Alat analisis ini memungkinkan kita untuk menganalisis paling tidak 2 tujuan dari tesisi ini; pertama, mengukur tingkat saling ketergantungan antara ekonomi melalui jaringan perdagangan internasional, dan kedua, melakukan simulasi dampak pertumbuhan satu atau sekelompok ekonomi terhadap ekonomi lainnya. Hal ini akan memberikan gambaran bagaimana strukutr perekonomian dan perdagangan dunia mempengaruhi distribusi dampak pertumbuhan tersebut. MIT menghasilkan paling tidak 5 besaran kuantitatif yang menjadi pedoman analisis yakni, (i) trade linkage, (ii) field of influence, (iii) muiliplier product matrix, (iv) multiplier yang dapat didekomposisi menjadi direct import requirement, indirect import requirement, internal dan external propagation, dan (v) simulasi net foreign baiance. Dengan menggunakan data 178 negara, hasil pertama penelitian ini mengkonfirmasi posisi teratas Siangapura dan Malaysia diantara negara anggota ASEAN lain dalam perdagangan internasional. Kedua, hasil penelitian ini juga menunjukkan peran besar Amerika Serikat dan Jepang sebagai partner dagang penting untuk ASEAN. Ketiga, penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dampak pertumbuhan ekonomi di negara diluar ASEAN yang dinikmati oleh wilayah ASEAN ternyata jauh lebih kecil dibandingkan dampak pertumbuhan wilayah ASEAN yang dirasakan oleh negara-negara non-ASEAN. Kesimpulan keempat yang diperoleh dari perbandingan beberapa titik waktu analisis menunjukkan bahwa penyaluran dampak krisis ke negara lain, sangat tergantung pada pola perdagangan yang ada. Temuan ini memberikan beberapa implikasi cukup mendasar yakni (i) perlunya mempertimbangkan efek distribusi keuntungan perdagangan dalam pemilihan mitra dagang, (ii) pentingnya meningkatkan kapasitas produksi domestik untuk memenuhi permintaan domestik dan asing, perluasan wilayah pemasaran, pengurangan hambatan dan biaya non ekonomi serta (iii) perlunya upaya peningkatan keterbukaan dan peran Indonesia sebagai negara penghubung dalam jaringan perdagangan global.

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The Matrix of International Trade describse the global trade linkage. The tools allow us to analyze the interdependency between economy and to simulate the impact of the economic growth. MIT provide 5 quantitative measurement namely (i) trade linkage, (ii) field of influence, (iii) multiplier product matrix, (iv) multiplier which can be decomposed into direct and indirect import requirement, internal and extemal propagation, and (v) simulation of the net foreign balance. The model is applied on the data set of 178 countries. Based on the 5 measurement aboves, our first conclusion is conforming the largest rofe of Singapore and Malaysia among other ASEAN member in intemational trade. Second, we also conform the role of United States and Japan as the largest trading partner for ASEAN. Third, our result shows that the advantage received by non-ASEAN countries from the ASEAN growth is much larger than what ASEAN receive from the equal growth of the non-ASEAN countries. Fourth, the magnitude of the economic crisis transmitted to certain countries depends on the pattern of the global trade network. These results leads to at least 5 policy implication; (i), it is important to consider the gain of trade distribution on choosing the trading partner, (ii), it is important to increase the domestic capacity, to enlarge the market, and to reduce the trade barrier, (iii) we need to increase the role as connecting (hub) country in the global trade network."

"This work offers a synthesis of the current approaches toward an integration of international trade and climate change, with a view to fostering potential improvements in policies and institutions affecting these. A number of pragmatic measures are proposed with reference to the WTO and the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) regimes, which are expected to contribute toward enhanced climate change governance, as well as promoting international trade."

"Thesis ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak dari trade openness terhadap kinerja pasar tenaga kerja di Indonesia. Dalam studi ini, kinerja pasar tenaga kerja diindikasikan oleh tiga variabel berbeda yaitu: (1) labor underutilization; (2) full-unemployment; (3) time related-underemployment. Hasil empiris menunjukan bahwa peningkatan level dari trade openness secara signifikan akan menurunkan labor underutilization di Indonesia. Hal ini senada dengan dampak yang ditimbulkan kepada jumlah pengangguran terbuka yang berhubungan negatif dengan variabel independent tersebut. Namun demikian, penilitian ini juga menunjukan bahwa level dari trade openness berhubungan positif dengan underemployment. Artinya, peningkatan trade openness malah akan meningkatkan jumlah orang yang underemployment di Indonesia.

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The objective of this study is to analyze the impact of international trade activities especially trade openness to labor market performances in Indonesia. Here, labor market performance is indicated by three dependent variables: Labor underutilization; Full-unemployment; and Time-related underemployment. Empirical results show that level of trade openness is statistically significant influence labor underutilization and full-unemployment in Indonesia in negative relationship. However, for time-related underemployment, trade openness seems like having different direction. Over all, it can be concluded that though unemployment already becomes main indicator for labor market performance; it seems that this variable is less sensitive relative to underemployment and labor underutilization. Therefore, study using these last two variables would be potentially gives more reliable result."

"Penelitian ini melakukan identifikasi mengenai dampak kebutuhan pembangunan negara Indonesia dan kepentingan donor terhadap penentuan negara donor dalam menentukan jumlah besaran bantuan dana hibah dan pinjaman lunak ODA yang akan diberikan kepada negara recipient dalam kasus ini adalah Indonesia. Penelitian terdahulu lebih banyak membahas mengenai efektivitas dana bantuan terhadap pembangunan dan peneliti belum menemukan suatu gambaran yang jelas yang menyeluruh mengenai dugaan bahwa terdapat “agenda terselubung” dari negara donor besar dalam memberikan bantuannya yang ini bertentangan dengan prinsip bantuan bebas tidak terikat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode random effect dalam memberikan informasi secara umum mengenai perilaku negara donor dalam menentukan besaran jumlah bantuan ODA. Adapun faktor faktor yang lazim yang menjadi pedoman negara donor dalam menentukan besaran jumlah dana bantuan ODA dapat dikategorikan faktor kebutuhan negara berkembang dalam pembangunan dan kepentingan negara donor.

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This study identifies the impact of Indonesia's development needs and donors interests to the determination of the amount of grants and soft loans that will be provided by donor countries to Indonesia. Past research mostly to discuss about the effectiveness of aid to development and researchers have yet to find a clear picture overall concerning alleged that there is a hidden agenda of major donor countries to provide assistance that is contrary to the principle of free assistance. This study used random effect provide general information about the behavior of ODA’s provider countries in determining the amount of ODA. The common considerations that guide donors in determining the amount of ODA funds can be grouped as factors in the development needs of developing countries and the interests of donor countries."

"Emerging markets and the global economy investigates analytical techniques suited to emerging market economies, which are typically prone to policy shocks. Despite the large body of emerging market finance literature, their underlying dynamics and interactions with other economies remain challenging and mysterious because standard financial models measure them imprecisely.Describing the linkages between emerging and developed markets, this collection systematically explores several crucial issues in asset valuation and risk management. Contributors present new theoretical constructions and empirical methods for handling cross-country volatility and sudden regime shifts. Usually attractive for investors because of the superior growth they can deliver, emerging markets can have a low correlation with developed markets. "

"Contents :- Tables - Figures - Contributors - Foreword - Acknowledgments - Glossary - 1. Introduction by Prema-chandra Athukorala, Arianto A. Patunru, and Budy P. Resosudarmo - Part 1: Trade - 2. Challenges of the world trading system and implications for Indonesia - 3. From spaghetti bowl to jigsaw puzzle? Addressing the disarray in the world trade system - 4. Agricultural trade consequences of Asia's economic growth: a case study of wine - Part 2: Development - 5. Economic relations between China, India and Southeast Asia: coping with threats and opportunities - 6. Revisiting the growth acceleration episodes of Indonesia and India: a political economy reading - 7. Exporting, education, and wage differentials between foreign multinationals and local plants in Indonesian and Malaysian manufacturing - 8. Indonesia: returns to occupation, education, and ability during a resource export boom - 9. Labour market regulation and employment during the Yudhoyono years in Indonesia - 10 Vietnam: trapped on the trail of the tigers? - Part 3: Political economy - 11. Rethinking the role of the state in ASEAN - 12. The ill-fated currency board proposal for Indonesia - 13. What are grain reserves worth? A generalised political economy framework - References - Index "

"ABSTRACTThis thesis analyzes the regulation of Local Content Requirement LCR underWTO agreements and the conformity of LCR provisions for 4G LTEcommunication devices in Indonesia with WTO agreements. Based on thenormative juridical research method employed by this thesis, it is found that thereis no specific agreement governing the use of LCR, but there are severalprovisions concerning the legality of LCR embedded in five WTO agreementsnamely the GATT, GATS, TRIMS, ASCM, and GPA. All five agreementsprincipally prohibit the use of LCR because it affords imported products treatmentless favorable than that accorded to local products. After analyzing relevant WTOagreements and rulings, it can be seen that Indonesia rsquo s LCR provisions in 4G LTEsector which are embodied in the form of Local Component Value TingkatKomponen Dalam Negeri may not be in conformity with Article III 4 of theGATT and Article 2.1 of the TRIMS. In light of those, this thesis recommendsthat there needs to be a specific agreement in the WTO concerning the use of LCRto enable ease of reference and brings more awareness to WTO membersregarding LCR as well as for the government of Indonesia to bring the LCRprovisions in 4G LTE sector into conformity with WTO laws to avoid potentialclaims from other WTO members.

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ABSTRACTSkripsi ini menganalisa peraturan ketentuan Local Content Requirement LCR berdasarkan perjanjian-perjanjian WTO dan kesesuaian antara ketentuan LCRuntuk perangkat komunikasi 4G LTE di Indonesia dengan perjanjian-perjanjianWTO. Berdasarkan metode penelitian yuridis normatif yang digunakan olehskripsi ini, tidak ada perjanjian WTO yang khusus mengatur tentang penggunaanLCR, namun ada beberapa ketentuan mengenai legalitas LCR yang terdapat didalam lima kesepakatan WTO yaitu GATT, GATS, TRIMS, ASCM, dan GPA.Kelima perjanjian tersebut melarang penggunaan LCR karena LCR memberikanperlakuan yang kurang menguntungkan bagi produk impor apabila dibandingkandengan produk lokal. Setelah menganalisa perjanjian dan peraturan WTO yangrelevan, terdapat kemungkinan bahwa ketentuan LCR Indonesia di sektor 4G LTEyang diwujudkan dalam bentuk Tingkat Komponen Dalam Negeri kurang sesuaidengan Pasal III:4 GATT dan Pasal 2.1 TRIMS. Karena itu, skripsi inimerekomendasikan bahwa diperlukan adanya perjanjian khusus di WTOmengenai penggunaan LCR untuk kemudahan referensi dan menghimbaukesadaran kepada anggota WTO tentang penggunaan LCR, dan juga agarpemerintah Indonesia menyesuaikan ketentuan LCR di sektor 4G LTE denganperjanjian-perjanjian WTO untuk menghindari kemungkinan tuntutan darianggota WTO lainnya."

"This book is about migration futures: the transnational movement of people and the portability of skills in a globalizing world. It explores why in recent decades, development has produced outcomes so different from what was proclaimed to be its goal resulting in the Great Divergence-a world unequal as never before. International migration must be seen in the context of the political economy of development and as the natural corollary to international trade and capital. In the post 2015 development context, sustaining global economic growth rates, expanding economic opportunity, democratizing human welfare, and progressing towards an equitable and just global order will be predicated substantially on the free movement of people. Over time, the policy and practice on international migration of most countries has only become more restrictive. The consequence has been high costs-both fiscal and human. The barriers to freer economic migration have distorted development outcomes globally. There is urgent need for a global framework that is rule based, non-discriminatory, and democratic to govern the transnational movement of people. The scale and spread of the Indian experience in migration as well as development and the intimate interplay of these two complex processes is matchless. International migration is as important for the world as for India to be left to uninformed debate or fragmented interventions. The challenge is to articulate a coherent policy framework and undertake coordinated modes of engagement. Failure to mainstream economic migration will jeopardize the basis of a modern, progressive, and democratic future for all."