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"In orthodontic practice, orthodontist frequently face the patients with congenitally missing maxillary lateral incisors and mandibular second premolar. There are some treatment options for patients with congenitally missing second premolar such as keeping the deciduous second molar, extracting the molars and allowing space to close spontaneously, prosthetic replacement, autotransplantation and orthodontic space closure. Instead of treatment option for congenitally maxillary lateral incisor are orthodontic space opening for future restoration or orthodontic space closure using canines to replace missing maxillary lateral incisors. There are some factors must be consider before making a decision, such as the facial profile, dentoalveolar protrusion, the tooth size-arch length discrepancy, inclination and position of canine, dental esthetic of canines, occlusion, the dental relationship, patient’s age, the stage of development of the adjacent teeth and the condition of the deciduous predecessors with regard to root resorption and infracclusion. In this paper it will be discussed about the indications, advantages and disadvantages of both treatment modalities to help clinicians to cope with the malocclusion cases with congenital missing teeth. In this regard it needed teamwork among the orthodontist, prosthodontist, dental surgeon and restorative dentist to analyzing some factors related to individual patients and establishing overall treatment plans."

"Digital equipment in all dental practices is commonplace. From digital imaging through electronic recordkeeping, general dentists and specialists are seeing more accurate diagnoses, faster treatment times, and lower costs for equipment."

"elp your patients look better and improve their self-esteem with this complete, user-friendly guide to all of the latest esthetic dentistry procedures that are in high demand. Thoroughl updated by the most renowned leaders in the field, the new third edition of Esthetic Dentistry: A Clinical Approach to Techniques and Materials offers clearly highlighted techniques in step-by-step fashion, with unmistakable delineation of armamentarium, for the treatment of esthetic problems. Hundreds of clinical tips are included throughout the book to help alert you to potential problems, variations on techniques, and other treatment considerations. Plus, an invaluable troubleshooting guide covers the different types of esthetic problems (such as size, discoloration, and spacing issues), potential solutions, and references to chapters where the specific problem is discussed in detail. With this expert reference in hand, you will have all you need to master the latest esthetic procedures that your patients want!"--Publisher's description"