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"This thesis is a study of a particular aspect of Indonesian foreign policy: that country's relations with the United Nations.Its aim.si try tc isolate the variables which determined the ways in which various Cabinets pursued their political objectives within t.3ic Organisation. An explan¬ation of the methods used in investigating these variables can be found in the Preface: a discussion of the sources consulted is contained in the 'Sources' section of the Notes on the Text. Section I of the thesis is concerned with Indonesia's experience with the UN during the period of the physical rev¬olution. This is not, however, treated in very great depth, since it lies outside the main chronological limits of the thesis. The basic aim of this Section is to look at the back-ground to Indonesia's decision to join the UN in September 1930; a background which could well have affected the ways in which Indonesian political leaders viewed the Organisation at that time. Sections Ii to V form the main body of the thesis. They examine the use various Indonesian Cabinets made of the UN from 1950 to 1965. Each Section concentrates on one particular prob¬lem area: Section II on the maintenance of international peace and security; Section IIl on the eradication of colonialism; Section IV on the recovery of West Irian; and Section V on the campaign against Malaysia. It is believed that these topics cover virtually the entire ambit of Jakarta's political rela¬tions with the UN, ranging as they do over items of great, immediate significance to Indonesia, to matters which were of as much interest to Indonesia as to any other UN member.The final Section presents the conclusions drawn from the research carried out. It is suggested that there were three major variables which determined Indonesia's UN policy over this period: the particular political complexion of the Cabinet in office; the nature of the particular case being con¬sidered; and the power balance in the Assembly, as perceived in Jakarta. Of these three, the former is felt to be the most important, due to its influence over the latter two"

"Tesis ini membahas tentang faktor penentu kebijakan luar negeri Jepang dalam isu sengketa Kepulauan Senkaku/Diaoyu. Dalam isu sengketa kepulauan dengan Tiongkok, Jepang mengedepankan upaya perundingan damai dalam pertemuan kemaritiman JCHLCMA dengan Tiongkok (PRC) mulai dari tahun 2012 hingga tahun 2018. Dengan menggunakan konsep perumusan kebijakan luar negeri dan metode penelitian kualitatif, hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa Jepang mendapat dukungan dari tingkat domestik untuk bersikap tegas terhadap Tiongkok (PRC) akan tetapi Jepang mempertimbangkan kondisi ekonomi dan militer nasional, retorika sikap Amerika Serikat sebagai aliansi militer Jepang, kepentingan Jepang dalam kerja sama ekonomi dengan Tiongkok, dan situasi internasional yang sedang dihadapi oleh Jepang sehingga Jepang lebih memilih mengedepankan upaya damai dalam isu sengketa kepulauan dengan Tiongkok (PRC).

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This thesis aims to analyze the determinants of Japanese foreign policy regarding the Senkaku/Diaoyu Islands dispute. In such issue, Japan puts forward a series of peaceful negotiation at Japan-China High-Level Consultation on Maratime Affairs from 2012 to 2018. By utilizing the concept of foreign-policy making and applying qualitative research-method, the finding shows that Japan, in spite of the underpinning support of domestic politics, takes consideration on the capabilities of her national economy and military, U.S. rhetoric support toward Japan, interests in economic cooperation with China, and current international situation to make a choice of peaceful measure toward China."

"Tesis ini membahas tentang prioritas kebijakan luar negeri India terhadap Pakistan pada periode 2009-2014. Kebijakan Luar Negeri (KLN) India telah mengalami perkembangan dari waktu ke waktu. Diawali dengan kebijakan yang menggunakan pendekatan idealisme, KLN India dalam perkembangannya bergeser menjadi kebijakan yang pragmatis. Pragmatisme dalam KLN India terlihat dalam prioritas KLN negara tersebut terhadap Pakistan. Pada awal masa kemerdekaan kedua negara, hubungan India-Pakistan relatif berada dalam tensi tinggi. Setelah memasuki periode 2000an, India terlihat memilih strategi yang lebih bersifat kooperatif terhadap Pakistan. India menilai cara ini lebih efektif dibandingkan pendekatan koersif yang selama ini dilakukan. Melalui analisis menggunakan kerangka pemikiran dari Kaarbo, Lantis, Beasley, dan Kumar didapatkan kesimpulan bahwa dijadikannya bidang militer, terorisme, dan ekonomi sebagai prioritas dalam KLN India terhadap Pakistan pada periode 2009-2014 dipengaruhi oleh faktor internal dan eksternal. Faktor internal yang dimaksud ialah kepentingan nasional dan strategi pemerintah India dalam memperjuangkan kepentingan tersebut. Dan faktor eksternal adalah hubungan India-AS, hubungan India - Rusia dan hubungan Pakistan-Tiongkok.

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This thesis discusses about India's foreign policy priority towards Pakistan in the period of 2009 - 2014. India's foreign policy has evolved from time to time. Since it changes its foreign policy to idealism approach, the policy becomes pragmatic nowadays. It can be seen from their priority towards Pakistan. In the beginning of their independence, the relation between India and Pakistan is in high tension. In the period of 2000's, India tends to choose cooperative strategy toward Pakistan. Through foreign policy theory by Kaarbo, Lantis, Beasley, and Kumar, this thesis finds that India's foreign policy priority toward Pakistan are divided into three subjects, which are military, terrorism, and economy. These priorities are caused by internal and external factors. The internal factors are India's national interests and the government's strategy. Meanwhile, the external factors are the relations of India - US, India - Russia, and Pakistan - China."

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Nama                         : Megan Anglingsari Raritra Intanti

Program Studi             : Ilmu Hubungan Internasional

Judul                          : Kebijakan Luar Negeri Uni Eropa

Pembimbing                : Dr. phil. Yandry Kurniawan

 

Kajian Analisis Kebijakan Luar Negeri atau FPA telah menjadi bidang studi independen dalam ilmu hubungan internasional sejak tahun 1950an. Fokus FPA terhadap proses pengambilan keputusan kebijakan luar negeri dianggap telah berhasil menjawab permasalahan studi HI yang cenderung menciptakan jarak antara politik domestik dan internasional. Menariknya, klaim bahwa FPA telah inklusif menuai kritik diantara cendekia Eropa, khususnya dalam pembahasan kebijakan luar negeri Uni Eropa. Maka dari itu, tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menunjukkan bagaimana literatur menempatkan kebijakan luar negeri Uni Eropa diantara kajian FPA. Dalam rangka mencapai tujuan tersebut, penulis menyusun 96 total temuan literatur dengan akreditasi internasional dalam empat kategori tema, yaitu: (1) konsep kebijakan luar negeri Uni Eropa; (2) institusionalisasi kebijakan luar negeri Uni Eropa; (3) Uni Eropa sebagai aktor; dan (4) lingkup kawasan kebijakan luar negeri Uni Eropa. Upaya tinjauan literatur menghasilkan beberapa temuan seperti konsensus, perdebatan, dan kesenjangan terkait topik ini. Selain itu, tulisan ini juga menelusuri tren tema literatur, persebaran penulis, serta tren persebaran paradigmatik. Berangkat dari kondisi tersebut, tulisan ini berhasil menyingkap fakta bahwa FPA belum menjadi perspektif yang umum digunakan dalam mengkaji kebijakan luar negeri Uni Eropa. Meskipun begitu, tulisan ini tidak menemukan literatur yang menolak keberadaan kebijakan luar negeri Uni Eropa. Tulisan ini akan ditutup dengan penjabaran sejumlah rekomendasi untuk penelitian selanjutnya yang meliputi perluasan paradigmatik khususnya FPA dan pendekatan kritis, serta topik-topik yang belum banyak terbahas tetapi cukup relevan dengan kondisi empirik kebijakan luar negeri Uni Eropa.

 

 

 

Kata kunci:

Analisis Kebijakan Luar Negeri, Uni Eropa, kebijakan luar negeri Uni Eropa, European Foreign Policy, hubungan eksternal Uni Eropa, EPC, CFSP

 

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Name                        : Megan Anglingsari Raritra Intanti

Study Program           : International Relations

Title                          : European Union’s Foreign Policy

Counsellor                 : Dr. phil. Yandry Kurniawan

 

Foreign Policy Analysis or FPA has been developed as an independent field of international relations (IR) studies since the 1950s. FPA’s primary focus on foreign policy decision making processes is considered to have successfully answered IR studies problem which tends to create a gap between domestic and international politics. Interestingly, the claim that FPA has been inclusive drawn criticism among European scholars, particularly in the discussion of the EU's foreign policy. Therefore, this paper aims to explain how literature interpret EU’s foreign policy among FPA studies. In order to achieve this goal, the authors compiled 96 total international accreditation literature within four categories of themes, namely: (1) the concept of EU’s foreign policy; (2) institutionalization of EU’s foreign policy; (3) European Union as an actor; and (4) regional scope of the EU’s foreign policy. This literature review has resulted in several findings such as consensus, debates, and gaps related to this topic. In addition, this paper also traces the literature trend, distribution of authors’ origin, as well as the paradigmatic trend. Based on these conditions, this paper was successfully revealed the fact that FPA is not a mainstream perspective in studying EU’s foreign policy. Even so, this paper didn’t identify scholar that rejects the idea of EU’s foreign policy. This paper will conclude with some recommendations for further research including paradigmatic diversification, especially FPA and a critical approach, as well as topics that rarely discussed but are quite relevant to the empirical conditions of EU’s foreign policy.

 

 

 

Keywords:

Foreign Policy Analysis, European Union, European Foreign Policy, EU Foreign Policy, EU External Relations, EPC, CFSP

 

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