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"Penelitian ini membahas sex shop sebagai produk kapitalisme di Federasi Rusia. Tujuan dari penelitian in adalah untuk menjawab pertanyaan "apakah sex shop di Federasi Rusia merupakan salah satu produk kapitalisme? Bagaimana perkembangannya dan mengapa dapat berkembang?". Untuk menjawab pertanyaan ini, maka penelitian akan menggunakan metode kualitatif. Berdasarkan data-data yang telah dianalisis, dapat disimpulkan bahwa Glasnost dan Perestroika menyebabkan liberalisasi yang membawa dampak bagi konsumsi masyarakat Moskow terhadap komoditas sex toys dan menjadikan sex shop sebagai lahan bisnis.

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This research discusses sex shop as an capitalism product in Russian Federation. The purpose of this research is to answer the questions "whether the sex shop is an product of capitalism in Russian Federation? How its development and why it can be flourished?". To answer these questions, the research will use qualitative methods. Based on the data that has been analyzed, it can be concluded that the Glasnost and Perestroika led to liberalization that had implications for public consumption in Moscow on sex toys commodities that make sex shop as a commercial enterprise."

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ABSTRACTGender in Modern East Asia" explores the history of women and gender in China, Korea, and Japan from the seventeenth century to the present. This unique volume treats the three countries separately within each time period while also placing them in global and regional contexts. Its transnational and integrated approach connects the cultural, economic, and social developments in East Asia to what is happening across the wider world.The text focuses specifically on the dynamic histories of sexuality; gender ideology, discourse, and legal construction; marriage and the family; and the gendering of work, society, culture, and power. Important themes and topics woven through the text include Confucianism, writing and language, the role of the state in gender construction, nationalism, sexuality and prostitution, New Women and Modern Girls, feminisms, comfort women, and imperialism. Accessibly written and comprehensive, "Gender in Modern East Asia" is a much-needed contribution to the study of the region."

"The Routledge Companion to Media and Gender offers a comprehensive examination of media and gender studies, charting its histories, investigating ongoing controversies, and assessing future trends.The 59 chapters in this volume, written by leading researchers from around the world, provide scholars and students with an engaging and authoritative survey of current thinking in media and gender research.The Companion includes the following features: With each chapter addressing a distinct, concrete set of issues, the volume includes research from around the world to engage readers in a broad array of global and transnational issues and intersectional perspectives.Authors address a series of important questions that have consequences for current and future thinking in the field, including postfeminism, sexual violence, masculinity, media industries, queer identities, video games, digital policy, media activism, sexualization, docusoaps, teen drama, cosmetic surgery, media Islamophobia, sport, telenovelas, news audiences, pornography, and social and mobile media.A range of academic disciplines inform exploration of key issues around production and policymaking, representation, audience engagement, and the place of gender in media studies.The Routledge Companion to Media and Gender is an essential guide to the central ideas, concepts and debates currently shaping media and gender research"

"Meskipun hukum positif di Indonesia hingga saat ini masih belum mengatur secara jelas dan pasti mengenai penggantian jenis kelamin, namun terdapat beberapa pengaturan yang pada dasarnya menyinggung mengenai hal ini secara implisit. Adapun UU Adminduk telah mengkategorikan penggantian jenis kelamin sebagai suatu bentuk peristiwa penting lainnya, sehingga seorang transeksual yang telah melakukan prosedur penggantian jenis kelamin dapat mencatatkan identitas barunya tersebut dengan syarat telah mendapatkan Penetapan Pengadilan. Ditemukan permasalahan lain dimana ketiadaan hukum yang mengatur mengenai hal ini membuat hakim harus melakukan penggalian terhadap sumber hukum tidak tertulis serta nilai-nilai yang hidup dalam masyarakat. Selain itu, hakim juga diharuskan untuk melakukan penemuan hukum guna mengisi kekosongan hukum yang ada. Atas hal tersebut, maka penelitian ini akan melakukan analisis terhadap pertimbangan hakim dalam menetapkan suatu permohonan penggantian jenis kelamin serta mengidentifikasi metode penemuan hukum apa yang digunakan. Adapun penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kepustakaan yang bersifat deskriptif analitis, dimana permasalahan yang ada akan dilakukan analisis secara kualitatif dengan acuan literatur dan ketentuan yang berlaku. Hasil dari penelitian ini sendiri adalah hakim dalam menetapkan suatu permohonan penggantian jenis kelamin tidak hanya mempertimbangkannya melalui aspek hukum saja, melainkan juga melihat pada aspek medis, sosial, dan agama. Untuk aspek hukum sendiri, hakim mendasarkan pertimbangannya pada UUD 1945, UU HAM, UU Adminduk, UU Kekuasaan Kehakiman, serta Perpres No. 25 Tahun 2008. Sedangkan untuk aspek medis, hakim menggunakan 5 (lima) aspek dalam menentukan jenis kelamin seseorang, antara lain aspek kromosom, aspek kelamin primer, aspek kelamin sekunder, aspek hormonal, dan aspek psikologis. Dan untuk metode penemuan hukum yang digunakan sendiri adalah metode konstruksi hukum dengan jenis Rechtsvervijnings, dimana hakim akan mengkonstruksikan ketentuan atau syarat yang harus dipenuhi oleh seseorang dalam rangka mengubah jenis kelaminnya.

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Even though positive law in Indonesia has yet to regulate sex reassignment, there are several regulations which basically allude to this matter implicitly. The Demography Administration Law categorizes sex reassignment as another form of important event, so that a transsexual who has undergone a sex reassignment procedure can register their new identity on condition that they have received a court decision. Another problem was found where the absence of laws governing this matter made judges have to dig into unwritten sources of law and the values that live in society. In addition, judges are also required to make legal discoveries to fill the existing legal void. For this reason, this study will analyze the judge's considerations in determining a request for sex reassignment and identify which legal discovery method to use. As for this research, it is a descriptive analytical literature research, in which the existing problems will be analyzed qualitatively with reference to the literature and applicable provisions. The results of this study are that judges in determining an application for sex reassignment do not only consider it through legal aspects, but also look at medical, social and religious aspects. For the legal aspect itself, judges based their considerations on the 1945 Constitution, the Human Rights Law, the Demography Administration Law, the Judicial Powers Law, and Presidential Regulation No. 25 of 2008. As for the medical aspect, judges use 5 (five) aspects in determining a person's sex, including chromosomal aspects, primary sex aspects, secondary sex aspects, hormonal aspects, and psychological aspects. And for the legal discovery method that is being used by the judge is the legal construction method with the Rechtsvervijnings type, where the judge will construct the conditions that must be fulfilled by someone in order to change their sex."

"Remaja merupakan fase lanjutan dari fase kanak-kanak sebelum menuju dewasa dengan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan pada aspek biologis, kognitif, psikososial, dan emosional. Pada fase tersebut, remaja memiliki rasa ingin tahu yang tinggi untuk mencoba hal-hal baru termasuk terkait perilaku seksual berisiko pada remaja. Berdasarkan laporan SDKI Kesehatan Reproduksi Remaja (KRR) tahun 2017 bahwa remaja pria maupun wanita mencoba melakukan hubungan seksual pranikah pertama kali di usia 15-19 tahun dengan proporsi sebesar 8 persen untuk pria dan 2 persen untuk wanita. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui korelasi antara pendidikan kesehatan reproduksi yang diterima pertama kali di sekolah terhadap perilaku seksual pranikah para remaja pria 15-19 tahun di Indonesia. Data yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah data SDKI KRR tahun 2017 dengan jumlah total sampel sebanyak 7.345 remaja yang sudah disesuaikan berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi penelitian. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi cross sectional. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah tercatat sebanyak 6.966 (94.8%) remaja laki-laki usia 15-19 tahun yang sudah pernah melakukan hubungan seksual pranikah sedangkan remaja yang tidak pernah melakukan hanya sebanyak 379 (5.2%) remaja. Berdasarkan hasil bivariat didapatkan bahwa variabel pendidikan kesehatan reproduksi tentang sistem reproduksi manusia (p = 0.000), keluarga berencana (p = 0.000) dan HIV/AIDS (p = 0.002) memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan perilaku seksual pranikah remaja. Selain itu, variabel yang berhubungan dengan perilaku seksual pranikah remaja adalah komunikasi dengan guru (p = 0.004) dan tingkat pendidikan (p = 0.000 dan 0.008). Sedangkan variabel tempat tinggal tidak memiliki hubungan yang signifikan (p = 0.095).

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Adolescence is an advanced phase from childhood before heading to adulthood with growth and development in biological, cognitive, psychosocial, and emotional aspects. Within the phase, adolescents have a high curiosity to try or explore new things, including risky sexual behavior in adolescents. Therefore, based on the IDHS report of 2017 on Adolescent Reproductive Health (KRR) that male and female adolescents tried to have premarital sex for the first time at the age of 15-19 years with a percentage of 8 percent for men and 2 percent for women. This study aims to determine the relationship between reproductive health education that received for the first time at school to the premarital sexual behavior of male adolescents aged 15-19 years in Indonesia. The data used in this study is IDHS data for the 2017 KRR with a total sample of 7.345 adolescents who have been adjusted by both of the inclusion and exclusion criteria of the study. This study used a cross sectional study design. The results of this study are there were 6,966 (94.8%) teenage boys aged 15-19 years who had premarital sexual intercourse, while only 379 (5.2%) teenagers who had not. Based on bivariate analysis, It was found that the variables of reproductive health education about the human reproductive system (p=0.000), family planning (p=0.000) and HIV/AIDS (p=0.002) had a significant relationship with adolescent premarital sexual behavior. In addition, variables related to adolescent premarital sexual behavior are communication with teachers (p = 0.004) and education level (p = 0.000 and 0.008). While the variable of residence did not have a significant correlation (p = 0.095)."