Ditemukan 81 dokumen yang sesuai dengan query
Sinaga, Deceiria Adventine
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ABSTRAKStudi ini menggunakan prinsip Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT) untuk mengatasi masalah perilaku disruptive pada anak laki-laki usia 9 tahun. Melalui prinsip PCIT sebagai intervensi dyadic, ibu diajarkan dan dilatihkan kemampuan untuk menciptakan interaksi yang hangat dan cara pendisiplinan yang efektif.
Studi ini menggunakan desain penelitian single subject design. Guna mengevaluasi efektivitas hasil intervensi ini, peneliti menggunakan DPICS-III untuk mengukur perkembangan interaksi antara ibu dan anak, Eyberg Childhood Behavior Inventory (ECBI) dan Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) untuk mengukur intensitas masalah perilaku disruptive. Hasil program intervensi menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perkembangan kualitas interaksi antara ibu dan anak, serta penurunan skor pada ECBI dan CBCL. Hasil yang didapatkan tersebut menunjukkan bahwa penerapan prinsip PCIT efektif untuk mengatasi perilaku disruptive pada anak usia middle childhood
ABSTRACTThe study used the Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT) to overcome disruptive behavior on 9 years old male child. Through the principals used in PCIT as the dyadic intervention, the mother taught and coached on the ability to create a warm interaction as the effective disciplinary. The study is a singlesubject study. To evaluate the effectiveness of the result, the study measured the development of interaction between the mother and child using the Dyadic Parent-Child Interaction Coding System – III (DPICS-III) and the disruptive behavior intensity using Eyberg Childhood Behavior Inventory (ECBI) dan Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). The result shows that the intervention resulted in a quality development between the mother-child interaction and a decrease in the ECBI and CBCL score. The result indicate that the principals used in PCIT may the effective to overcome disruptive behavior on middlechild-aged child."
Depok: Fakultas Psikologi Universitas Indonesia, 2014
T41894
UI - Tesis Membership Universitas Indonesia Library
Siti Maskuriyati Wasilah
"Pengabaian menimbulkan dampak serius pada tumbuh kembang anak yang termanifestasi ke dalam problem sosial (DePanfilis, 2006). Intervensi yang digunakan untuk mengatasi problem sosial pada anak yang diabaikan yaitu Theraplay. Theraplay bertujuan untuk membangun hubungan yang sehat antara anak dan orangtua serta meningkatkan attachment. Studi ini menekankan pada pentingnya kualitas orangtua dan anak untuk mengatasi permasalahan sosial yang timbul akibat pengabaian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perubahan ke arah positif pada masalah sosial pada hasil pengukuran menggunakan CBCL.
Neglect may lead serious problems which manifest as social problems (DePanfilis, 2006). Theraplay is one of the intervention that has been used to overcome the problem of interaction with peers in children neglected by parents. The goal is to enhance attachment and parent-child positive interactions. The study examined the importance of parent-child interaction to overcome social problem due to parental neglect. The result indicated a decreased in social problem as shown in CBCL."
Depok: Fakultas Psikologi Universitas Indonesia, 2015
T44581
UI - Tesis Membership Universitas Indonesia Library
Dian Nofita Ariani
"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh media naratif terhadap perolehan theory-of-mind (ToM) anak usia prasekolah (3 ? 5 tahun). Perolehan ToM diukur dengan menggunakan skala ToM oleh Wellman dan Liu (2004), dan keterpaparan pada media naratif buku cerita, acara TV, movie/DVD diukur dengan melakukan wawancara. Skala ToM diberikan pada 202 anak usia 3 ? 5 tahun, dan wawancara dilakukan pada pengasuh utama setiap anak. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa media naratif secara signifikan memengaruhi perolehan ToM, dengan R2 = .06; F(3, 198) = 4.192, p < 0.05. Selain itu juga diperoleh hasil mengenai pengaruh ketiga jenis media naratif terhadap perolehan setiap konsep ToM. Media naratif buku cerita berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap perolehan konsep knowledge access (KA) (β = .385, p < 0.05), sedangkan ketiga jenis media naratif tersebut tidak signifikan berpengaruh terhadap perolehan konsep diverse desires (DD), diverse beliefs (DB), false belief (FB), dan hidden emotion (HE).
This study aimed to investigate the effect of exposure to narrative media on preschoolers‟ theory-of-mind (3 ? 5 year olds). Theory-of-mind (ToM) was assessed using a ToM scale by Wellman and Liu (2004), and exposure to narrative media (children's storybooks, television, and movies) was measured by conducting an interview. The ToM scale was given to 202 children ages 3 ? 5, and interview was conducted with their parents. The result of this study showed that exposure to narrative media significantly influenced children's ToM (R2 = .06; F(3, 198) = 4.192, p < 0.05). This study also demonstrated about the effect of the three forms of narrative media on the acquisition of each of ToM concepts. Exposure to storybooks was significantly influenced the acquisition of knowledge access (KA) (β = .385, p < 0.05), whereas three forms of narrative media did not significantly predict four other ToM concepts, namely diverse desires (DD), diverse beliefs (DB), false belief (FB), and hidden emotion (HE)."
Depok: Fakultas Psikologi Universitas Indonesia, 2016
T45420
UI - Tesis Membership Universitas Indonesia Library
Gita Dwiputri
"[
ABSTRAKPenelitian ini melihat kontribusi penggunaan gaya pengasuhan autonomy dan conformity terhadap kemampuan anak memahami kondisi mental orang lain dalam situasi yang terkait dengan moralitas (morally-relevant theory of mind atau MoToM) dan melakukan penilaian moral. Pemahaman MoToM dan penilaian moral diukur dengan morally-relevant theory of mind task dan prototypic moral transgression scale (Killen, Mulvey, Richardson, Jampol, Woodward, 2011) kepada 122 partisipan anak usia 4 hingga 6 tahun. Gaya pengasuhan orangtua diukur dengan Parenting Attitudes Inventory (PAI) (Vinden, 2001; O‟Reilly & Peterson, 2014).
Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa gaya pengasuhan orangtua dan theory of mind anak berkontribusi sebanyak 35% terhadap pemahaman morally-relevant theory of mind anak. Kemampuan theory of mind berkontribusi terhadap kemampuan anak dalam melakukan penilaian moral akan situasi pelanggaran moral yang terjadi secara intensional (prototypic transgression). Tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara gaya pegnasuhan orangtua dan penilaian moral anak.
ABSTRACTThis study aims to explore autonomy and conformity parenting style contribution to children‟s understanding of others mental state in a moral situation (morally-relevant theory of mind or MoToM) and doing moral judgments. MoToM understanding and children‟s moral judgments were measured by morally-relevant theory of mind task and prototypic moral transgression scale (Killen, Mulvey, Richardson, Jampol, Woodward, 2011) to 122 children aged 4 ? 6 years old. Parenting style was assessed by Parenting Attitudes Inventory (PAI) (Vinden, 2001; O‟Reilly & Peterson, 2014).The result of this study showed that parenting style and children‟s theory of mind contributed to children‟s morally-relevant theory of mind understanding by 35%. Theory of mind understanding also contributed to children‟s moral judgments in an intentional moral transgression situasion (prototypic transgression). However, there was null significant links between parenting style and children‟s moral judgments, This study aims to explore autonomy and conformity parenting style contribution to children‟s understanding of others mental state in a moral situation (morally-relevant theory of mind or MoToM) and doing moral judgments. MoToM understanding and children‟s moral judgments were measured by morally-relevant theory of mind task and prototypic moral transgression scale (Killen, Mulvey, Richardson, Jampol, Woodward, 2011) to 122 children aged 4 – 6 years old. Parenting style was assessed by Parenting Attitudes Inventory (PAI) (Vinden, 2001; O‟Reilly & Peterson, 2014).The result of this study showed that parenting style and children‟s theory of mind contributed to children‟s morally-relevant theory of mind understanding by 35%. Theory of mind understanding also contributed to children‟s moral judgments in an intentional moral transgression situasion (prototypic transgression). However, there was null significant links between parenting style and children‟s moral judgments]"
2015
T45422
UI - Tesis Membership Universitas Indonesia Library
Fatharani Nadhira
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ABSTRAKAnak-anak dengan autisme memiliki defisit pada kemampuan komunikasi dan interaksi sosialnya. Salah satu bentuk defisitnya bahkan tampak dalam kontak sosial sederhana yaitu kurangnya atau tidak adanya kontak mata, padahal kemampuan tersebut diketahui penting bagi anak untuk mengembangkan keterampilan lain yang lebih kompleks, seperti bahasa, kemampuan untuk memperhatikan (attending), bahkan dapat mempengaruhi edukasi dan pemahaman pelajaran anak. Penerapan prompting merupakan salah satu aplikasi modifikasi perilaku yang lazim digunakan untuk membentuk perilaku pada anak dengan autisme.
Penelitian ini bermaksud untuk melihat keberhasilan dari penerapan prompting untuk meningkatkan kontak mata pada anak laki-laki berusia 6 tahun dengan autisme. Hasil studi ini menunjukkan bahwa penerapan prompting dapat meningkatkan kontak mata anak dengan autism.
ABSTRACTChildren with autism experience deficit in social communication and interaction. One of the deficit that is visible even in basic social contact is lack of eye contact. Eye contact is known to be important for children to develop another skill that is more complex, like language, attending skills, and might influence education and understanding of subjects. Prompting is one of the basic procedure in behavior modification known to help improve children with autism, especially in improving eye contact.Thus, this study is interested to see how the application of shaping to improve eye contact in a 6 years old boy with autism, will work. The result showed that the application prompting did improve eye contact in a child with autism."
Depok: Fakultas Psikologi Universitas Indonesia, 2016
T45123
UI - Tesis Membership Universitas Indonesia Library
Fathya Artha Utami
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ABSTRAKAnak memiliki regulasi diri yang baik apabila ia mampu mengendalikan tindakannya. Pada usia prasekolah, kemampuan regulasi diri diharapkan sudah dikuasai oleh anak agar bisa berfungsi lebih baik pada kehidupan sehari-hari khususnya lingkungan sosial. Jika kemampuan ini terhambat, maka anak dapat menunjukkan berbagai permasalahan khususnya masalah perilaku dan menghambat berbagai aspek kehidupannya. Beberapa studi menemukan bahwa masalah regulasi dapat diminimalisir sedini mungkin melalui attachment yang positif dengan pengasuhnya. Sikap sensitif dan responsif orangtua berkontribusi terhadap secure attachment anak yang berdampak pada perkembangan regulasi dirinya. Pada kasus B, yang berusia 4 tahun 1 bulan, ia memiliki masalah regulasi diri sekaligus attachment dengan orangtua. Dalam menangani kasus tersebut, pada penelitian ini theraplay digunakan dengan melibatkan orangtua. Penelitian ini menggunakan single-case design. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penerapan theraplay efektif dalam menangani masalah regulasi diri pada B yang terlihat dari perubahan perilaku B dalam kehidupan sehari-hari, penurunan skor perilaku pada profil CBCL, dan perubahan positif pada interaksi orangtua anak yang dilihat secara kualitatif dari MIM.
ABSTRACTChildren have a good self-regulation if he is able to control his actions. At preschool age, the ability of self-regulation is expected to be mastered by the child to function better in everyday life, especially social context. If this ability is hampered, then the child can indicate a variety of problems, especially problems of behavior and inhibit various aspects of life. Some studies found that regulatory issues can be minimized as early as possible through a positive attachment with a caregiver. Sensitive and responsive attitude of the parents contribute to the child's secure attachment which affect the development of the self-regulation itself. In the case of B, aged 4 years and 1 month, he has a problem with self-regulation at the same attachment parenting. In dealing with such cases, theraplay used in this study by involve parents. This study uses a single-case design. Results from this study indicate that the application of theraplay effective in addressing the problem of self-regulation in B seen from the behavior changes in everyday life, decrease behavioral scores on CBCL profile, and positive changes in parent-child interactions are seen qualitatively from MIM."
Depok: Fakultas Psikologi Universitas Indonesia, 2016
T45292
UI - Tesis Membership Universitas Indonesia Library
Erynda Trihardja
"Kecemasan sosial pada anak usia sekolah perlu mendapatkan penanganan. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain single-case untuk mendapatkan gambaran penerapan intervensi Theraplay dalam mengatasi masalah kecemasan sosial dan Parent-Child Relational Problems pada anak. Partisipan penelitian adalah anak perempuan berusia sembilan tahun dengan masalah kecemasan sosial dan didiagnosis parent-child relational problems, bersama dengan kedua orangtuanya. Sesi terapi dilakukan sebanyak delapan sesi selama ±60 menit setiap sesinya.
Hasil yang diperoleh penelitian ini adalah kecemasan sosial pada K sudah dapat diatasi namun belum sepenuhnya. Berdasarkan Child?s Behavior Checklist, terjadi penurunan skor pada skala masalah perilaku internalizing dan pada aspek anxious/depressed. Berdasarkan Social Anxiety Scale for Children Revised, terjadi penurunan skor total dan skor pada komponen fear of negative evaluation. Interaksi orangtua-anak yang teramati melalui Marschack Interaction Method pada dimensi structure, engagement, nurture, dan challenge meningkat lebih positif.
Social anxiety in middle childhood needs immediate treatment. This study conducted a single-case research in order to get an overview of the application of Theraplay in treating child?s social anxiety and parent-child relational problems. A nine year old girl with social anxiety and is diagnosed with parent-child relational problems was selected as participant along with her parents. A total of eight treatment sessions for ±60 minutes each were conducted in this study. The result indicated that Theraplay could be applied to treat social anxiety in child with parent-child relational problems. The score of internalizing and anxious/depressed problem scales in Child?s Behavior Checklist were decreased. The total score and the score of fear of negative evaluation component in Social Anxiety Scale for Children Revised was decreased as well. Parent-child interaction, measured with Marschack Interaction Method, was found to increase according to its four dimensions, which is structure, engagement, nurture, and challenge."
Depok: Fakultas Psikologi Universitas Indonesia, 2016
T46572
UI - Tesis Membership Universitas Indonesia Library
Anastasia Setyaning Anandiputri Satriyo
"Tesis ini membahas tentang penerapan Theraplay pada anak usia prasekolah yang mengalami Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD). Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif single-case design yang melibatkan anak dan orangtua. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa intervensi Theraplay efektif dalam menangani GAD pada anak usia pra-sekolah. Efektivitas Theraplay dalam menangani GAD terlihat dari beberapa gejala GAD yang tidak lagi muncul setelah intervensi, seperti ketegangan otot dan kesulitan tidur. Selain itu, tingkat kecemasan juga menurun setelah intervensi sehingga anak tidak lagi mengalami kecemasan yang mengganggu fungsi adaptif di rumah, sekolah, dan lingkungan sosial. Setelah intervensi ia lebih mampu mengelola kecemasannya, menerima pengalaman baru secara lebih positif, dan memiliki fungsi adaptif yang lebih baik. Melalui intervensi Theraplay, terjadi peningkatan kualitas interaksi antara ibu dan anak sehingga attachment antara ibu dan anak menjadi lebih positif. Interaksi antara anak dan orangtua yang semakin positif mengubah internal working model (IWM) anak sehingga kepercayaan diri anak meningkat. Selain itu, perubahan IWM juga menjadikan cara pandang anak terhadap lingkungan dan dunia sekitarnya lebih positif. Hal ini berdampak pada penurunan skor internalizing scale dan peningkatan fungsi adaptif dalam kehidupan sehari-hari.
The purpose of this study is to examine the effectivity of Theraplay on preschool children with Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD). This study uses a qualitative single-case design which involves a child and his parent. Results show that Theraplay is an effective intervention for a preschooler with GAD. Several GAD symptoms were no longer present after the intervention, specifically muscle tension and sleeping problem. Furthermore, the level of anxiety also decreased to a point where the child no longer experienced excessive and uncontrollable anxiety which intervered with her adaptive functioning at home, school, and other social environments. After the intervention, she is more able to manage her anxiety, perceive new experiences more positively, and has improved adaptive functions. Through Theraplay, the quality of interaction between the mother and child evidently increased in that the attachment between them became more positive. The improved interaction between the parent and child shifted the internal working model (IWM) so that the child's self-esteem increased. Moreover, this shift in IWM also positively influenced the child`s perspective of looking at her environment. This in turn resulted in a decrease in internalizing scores and an increase in daily adaptive functioning."
Depok: Fakultas Psikologi Universitas Indonesia, 2016
T46723
UI - Tesis Membership Universitas Indonesia Library
Wulandini
"Pengaruh media terhadap kemampuan memahami mental state, yang dikenal sebagai theory of mind (ToM), telah menarik perhatian peneliti perkembangan dalam lima tahun terakhir. Salah satu bentuk media yang sering diteliti adalah fiksi sastra yang telah terbukti berpengaruh terhadap ToM karena mampu memunculkan respon emosi dan intelektual. Penelitian pengaruh fiksi sastra terhadap ToM di kalangan anak usia sekolah bernilai penting. Di masa sekolah, anak tengah menghadapi interaksi dan konteks sosial yang semakin luas, seiring semakin berkembangnya penalaran mental state dan kemampuan literasinya.
Untuk membuktikan pengaruh fiksi sastra terhadap ToM anak usia sekolah, peneliti melakukan studi dengan tiga kelompok eksperimen yang masing-masing diberikan bacaan fiksi sastra, fiksi populer, non fiksi, dan satu kelompok kontrol. Perbandingan hasil tes keempat kelompok pada kemampuan first order dan second order ToM menunjukkan bahwa membaca fiksi sastra berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap kemampuan first order dan pengaruhnya lebih baik dibandingkan membaca genre lainnya.
Media influence on the ability to understand the mental state, known as the theory of mind (ToM), has attracted the attention of developmental researchers in the last five years. One of the media that is often studied were fiction. The type of fiction that has proven to give effect on ToM is the literary fiction in which considered able to bring emotional and intellectual response. The study of the effect of literary fiction on ToM conducted towards schoolage children is an important value. School-age children is facing wider interactions and social context, as their development of mental-state in reasoning ability and literacy skills. Experimental study has done to prove the effect of literary fiction on ToM of school age with three experimental groups, they were groups of reading literary fiction, popular fiction, non-fiction, and one as a control group. Comparison of the results of ToM tests of four groups on the ability of first-order and second order indicate that reading literary fiction significantly affect the ability of first-order and the effect is better than reading the other genres."
Depok: Fakultas Psikologi Universitas Indonesia, 2016
T46462
UI - Tesis Membership Universitas Indonesia Library
Devi Rusli
"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah pengasuhan individualis dan kolektivis memengaruhi perolehan ToM pada anak usia 3?5 tahun. Perolehan ToM diukur dengan menggunakan skala ToM yang dikembangkan oleh Wellman dan Liu (2004), dan pengasuhan individualis dan kolektivis diukur dengan skala yang dikembangkan dari skala individualis-kolektivis Triandis dan Gelfand. Skala ToM diberikan pada 202 anak (102 laki-laki, 100 perempuan), usia 3-5 tahun/36-71 bulan (M = 55, SD = 3.253), dan kuesioner diisi oleh orangtua masing-masing anak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengasuhan individualis dan pengasuhan kolektivis tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap perolehan ToM., dengan R2 = .012, p > 0.05. Pengasuhan individualis berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap perolehan konsep diverse beliefs (DB) (β = 0.017, p < 0.05), sedangkan pengasuhan kolektivis tidak berpengaruh terhadap perolehan kelima konsep ToM.
This study aimed to investigate whether individualism and collectivism parenting affect theory of mind acquisition in children age 3-5 years. Theory of mind (ToM) acquisition was assessed using a ToM scale by Wellman and Liu (2004), and individualism and collectivism parenting was measured with a scale that was developed from Triandis and Gelfand's individualism collectivism scale. The ToM scale was given to 202 children ages 3 ? 5 years old/36-71 months (M = 55, SD = 3.253), and individualism and collectivism parenting scale was administered to their parents. The result of this study showed that individualism and collectivism parenting did not significantly influence children?s ToM (R2 = .012, p > 0.05.). Individualism parenting significantly influenced the acquisition of diverse beliefs (DB) (β = 0.017, p < 0.05), whereas collectivism parenting did not significantly predict the acquisition of the five concepts of ToM."
Depok: Fakultas Psikologi Universitas Indonesia, 2016
T46219
UI - Tesis Membership Universitas Indonesia Library
