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"In Indonesia, overexploitation of marine resource, specifically on fisheries sector, is accompanied with destructive fishing behavior and Illegal, Unregulated and Unreported (IUU) fishing activities. These problems cause Indonesia to suffer loss amounting to around $20 million per year. Indonesia is committed to implement sustainable marine resource and fisheries management by establishing Marine Protected Areas (MPA) reaching to 30 hectares by the end of 2030. Yet, there is no recent empirical study concerning the impact of MPA establishment in Indonesia to the overfishing condition. This research is aimed to answer the question. We employ Schaefer and Fox model to measure the Maximum Sustainable Yield (MSY) as the basis to calculate overfishing index. Overfishing comparison analysis is done by mean difference t-test and panel data regression. Given limitation of data, MPA, regency and Fisheries Management Area (Wilayah Pengelolaan Perikanan/WPP) level of data to obtain robust data. We found that, using mean difference t-test, overfishing index in MPA is lower compared to overfishing in level of regency and WPP. Panel data regression result also support our previous finding as MPA establishment has negative and significant impact to overfishing index. Other factors affecting overfishing level are the amount of total and sustainable effort. Our findings indicate that Indonesia is managing its MPA in the right way. Therefore, it is reasonable for government to expand MPA area in Indonesia in realizing the commitment of establishing 30 ha of MPA."