Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK Sebelum konsep cultural distance dikembangkan, konsep distance dalam perdagangan terfokus kepada geographical distance. Perbedaan norms, values, serta beliefs merupakan cultural distance yang berpotensi memunculkan trade cost sehingga menurunkan perdagangan. Variabel dari World Values Survey seperti trust, respect, control, dan obedience digunakan sebagai indikator cultural distance untuk menganalisis hubungan cultural distance dan perdagangan di dalam kawasan ekonomi APEC. Sebanyak 6,728 observasi digunakan dengan periode penelitian tahun 1990-2013, pertama-tama penelitian ini menggunakan metode estimasi pooled-effect OLS.Namun hasil dari pooled-effect OLS berpotensi mengandung endogenitas, sehingga penelitian ini menggunakan 3SLS sebagai strategi empiris dalam mengatasi endogenitas. Hasil estimasi menunjukkan cultural distance tidak berpengaruh terhadap perdagangan di dalam kawasan APEC, tetapi perdagangan di dalam kawasan ekonomi APEC terbukti mampu menurunkan keengganan berdagang yang muncul akibat cultural distance.

---

ABSTRACT Before the concept of cultural distance has been developed, the concept of distance in the trade has focused on geographical distance. The Differences of norms, values, and beliefs are forms of cultural distance that have potential to generate trade cost, thus lowering trade. Variables from World Values Surveys such as trust, respect, control, and obedience are used as indicators of cultural distance to analyze cultural distance and trade relations within APEC economies. A total of 6,728 observations were used for the period of 1990 2013, first of all this research used the pooled effect OLS estimation method.However, the result of pooled effect OLS potentially contains endogeneity, so this study uses 3SLS as an empirical strategy in overcoming endogenity. The estimation result shows that cultural distance has no impact within the APEC economic region, on the other hand trade within the APEC economic region decreases the reluctance of trading that occurs due to cultural distance.

Abstrak :
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh fluktuasi nilai tukar terhadap ekspor di lima negara pendiri ASEAN yaitu Indonesia, Malaysia, Filipina, Thailand, dan Singapura dengan periode penelitian dari tahun 2003 hingga 2012. Nilai tukar masing-masing negara sampel dipatok berdasarkan nilai dollar. Variabel dependen dari penelitian ini adalah ekspor dengan variabel indepeden berupa produk domestik bruto negara pengekspor, produk domestik bruto negara pengimpor, harga relatif, fluktuasi nilai tukar, serta jarak di antara dua negara yang berdagang. Untuk mengukur fluktuasi nilai tukar, dalam penelitian ini digunakan tiga pengukuran; Standard Deviation (SD), Moving Average Standard Deviation (MASD), dan General Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasity (GARCH). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan uji panel unit root, uji kointegrasi, dan regresi data panel menggunakan model random effect. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa fluktuasi nilai tukar baik dengan menggunakan pengukuran SD, MASD, dan GARCH tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap ekspor di lima negara pendiri ASEAN pada periode 2003-2012.

---

The aim of this study is to analyze the effect of exchange rate volatility against export from five countries of the ASEAN founders i.e. Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Thailand, and Singapore with a period of the research 2003 until 2012. Exchange rate of this study from the sample countries against to dollar. The dependent variable of this research is export along with the independent variables are gross domestic product of exporting country, gross domestic product of importing country, relative price, exchange rate volatility, and distance between two countries. For measuring exchange rate volatility, in this research used three measurements; Standard Deviation (SD), Moving Average Standard Deviation (MASD), and General Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasity (GARCH). Method of this research is quantitative with panel unit root test, cointegration test, and panel data regression by using the random effect model. The results of this study find that exchange rate volatility either by using measurement of SD, MASD, and GARCH has no effect significantly for export in five countries of ASEAN founders period 2003-2012.