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"Situasi banjir informasi pada era media baru, khususnya media online, pada saat ini menyebabkan persaingan bisnis yang membuat para pemilik situs berita online ramai-ramai mengejar traffic. Dalam kondisi demikian, pola audiens dalam mengonsumsi media baru telah bergeser dengan adanya unsur selektivitas dan interaktivitas. Hal ini menjadikan banyaknya kemunculan berita-berita dengan bingkai beragam cara yang ditujukan untuk menarik perhatian audiens. Ada konsekuensi negatif yang harus ditanggung yakni rancunya kebenaran ataupun akurasi suatu berita karena kaidah-kaidah jurnalistik yang seringkali terabaikan. Hilangnya gatekeeper dalam penyampaian berita dalam media baru khususnya media online menjadi musuh terbesar dalam akurasi berita dan mengubah konsep komunikasi massa. Karakteristik media online yang begitu cepat menyajikan berita dalam beraneka raga bingkai diprediksi memiliki dampak bagi individu. Ada satu konsep dalam multidisiplin ilmu komunikasi dan psikologi terkait dengan efek bingkai bagi individu, yakni heuristik. Penilaian heuristik adalah penilaian yang fast dan frugal yaitu berlangsung secara otomatis dan cepat dalam menilai suatu bingkai berita. Penelitian ini akan melihat apakah bingkai berita-berita online memiliki dampak bagi individu, khususnya penilaian heuristik mereka, atau tidak. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam menjawab pertanyaan penelitian adalah dengan menggunakan metode kuantitatif eksperimen. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi bagi penelitian tentang efek media. ......Flood of information in the new media era, especially online media, at the moment led to business competition among the industry chasing the traffic. In such conditions, the pattern of the audience consumpting new media has shifted to the element of selectivity and interactivity. This makes the number of news frame in diversed ways intended to attract the audience. There are negative consequences to be borned by the ambiguous truth or accuracy of any news because of the rules of journalism that are often overlooked. The loss of gatekeeper in delivering the news in the new media become the biggest enemy of the accuracy and change the concept of mass communication. The characteristic of online media quickly presenting the news in a variety of body frame is predicted to have an impact for the individual. There is a concept in multidisciplinary communication science and psychology associated with the effect of the frame for the individual, which is a heuristic. Heuristic judgement is a fast and frugal assessment which takes place automatically and quickly assess from the news frame. This study will look at whether the frame of online news has implications for individual, in particular assessment of their heuristics, or not. The method used to answer the research questions is quantitative methods experiment. The results of this study are expected to contribute to research on the media effects."

"This final assignment is observing about government system and institutions relationship in Indonesia, since Soeharto?s era until Reformation era. Its research is focused on presidentialism practice in Indonesia, study case of SBY-JK government (October 2004 ? March 2008). This objective study is based on the theories of presidentialism, democracy, political party, and presidential leadership especially in the third world with qualitative literature approach.Executive and legislative institution in Indonesia, had a dynamic relationship since Soeharto?s era. That situation made a problem in presidentialism practice. Within Soeharto?s power, new order era succeed to make executive heavy on the system. It means, Soeharto controlled the government system and became a centralistic of authority. On the other hand, legislative was powerless. This executive heavy caused dissatisfaction on the accountability, transparency, and mandate for the people. President is voted by legislative but in practical, executive was so powerful. Many people had realized then, if there were a disappointment on the government and political practice for 32 years of Soeharto?s era. After that, General economic distress was happened on 1997 in Indonesia within global monetary crisis. In addition, the government was controlled by corruption, collusion, and nepotism politician. As a result, people pushed the reform in 1998.Reformation 1998, has made a renewal in institutional relationship between executive, legislative, and judicative, especially President - House of Representative. With amendment UUD 1945, liberalization of political parties was occurred, House of Representative?s authority has been empowered, and all of the problems were started to be fixed. In the next four generation of President (B.J. Habibie, Gus Dur, Megawati, SBY), Indonesia had implemented those reform, but still adjusted. Until the election in 2004 and almost 10 years, reformation still has had a problem in presidentialism practice.The election in 2004 (within separated election and multiparty) was the new era for President who would be more powerful because of the direct election, but on the contrary, the combination between presidentialism and multiparty was a complicated combination. President faced with coalition party, minority president, and cohabitation in executive leadership. The fact, SBY-JK controls the government with weak management/policy and leadership of SBY-JK inside. So that, many problems which are faced by the government cannot be solved effectively/efficiently, at least during this research is being done."