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"ABSTRAKPeralatan elektrik rumah tangga merupakan bentuk Extremely Low Frequency - Electromagnetic Field (ELF-EMF) yang diduga dapat mempengaruhi aktivitashormonal siklus ovarium, termasuk folikulogenesis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh pemajanan ELF-EMF dengan tegangan tertentu (kontrol, 3 kV, 4 kV, 5 kV) terhadap jumlah dan morfologi folikel primer, serta melihat ada tidaknya efek kumulatif antar-generasi (generasi pertama, kedua, dan ketiga).Metode yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimental pada mencit strain Swiss Webster. Mencit yang dietanasi akan diambil ovariumnya untuk dijadikan sampel penelitian. Sampel untuk tiap tegangan dan tiap generasi berjumlah sebanyak 5 buah, dengan total yang akan dianalisis sebanyak 60 sampel. Pada uji normalitas dengan Kolmogorov-smirnov, data yang terdistribusi normal (p 0,05) dianalisis dengan uji one-way ANOVA, sedangkan data yang distribusinya tidak normal (p < 0,05) dianalisis dengan uji Kruskal-wallis. Seluruh analisis data menunjukkan p 0,05, sehingga tidak dilanjutkan dengan analisis Post Hoc. Oleh karena itu, dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemajanan ELF-EMF pada berbagai tegangan tidak mempengaruhi jumlah dan morfologi folikel primer mencit, serta tidak terdapat efek kumulatif antar-generasi.

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ABSTRACTHousehold electrical appliances is a form of Extremely Low Frequency -Electromagnetic Field (ELF-EMF) that might impact on hormonal activity ofovarian cycle, including folliculogenesis. This study aimed to examine the effectof ELF-EMF exposure with a certain voltage (control, 3 kV, 4 kV, 5 kV) to thenumber and morphology of primary follicles, and see whether there is acumulative effect of inter-generation (first, second, and third generation). Themethod used is experimental on strain Swiss Webster mice. Executed mice?sovary will be taken for the research sample. Sample for each voltage and eachgeneration amounted to as much as 5 pieces, with a total of 60 samples will beanalyzed. In the test of normality with the Kolmogorov-Smirnov, normallydistributed data (p
0.05) were analyzed by one-way ANOVA test, whileunnormally distributed data (p <0.05) were analyzed with the Kruskal-Wallis test.The entire analysis of the data showed p
0.05, so it is not followed by Post Hocanalysis. Therefore, it can be concluded that exposure of ELF-EMF with certainvoltage does not affect the number and morphology of primary follicles of mice,and there is no cumulative effect of inter-generational.;Household electrical appliances is a form of Extremely Low Frequency -Electromagnetic Field (ELF-EMF) that might impact on hormonal activity ofovarian cycle, including folliculogenesis. This study aimed to examine the effectof ELF-EMF exposure with a certain voltage (control, 3 kV, 4 kV, 5 kV) to thenumber and morphology of primary follicles, and see whether there is acumulative effect of inter-generation (first, second, and third generation). Themethod used is experimental on strain Swiss Webster mice. Executed mice?sovary will be taken for the research sample. Sample for each voltage and eachgeneration amounted to as much as 5 pieces, with a total of 60 samples will beanalyzed. In the test of normality with the Kolmogorov-Smirnov, normallydistributed data (p
0.05) were analyzed by one-way ANOVA test, whileunnormally distributed data (p <0.05) were analyzed with the Kruskal-Wallis test.The entire analysis of the data showed p
0.05, so it is not followed by Post Hocanalysis. Therefore, it can be concluded that exposure of ELF-EMF with certainvoltage does not affect the number and morphology of primary follicles of mice,and there is no cumulative effect of inter-generational.;Household electrical appliances is a form of Extremely Low Frequency -Electromagnetic Field (ELF-EMF) that might impact on hormonal activity ofovarian cycle, including folliculogenesis. This study aimed to examine the effectof ELF-EMF exposure with a certain voltage (control, 3 kV, 4 kV, 5 kV) to thenumber and morphology of primary follicles, and see whether there is acumulative effect of inter-generation (first, second, and third generation). Themethod used is experimental on strain Swiss Webster mice. Executed mice?sovary will be taken for the research sample. Sample for each voltage and eachgeneration amounted to as much as 5 pieces, with a total of 60 samples will beanalyzed. In the test of normality with the Kolmogorov-Smirnov, normallydistributed data (p
0.05) were analyzed by one-way ANOVA test, whileunnormally distributed data (p <0.05) were analyzed with the Kruskal-Wallis test.The entire analysis of the data showed p
0.05, so it is not followed by Post Hocanalysis. Therefore, it can be concluded that exposure of ELF-EMF with certainvoltage does not affect the number and morphology of primary follicles of mice,and there is no cumulative effect of inter-generational.;Household electrical appliances is a form of Extremely Low Frequency -Electromagnetic Field (ELF-EMF) that might impact on hormonal activity ofovarian cycle, including folliculogenesis. This study aimed to examine the effectof ELF-EMF exposure with a certain voltage (control, 3 kV, 4 kV, 5 kV) to thenumber and morphology of primary follicles, and see whether there is acumulative effect of inter-generation (first, second, and third generation). Themethod used is experimental on strain Swiss Webster mice. Executed mice?sovary will be taken for the research sample. Sample for each voltage and eachgeneration amounted to as much as 5 pieces, with a total of 60 samples will beanalyzed. In the test of normality with the Kolmogorov-Smirnov, normallydistributed data (p
0.05) were analyzed by one-way ANOVA test, whileunnormally distributed data (p <0.05) were analyzed with the Kruskal-Wallis test.The entire analysis of the data showed p
0.05, so it is not followed by Post Hocanalysis. Therefore, it can be concluded that exposure of ELF-EMF with certainvoltage does not affect the number and morphology of primary follicles of mice,and there is no cumulative effect of inter-generational."

"Latar belakang : Pandemi COVID-19 mempengaruhi kesehatan fisik dan mental. Pasien LES juga rentan mengalami gangguan psikosomatik yang dapat menurunkan kualitas hidup pasien LES. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan gangguan psikosomatik pada pasien LES pada masa pandemi COVID-19. Metode : Penelitian ini merupakan studi potong lintang pada pasien LES wanita dewasa di poliklinik Alergi Imunologi dan poliklinik Reumatologi RS Cipto Mangunkusumo pada bulan September hingga Oktober 2021. Data mengenai gangguan psikosomatik menggunakan kuesioner SCL-90, kemudian dilanjutkan pengumpulan data mengenai faktor demografis (usia, tingkat pendidikan, persepsi kondisi COVID-19, persepsi stres dengan PSS, dan stresor psikososial dengan skor Holmes dan Rahe) serta faktor klinis (derajat aktivitas penyakit dengan MEX-SLEDAI, terapi kortikosteroid, dan riwayat terinfeksi COVID-19 pada pasien dan keluarga). Analisis bivariat menggunakan uji Chi-square. Variabel dengan nilai p < 0,25 dianalisis lebih lanjut dengan regresi logistik, dengan nilai p < 0,05 dianggap signifikan. Hasil : 200 pasien wanita dewasa dengan SLE direkrut dalam penelitian. Lebih dari separuh subjek penelitian (54%) mengalami gangguan psikosomatik. Dari analisis multivariat diperoleh tingkat pendidikan tinggi, stresor psikososial risiko sedang-tinggi, serta derajat aktivitas penyakit sedang-sangat berat berhubungan secara signifikan dengan gangguan psikosomatik pada pasien LES di masa pandemi COVID-19 Kesimpulan : Tingkat pendidikan, stresor psikososial, dan derajat aktivitas penyakit berhubungan secara signifikan dengan terjadinya gangguan psikosomatik pada pasien LES di masa pandemi COVID-19.

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Background : The COVID-19 pandemic affects physical and mental health. SLE patients are also prone to psychosomatic disorders which could decrease quality of life. This study aimed to find out the factors that were associated with psychosomatic disorders among SLE patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method : This was a cross sectional study of adult female SLE patients from outpatient clinic of Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, from September to October 2021. Data regarding psychosomatic disorders using SCL-90 questionnaires, then demographic factors (age, education level, perception of COVID-19 conditions, perception of stress using PSS, psychosocial stressors using Holmes and Rahe scores) and clinical factors (disease activity using MEX-SLEDAI, corticosteroid, and history of being infected with COVID-19 in patients or their family) were collected. Bivariate analysis was conducted with Chi-square test. Variables with a p-value <0.25 were further analyzed with logistic regression, a p-value <0.05 was considered significant. Results : There were 200 female SLE patients recruited. More than half of the subjects (54%) experienced psychosomatic disorders. From multivariate analysis, high education level, moderate to high psychosocial stressors, and moderate to very severe disease activity level were significantly associated with the occurrence of psychosomatic disorders in SLE patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusion : Education level, psychosocial stressors, and disease activity level were significantly associated with the occurrence of psychosomatic disorders in SLE patients during the COVID-19 pandemic."