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"ABSTRAKJakarta lies in low-lying deltas served by the Ciliwung River and many other small rivers. Due to overpopulation in Jakarta, green open spaces are diminishing. Since infiltration capacities of land in Jakarta have decreased, surface runoff has become more extensive. As a result, Jakarta is often stricken by flood disasters which affect human life, property, and urban infrastructures. The objectives of this study are to identify and develop mitigation strategies during flood disasters for communities and urban infrastructures, including facilities that supply water for daily use as well as drinking water, and also sanitation facilities. Primary data was collected during field surveys, while secondary data represents information obtained from relevant literature. The results of this study show that the average height of water during flooding was about 1 meter, and the highest level reported as 4 meters. The time required to fully drain the flooding areas is typically about five days. However, the degree of damage to buildings andproperty is relatively minor during a flood. The study also reveals that residents who have lived in their houses more than 25 years generally had been hit by floods at least two times. Thus, these communities demonstrated that they had learned from their experiences to preparethemselves for future flooding to reduce the extent of damage, suffering, and loss. Public guidelines for mitigating damages caused by flood disasters should be developed and followed with communication and explanation to the communities within the various regions of Jakarta.The water supply facilities, such as reservoirs, and sanitation facilities should ensure that water tanks are made available to every shelter and campground, and that permanent public toilets are provided."

"Air sangat penting untuk kelangsungan kehidupan manusia untuk dimanfaatkan tidak hanya untuk keperluan sehari- hari seperti untuk minum, makan, mandi, namun juga untuk keperluan lain seperti pertanian, industri, pariwisata dan lain sebagainya. Pertambahan penduduk, peningkatan jumlah pemukiman, pertumbuhan industri khususnya di sepanjang daerah aliran sungai dan yang membuang limbahnya ke air permukaan tersebut, menyebabkan terjadinya peningkatan pencemaran kualitas air permukaan. Bangunan instalasi pengolahan air minum yang mengolah air baku menjadi air minum telah berusia 15 sampai dengan 40 tahun, yang pembangunannya didasarkan terhadap kualitas air baku yang ada pada masa itu. Pada kenyataannya kualitas air baku sekarang ini sudah melampaui batasan parameter kualitas standar yang diijinkan sesuai ketentuan yang ada. Upaya penambahan bangunan pengolahan serta penambahan proses pengolahan sebagai alternative teknologi untuk mengurangi beban pencemar menyebabkan menambah biaya investasi yang berakibat dengan meningkatnya biaya produksi air minum. Peningkatan biaya produksi akan juga berpengaruh terhadap tarif air minum. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendap atkan pendapat konsumen pelanggan air minum terhadap kesediaan membayar tarif (willingness to pay) air minum terhadap pelayanan air minum. Penelitian ini dilakukan terhadap pelanggan air minum dari Instalasi Pengolahan Air Minum Buaran, Pulo Gadung dan Pejompongan berdasarkan jumlah sambungan dan pelayan yang diberikan oleh pengelolaan PT TPJ (sekarang PT.AERTA) dan PT. PALYJA. Pendekatan perhitungan kesediaan untuk membayar tarif air minum menggunakan Statistical Product and Service Solution (SPSS) Versi 12. Hasil yang diperoleh bahwa kesediaan untuk membayar tarif air minum tidak hanya ditentukan oleh luas bangunan rumah pelanggan air minum, namun juga tergantung kepada pendapatan pelanggan, jumlah kran dalam rumah, ukuran tanah, dan kualitas air yang dihasilkan.

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Water is used not only for daily life such as drink, food, bath but also for other purposes such as agriculture, industry and many other purposes. Population growth, increasing on housing, industrialization, and other generated activities especially along the river basin increased waste pollution. In general, Water Treatment Plants have been constructed for 15 and 40 years ago, with the criteria of the construction of this plant is based on water quality parameter at that time. In fact, raw water quality from river is exceeding water quality parameter standard according to water quality regulation. Alternative technology to reduce that pollution by constructing additional structure or additional process to reduce the pollution in water treatment plan will effect the investment cost as well as the production cost as the result will also effect water tariff. The objectives of this research is to determine the consumer?s opinion on willingness to pay on water supply services. This research is conducted among water supply consumer population from Buaran, Pulo Gadung and Pejompongan water treatment plant, and the proportion on the sample size is also based on number of piping connection under TPJ (AERTA) and PALYJA management. Willingness to pay approach used Statistical Product and Service Solution (SPSS Version 12). It is found that willingness consumer water supply to pay the tariff is not only depending on area of the houses, but also depending on salary of the consumers, number of tap or valve in the house, area of the land and quality of the water produced by water supply enterprises."

"Trading activities, whether in traditional or modern markets, generate both solid waste and wastewater. This study aims to analyze the characteristics and composition of solid waste generated from traditional and modern markets and their potential reductions in Pasar Pondok Bambu and Pasar Cinere, based on waste generation, composition, and solid waste’s characteristics that are generated from both markets. The method used in this study is based on SNI 19-3964-1994 about Measurement and Collection Method for Waste Generation and Composition of Municipal Solid Waste Sample. Results showed that the average volume of solid waste generation from Pasar Pondok Bambu and Pasar Segar Cinere is 2.74 m3/day and 0.76 m3/day, respectively. The main components of Pasar Pondok Bambu solid waste are 65.56% garden and vegetable waste, 13.04% slaughterhouse waste, 7.34% plastic waste, and 7.28% food waste. Meanwhile, the main components of Pasar Segar Cinere are 58.77% garden and vegetable waste, 20.58% food waste, 9.60% plastic waste, and 3.76% paper waste. There is a chance to reduce the amount of waste in both traditional markets in order to reduce the waste load in landfills. Alternatives to reducing the amount of solid waste are through reducing, reusing, recycling, and composting. These alternatives are expected to reduce solid waste generation in both Pasar Pondok Bambu and Pasar Segar Cinere. In order to be able to be used as compost material, both sources of solid waste should add materials such as leaves from garden waste to increase the levels of carbon content. Based on solid waste composition, potential reduction waste in both Pasar Pondok Bambu and Pasar Segar Cinere is around 40%."