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Abstrak :
Asam suksinat dapat diproduksi dari tandan kosong kelapa sawit (TKKS) melalui proses fermentasi. Pada penelitian ini, produksi asam suksinat dilakukan menggunakan isolat bakteri dari rumen sapi melalui metode Semi Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation (SSSF). Isolat bakteri dari cairan rumen sapi diperoleh dengan melakukan tahap isolasi terlebih dahulu. Tahapan isolasi dilakukan dengan melakukan enrichment, subkultur, isolasi, dan fermentasi bakteri. TKKS sebagai sumber karbon, juga dilakukan tahap pretreatment terlebih dahulu menggunakan larutan peracetic acid dan alkaline peroxide serta tahap prehidrolisis menggunakan enzim selulase untuk menghasilkan glukosa. Tahap SSSF dilakukan dengan konsentrasi awal glukosa yang berbeda, yaitu 0,45; 0,48; dan 0,61 g/L. Berdasarkan hasil yang diperoleh, konsentrasi, yield, dan produktivitas asam suksinat tertinggi sebesar 3,12 g/L, 0,312 g/g TKKS, dan 0,13 g/L/jam, secara berurutan, diperoleh pada konsentrasi awal glukosa sebesar 0,61 g/L. Selain itu, berat kering bakteri dan konversi glukosa tertinggi sebesar 0,0775 gr dan 73,61 %, secara berurutan, juga diperoleh pada konsentrasi awal glukosa sebesar 0,61 g/L. Estimasi parameter kinetika pertumbuhan bakteri juga dilakukan dalam penelitian ini. Berdasarkan perhitungan, laju pertumbuhan spesifik tertinggi sebesar 0,051 jam^-1 diperoleh pada konsentrasi awal glukosa sebesar 0,61 g/L. ......Succinic acid can be produced from oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) through a fermentation process. In this study, succinic acid production was carried out using bacteria isolated from cattle rumen through the Semi Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation (SSSF) method. Bacteria were isolated from cattle rumen fluid by doing the isolation stage first. The stages of isolation were carried out by doing enrichment, subculture, isolation, and fermentation of bacteria originated. OPEFB as a carbon source, were pretreated through pretreatment stage using peracetic acid and alkaline peroxide solution and then continue to the prehydrolysis stage using cellulase enzymes in order to produce glucose. The SSSF stage was carried out with different initial glucose concentrations, which are 0.45; 0.48; and 0.61 g/L. Based on the results obtained, the highest concentration, yield, and productivity of succinic acid of 3.12 g/L, 0,312 g/g EFB, and 0.13 g/L/h, respectively, were obtained at the initial glucose concentration of 0.61 g/L. In addition, the highest dry weight of bacteria and glucose conversion were 0.0775 gr and 73.61 %, respectively, were also obtained at the initial glucose concentration of 0.61 g/L. Estimation of bacterial growth kinetics parameters was also carried out in this study. Based on calculations, the highest specific growth rate of 0.051 h^-1 was obtained at the initial glucose concentration of 0.61 g/L.

Abstrak :
Mikroalga memiliki potensi untuk dijadikan sumber bahan baku biodiesel. Pada penelitian ini, lipid mikroalga Nannochloropsis sp. akan disintesis menjadi biodiesel melalui reaksi transesterifikasi menggunakan katalis heterogen CuO/Zeolit. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menentukan kondisi reaksi transesterifikasi yang optimum, meliputi suhu dan waktu, dalam menghasilkan yield biodiesel tertinggi, serta mendapatkan komposisi dan kandungan FAME dari biodiesel yang dihasilkan. Dari hasil yang diperoleh, yield biodiesel tertinggi dicapai pada suhu 60oC selama 3 jam dengan yield sebesar 53,1% b/b lipid dan 10,6% b/b biomassa. Kandungan FAME yang terdapat pada biodiesel mikroalga Nannochloropsis sp. didominasi oleh ester dari asam lemak C16:0 (22,7%) dan C18:1 (63,8%).

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Microalgae have a potential as a feedstock of biodiesel. In this study, lipid from microalgae Nannochloropsis sp. was synthesized into biodiesel through transesterification reaction using heterogeneous catalyst CuO/Zeolite. The objectives are to obtain the optimum reaction conditions, including temperature and time, that produce highest yield of biodiesel, and to obtain the composition and content of FAME from microalgal biodiesel. From the results, highest yield achieved at 60°C for 3 hours with a yield of 53,1% w/w of lipid and 10,6% w/w of biomass. The content of FAME in biodiesel dominated by esters from fatty acid C16:0 (22,7%) and C18:1 (63,8%).