Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"ABSTRAKRuang Lingkup dan Cara Penelitian: Dewasa ini kontrasepsi hormon pada wanita sudah sangat banyak dan penelitian pada pria juga mulai banyak dikambangkan. Perlu dikembangkan metoda kontrasapsi hormon pada pria yang mamenuhi syarat ideal, yaitu: aman, efektif, reversibel dan dapat diterima oleh masyarakat. Metoda kontrasepsl hormon pada pria diudukan pada penekanan spermatogenesis melalui pores hipotalamus - hipofis - testis. Testosteroan enantat (TE) dapat menekan gonadotropin sehingga menurunkan produksi spermatozoa. Depot medroksi progesteron asetat (DMPA) juga dapat menekan gonadotropin dan sudah lama digunakan untuk kontrasepsi wanita. Kombinasl TE + DMPA lebih efektif dalam menekan spermatogenesis dibanding TE saja. TE termasuk androgen dan DMPA termasuk progasteron, keduanya adalah steroid. Penggunaan androgen untuk kontrasepsi dapat menimbulkan masalah metabolisme, misalnya abnonualitas lipid/lipoprotein. Androgen mempengaruhi metabolisme lipoprotein, antara lain meningkatkan lipase lipoprotein (LLP) dan lipase trigliserida hati (LTH). Peningkatan LLP dan LTH menghasilkan peningkatan trigliserida (FG) dalam jaringan adiposa dan menurunnya high dentity lipoprotein (HDL) dalam sirkulasi plasma. Penggunaan DMPA tidak meningkatkan resiko penyakit arteria koronaria. Diduga penggunaan TE + DMPA untuk kontrasepsi pria tidak mempangaruhi profil lipid. Profil lipid tersebut meliputi trigliserida (TG), kolasterol total (KT), kolasterol Low Dentity Lipoprotein (K-LDL) den kolesterol high dentity lipoprotein (K-HDL). Untuk ini telah dilakuken penelitian pada 20 orang pria normal yang dibagi menjadi dua kelompok, masing-masing 10 orang. Kelompok I disuntik TE + DMPA dosis rendah (TE 100 mg + DMPA 100 mg) den kelompok II disuntik TE + DMPA dosis tinggi (FE 250 mg + DMPA 200 mg). Panyuntikan dilakukan setiap bulan selama satu tahun. Pengukuran profil lipid dilakukan setiap tiga bulan. Parameter yang diukur yaitu: TG, KT, K LDL dan E-HDL.Hasil dan Kesimpulan: Penyuntikan TE + DMPA pada kelompok I dan II menyebabkan perubahan tidak bermakna atau tidak mempengaruhi kadar TG, KT, KLDL dan K-HDL (p > 0,05). Oleh karena itu semua hipotesis dalam penelitian ini diterima. Hasil uji regresi polinominal orthogonal menunjukkan kadar TG pada kelompok I cenderung meningkat bermakna secara linier, kelompok II cenderung mendatar. kadar KT dan K-LDL kedua kelompok cenderung mendatar. Kadar. K-HDL pada kelompok I cenderung mendatar, kelompok II cenderung berubah bermakna secara kuartik. Jadi TE + DMPA dosis rendah dan dosis tinggi untuk kontrasepsi hormon pria cukup aman selama 12 bulan ditinjau dari profil lipid.

---

ABSTRACT

Scope and Methods of study : Recently, methods of hormonal contraception for women is common, and research for men is developed. The ideal prerequisite hormonal contraceptive development for men, are: safe, effective, reversible and is acceptable. Method; of hormonal contraception for men have, therefore, centered on attempts to suppress spermatogenesis' through suds hypothalamus - bypophyils - testis. TE suppression or gonadotropin, so must reduce the production or speimsteaoa. DMPA can also suppression of gonadotropln and is commonly used for the contraception for women. The combination TE + DMPA would suppress spermatogenesis more effectivelly than TE alone. TE belongs to androgen and DMPA belongs to progesterone, both are steroid. The use of androgen in contraception can Induce metabolism problem, such as lipid/lipoprotein abnormality. Androgen influences lipoprotein metabolism, such as increase lipase lipoprotein (LPL) and hepatic trlglycerida lipase (HTGL). The increase of LLP and ETOL stimulates the Increase of TG In adipocytes and decrease HDL levels in the circulation. The long-term DMPA for women did not cause any abnormality In serum lipids. In this present study, we tested the hypothesis that the suppression of TE + DMPA to spermatogenesis no significant changes of lipid profile. For this, a research has been made on 20 normal men was divided into 2 groups with 10 person respectively. Group I was injected of TE + DMPA low dome (PE 100 mg + DMPA 100 mg) and group II was injected of TE + DMPA high dose (TE 250 mg + DMPA 200 mg). The injection is carried out once a month in one year. The measurement of lipid profile is taken for quarterly. The parameters measured are: TO, TC, LDL-C and HDL-C.

Result and Conclusion: The injection of TE + DMPA to group I and If causes no significant changes or does not Influence the TO, TC, LDL-C and BDL-C levels (p > 0.05). In this case all of the hypotheses of this research are accepted. The evaluation or polynomial orthogonal regresion shows that the TG levels In group I tends to significant increase linearly and it shows horizontally in group It. TC and LEL-C levels In both groups tends to be horizontal. HDL-C levels in group I tends to be horizontal, whereas in group U tends to significant change in quartic mariner. Based on the lipid profile, so monthly injection of TE + DMPA low dose and high dose are safe during 12 months for hormonal contraception for men."

"Ruang Lingkup dan Cara Penelitian: Penggunaan testosteron enantat (TE) saja atau kombinasinya dengan depot medroksiprogesteron asetat (TE + DMPA) atau testosteron undekanoat (TU) saja dalam kontrasepsi hormon memiliki efektivitas yang berbeda dalam menekan spermatogenesis antara bangsa Asia dengan Kaukasia. Perbedaan efektivitas penekan spermatogenesis tersebut mungkin disebabkan oleh perbedaan asupan lipid-protein dan polimorfisme SHBG. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh perbedaan asupan lipid-protein dan polimorfisme SHBG terhadap kadar SHBG, testosteron total, testosteron bebas antara pria Indonesia dengan pria Kaukasia. Selain itu juga ingin diketahui hubungan antara kadar SHBG, testosteron total, testosteron bebas, persentase testosteron bebas, indeks testosteran bebas dan insulin. Penelitian ini merupakan studi potong lintang. Food recall 3 hari berturut-turut dilakukan terhadap semua subyek, kemudian dianalisis dengan World Food 2 Program. Kadar SHBG, testosteron total, testosteron bebas dan insulin dalam serum diukur dengan metoda radio immuno assay (RIA). Elektroforesis dan western blotting dilakukan untuk menentukan macam fenotip SHBG. Subyek penelitian dibagi menjadi 3 kelompok berdasarkan asupan lipid-protein dan dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok berdasarkan fenotip SHBG. Tiga puluh sembilan pria Indonesia asupan lipid-protein rendah sebagai kelompok I, 28 pria Indonesia asupan lipid-protein sedang sebagai kelompok II dan 27 pria Kaukasia asupan lipid-protein tinggi sebagai kelompok III. Tujuh puluh enam dari 94 subyek penelitian fenotipnya SHBG normal (2 pita SHBG) dan 18 dari 94 subyek penelitian fenotipnya SHBG varian (3 pita SHBG).Hasil dan Kesimpulan: Kadar SHBG dan testosteron bebas kelompok I lebih tinggi dibanding kelompok II dan III, tetapi kelompok 1I tidak berbeda dengan kelompok III. Kadar testosteron total kelompok I lebih tinggi dibanding kelompok III dan kelompok II paling rendah. Karena kadar SHBG, testosteron total dan testosteron bebas antar kelompok berbeda (p < 0.05), maka kadar SHBG, testosteron total dan testosteron bebas dipengaruhi oleh asupan lipid-protein. Kadar SHBG, testosteron total dan testosteron bebas antara fenotip SHBG normal tidak berbeda dengan fenotip SHBG Marian (p > 0.05). Karena kadar SHBG, testosteron total dan testosteron bebas antar kelompok fenotip SHBG tidak berbeda, maka kadar SHBG, testosteron total dan testosteron.

---

The Influence Of Lipid-Protein Intakes And SHBG Polimorphysm On SHBG Level Of Indonesian And Caucasian MenScope and Methods of study: The development of hormonal contraception method for men using testosterone enanthate (TB) alone or in combination with depot medroxyprogesteron acetate (TE + DMPA) or testosterone undecanoat (TU) alone has different efficacy in suppressing the spermatogenesis of Asians or Caucasians. The difference of efficacy in suppressing the spermatogenesis of Asian or Caucasian maybe caused by the difference of lipid-protein intake and SHBG polymorphism. The main aim of this research was to investigate the effects of difference in lipid-protein intake and polymorphism of SHBG on the level of SHBG, total testosterone and free testosterone of Indonesian men with low lipid-protein intake, medium lipid-protein intake and Caucasian men with high lipid-protein intake. This research was cross sectional study. Three days repeated food recall for all subjects analyzed with World Food 2 Program. The measurement of serum SHBG, total testosterone, free testosterone and insulin were done with radio immuno assay (RIA) technique. Electrophoresis and western blotting were done to determine 2 types of SHBG phenotype. Subjects in this research were divided into 3 groups base on lipid-protein intake and 2 groups base on SHBG phenotype. Thirty nine Indonesian men with low lipid-protein intake as group I, 28 Indonesian men with medium lipid-protein intake as group II and 27 Caucasian men with high lipid-protein intake as group III. Seventy six out of 94 subjects as normal SHBG phenotype (double-banded SHBG) and I8 out of 94 subjects as variant SHBG phenotype (triple-banded SHBG).Result and conclusion: The level of SHBG and free testosterone in the group I was higher compared to both group II and group III (p r 0.05), but the group II and group III was not different (p > 0.05). The level of total testosterone in the group I was higher compared to group ill, and the group II was the lowest (p < 0.05). Because the level of SHBG, total testosterone and free testosterone in the group I, II and III were different (p < 0.05), then they were affected by lipid-protein intake. The level of SHBG in the normal SHBG phenotype was not different compared to the variant SHBG phenotype (p > 0.05), then the level of SHBG was not affected by SHBG polymorphism."