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"Dalam penelitian ini disimulasikan post firing section dalam HRSG dengan pembakar duct burner, bahan bakar syngas serta oksigen yang berasal dari Thermal Exhaust Gas (TEG) menggunakan computational fluid dynamics dengan program COMSOL Multiphysics. Model menggunakan neraca massa dilengkapi dengan laju reaksi kinetik, neraca momentum aliran turbulen k-ɛ, dan neraca energi. Dibuat variasi geometri ruang bakar, kecepatan syngas, konsentrasi O2 dalam TEG, serta suhu masukan fluida. Berdasarkan simulasi, baffle dan kecepatan alir sygas menjadi faktor penentu bentuk nyala. Kecepatan alir syngas sebesar 8 m/s merupakan nilai yang paling optimum sebab api tidak menempel pada pembakar dan suhu rata-rata yang dihasilkan mencapai 1.500 K. Baffle dengan kemiringan 30o memberikan profil nyala terbaik sebab tidak menyebabkan akumulasi panas di sudut baffle. Konsentrasi O2 serta suhu masukan syngas dan TEG menunjukkan pengaruh terhadap suhu maksimum yang dicapai namun tidak terlalu berpengaruh terhadap bentuk nyala. Suhu tertinggi sebesar 3.151 K dicapai dengan konsentrasi O2 14%. Suhu nyala lebih dipengaruhi oleh perubahan konsentrasi O2 dibandingkan oleh perubahan suhu masukan fluida. Suhu 3.151 K juga dicapai dengan mengkondisikan rasio TEG dan syngas pada stoikiometri.

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In this research, post firing section in HRSG was simulated with duct burner as burner, syngas as fuel, and oxygen that came from Thermal Exhaust Gas (TEG) using computational fluid dynamics by program COMSOL Multiphysics. The model is being used with kinetics reaction rate, mass balance, momentum balance, turbulent k-ɛ fluid flow, and energy balance with variation of furnace geometry, syngas inlet velocity, O2 concentration in TEG, and also fluids inlet temperature. Based on simulation result, baffle and syngas inlet velocity relative to TEG velocity do affect flame shape. Syngas velocity 8 m/s is the most optimum since the flame did not stick the burner and distributed temperatur reach 1.500 K. Baffle slope 30o gives best profile for no accumulation occurred. Oxygen concentration as well as syngas and TEG input temperature give impact to the maximum temperature but not to the flame shape. Highest temperature 3.151 K can be achieved by using 14% O2 concentration. Flame temperature influenced more by O2 concentration change rather than fluids inlet temperature. Temperature 3.151 K also can be achieved by putting TEG and syngas in stoichiometry."

"[Telah dilakukan formulasi, uji aktivitas antibakteri, dan uji stabilitas niosom gel yang mengandung minyak atsiri daun sirih (Piper betle L.) sebagai obat anti jerawat. Pembuatan niosom bertujuan untuk meningkatkan penetrasi secara transfolikular dan meningkatkan stabilitas sediaan. Ekstraksi minyak atsiri daun sirih dilakukan dengan metode destilasi cara kukus dan identifikasi komponen senyawa minyak atsiri digunakan GC-MS. Formulasi niosom dibuat dalam dua macam perbandingan jumlah kolesterol dan surfaktan, yaitu 1:1 (F1) dan 1:2 (F2) (b/b). Suspensi niosom dievaluasi yang meliputi uji efisiensi jerap secara Spektrofotometri UV-Vis, uji ukuran partikel menggunakan Particle Size Analyzer, dan uji morfologi vesikel menggunakan Transmission Electron Microscope. Niosom yang telah diuji, dibuat menjadi sediaan gel menggunakan 0,5% Carbomer 940 sebagai gelling agent. Niosom gel dievaluasi yang meliputi uji organoleptis, pH, viskositas, uji aktivitas antibakteri terhadap Propionibacterium acnes, dan uji stabilitas selama 12 minggu pada 3 suhu penyimpanan yang berbeda, yaitu suhu kamar (28±2ºC), suhu rendah (4±2ºC), dan suhu tinggi (40±2ºC). Hasil pengujian menunjukkan, sediaan niosom gel F2 memiliki stabilitas yang lebih baik dibandingkan F1, sedangkan aktivitas antibakteri niosom gel F1 dan F2 tidak berbeda signifikan.;Formulation, antibacterial activity test, and stability test of niosome gels containing essential oil of betel leaf (Piper betle L.) as an anti-acne treatment, has been established. The preparation of niosome aims to increase the transfollicular penetration and also increase the stability of gel. Betel leaf essential oil extraction was done by steam distillation method and essential oil compounds identification used GC-MS. The niosome formulations made in two kinds of cholesterol and surfactant amount ratio, ie 1:1 (F1) and 1:2 (F2) (w/w). The niosomes were evaluated which include the entrapment efficiency test by Spectrophotometry UV-Vis, the particle size test by Particle Size Analyzer, and the vesicle morphology test by Transmission Electron Microscope. The niosomes that had been evaluated, made into gel with 0.5% Carbomer 940 as gelling agent. Niosome gels were evaluated which include organoleptic, pH, viscosity, antibacterial activity against Propionibacterium acnes, and stability for 12 weeks in 3 different storage temperatures, ie room temperature (28±2°C), low temperature (4±2°C), and high temperature (40±2°C). The test results showed that the F2 gel niosome has better stability than F1, Formulation, antibacterial activity test, and stability test of niosome gels containing essential oil of betel leaf (Piper betle L.) as an anti-acne treatment, has been established. The preparation of niosome aims to increase the transfollicular penetration and also increase the stability of gel. Betel leaf essential oil extraction was done by steam distillation method and essential oil compounds identification used GC-MS. The niosome formulations made in two kinds of cholesterol and surfactant amount ratio, ie 1:1 (F1) and 1:2 (F2) (w/w). The niosomes were evaluated which include the entrapment efficiency test by Spectrophotometry UV-Vis, the particle size test by Particle Size Analyzer, and the vesicle morphology test by Transmission Electron Microscope. The niosomes that had been evaluated, made into gel with 0.5% Carbomer 940 as gelling agent. Niosome gels were evaluated which include organoleptic, pH, viscosity, antibacterial activity against Propionibacterium acnes, and stability for 12 weeks in 3 different storage temperatures, ie room temperature (28±2°C), low temperature (4±2°C), and high temperature (40±2°C). The test results showed that the F2 gel niosome has better stability than F1]"

"ABSTRAK Praktek kerja profesi diIndustri Farmasi dilaksanakan di PT. Actavis Indonesiayang beralamat di Jalan Raya Bogor Km. 28, Jakarta Timur. Praktek kerjadilaksanakan mulai tanggal 4 Agustus?30 September 2015. Pelaksanaan praktekkerja ini bertujuan agar mahasiswa apoteker: memahami peranan, tugas, dantanggung jawab apotekerdi industri farmasi; memperoleh wawasan, pengetahuan,keterampilan, dan pengalaman praktis untuk melakukan pekerjaankefarmasian diindustri farmasi; memahami penerapan CPOB di industri farmasi; dan memilikigambaran nyata tentang permasalahan pekerjaan kefarmasian di industri farmasi.ABSTRACT Profession internship in Pharmaceutical Industry is held inPT. Actavis Indonesia

that is located at Jalan Raya Bogor Km. 28, East Jakarta. The profession

internship is held fromAugust 4

th

to September 30

th

2015. The goals of this

internshipprogram are to make students: understand roles, jobs and duties of

pharmacist inPharmaceutical Industry; to make them have insights, knowledge,

skills and practical experiences to do pharmaceutical practice in Pharmaceutical

Industry; and to make themknow real condition of pharmaceutical practice

problems in Pharmaceutical Industry."