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"ABSTRAKTeori party change menjelaskan bahwa perubahan partai disebabkan oleh tiga faktor yakni perubahan tujuan partai, perubahan kepemimpinan, dan faktor eksternal. Dengan menggunakan teori tersebut, skripsi ini membahas mengenai faktor-faktor perubahan Partai Keadilan Sejahtera pada kepengurusan periode 2015-2020. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan desain deskriptif. Orientasi program PKS kepengurusan periode 2015-2020 dapat dilihat melalui program strategis PKS dan sikap PKS. Pada kepengurusan 2015-2020 terdapat tiga aspek yang menjadi penekanan perubahan PKS yakni penerapan Good Party Governance, penerapan dakwah kultural, dan peningkatan kualitas kaderisasi. Perubahan orientasi program PKS tersebut disebabkan oleh perubahan kepemimpinan. Selain itu perubahan kepemimpinan juga mempengaruhi perubahan identitas PKS sebagai partai kader menjadi partai catch-all.

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ABSTRAKThe theory of party change explains that the changes of the party caused by three factors: the change of purpose of the party, a change of leadership, and external factors. By using this theory, this paper discusses the changing factors in the management of the Partai Keadilan Sejahtera 2015-2020 period. This research is a qualitative descriptive design. PKS program management orientation period 2015-2020 can be seen through a strategic program PKS and PKS attitude. In 2015-2020, there are three aspects of management that became the emphasis changes to the PKS that is the implementation of Good Governance Party, the application of cultural propaganda, and improving the quality of regeneration. The PKS program orientation change is caused by a change of leadership. Besides the leadership change also affects the identity change PKS as a cadre party into a catch-all party"

"Struktur dinding penahan tanah yang umumnya dijumpai hanya menahan satu muka atau sisi luar timbunan saja. Namun di samping itu juga terdapat struktur dinding yangmenahan kedua muka atau sisi timbunan yang saling bertolak belakang, seperti dijumpai pada abutment flyover atau jembatan. Material struktural dinding penahan dapatmenggunakan bahan beton, baja, atau geosintetik (geotekstil atau geogrid). Penggunaan geosintetik sebagai elemen struktural bangunan infrastruktur semakinpopuler di seluruh dunia karena terbukti memiliki ketahanan yang baik bahkan terhadap gempa dan terutama benefit ekonomisnya, termasuk aplikasinya sebagai dindingpenahan tanah. Akhir-akhir ini, konsiderasi terhadap resiko kejadian gempa terhadap bangunan semakin tinggi, seiring dengan dampaknya terhadap kehidupan manusia,terutama mengingat semakin seringnya kejadian gempa.Penelitian ini merupakan studi parametrik melalui pemodelan metode elemen hingga menggunakan program Plaxis terhadap struktur dinding penahan tanah dua muka meliputi dinding perkuatan geogrid dan kantilever beton di bawah pembebanan gempa dengan variasi akselerasi dan frekuensi gempa serta geometri timbunan. Hasil-hasil analisis yang akan dievaluasi adalah tekanan lateral seismik, gaya dorong lateral seismik, koefisien lateral seismik, dan perbedaan fase. Dilakukan juga perbandingan antara output pemodelan dengan hasil metode-metode desain pseudostatik untuk mengevaluasi kinerjanya.

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The structure of the retaining wall which is generally found only retains one outside facing of the soil embankment. But besides that there is also a wall structure that retains the two outside facings of the embankment or back to back, as can be found in theflyover or bridge abutment structures. Retaining wall structural materials can use concrete, steel or geosynthetic materials (geotextiles or geogrids).The use of geosynthetics as a structural element of infrastructure buildings is increasingly popular throughout the world since the satisfying prove of good resistance even to the great earthquakes and especially its economic benefits, including its application as a retaining wall. Eventually, the consideration of the risk of earthquake events in buildings has been higher, along with its impact on human life, especially therapid occurence of earthquake events. This study is a parametric analysis through modeling the finite element method using the Plaxis program on the two-face retaining wall structures including the geogrid MSE wall and concrete cantilever wall under earthquake loading with variations of earthquake acceleration, earthquake frequency and geometry aspect of embankment. The analysis results that will be evaluated are lateral seismic pressure, lateral seismic force, lateral seismic coefficient, and phase difference. There is also a comparison between output modeling and the results of pseudostatic design methods to evaluate its performance."