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Abstrak :
Peningkatan jumlah lansia dan umur harapan hidup juga dapat menimbulkan berbagai masalah kesehatan pada Jansia salah satunya yaitu demensia. Demensia merupakan suatu kondisi dimana terjadi penurunan dan gangguan kognitif. Demensia biasanya meliputi penurunan kemarnpuan mengingat dan berpikir, gangguan perilaku dan mood. Demensia tidak dapat dihindari karena berl Increment in amount of elderly and !iii: span can also generate various health problems at elderly and one of them is dementia. Dementia is a condition which is called cognitive impalnnent and damage. It usually describes the declining of memory and thought ability, behavior and mood disorder. Dementia can not be avoided as related to several factors and lifestyle especially the food pattern. The objective of this research is to know the food pattern and other factors related to dementia and the dominant factor related to dementia at elderly in West Jakarta region. Cross-sectional design is used in this study. Researeh was oouducted in West Jakarta region in September 2007 until Janunry 2008. The population was elderly of 60 years old or above in West Jakarta region. The samples obtained were specific food pattern (vegetarian) after controlling the level of education, vitamin ascorbic acid, Fe, folate acid intakes, age and nutritional status. Further researches should be done by using the larger samples with cohort design. Case-control or experimental design can also be done to know the influence of nutrients and other factors related to dementia.

Abstrak :
Diet dapat menentukan status seng selama kehamilan. Namun, beberapa penelitian mengenai hubungan antara asupan, pola makan dan kualitas makanan berbasis lokal dengan status seng masih terbatas. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah asupan seng, pola makan berbasis lokal PMBL dan kualitas diet berhubungan dengan kadar serum seng pada ibu hamil Minangkabau. Penelitian cross-sectional ini dilakukan dengan melibatkan 360 ibu hamil dengan usia kehamilan antara 16 dan 32 minggu. Semi-quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire SFFQ digunakan untuk memperolah data asupan makanan, dan PMBL ditentukan berdasarkan hasil principal component analysis PCA . Penelitian ini mengolah 21 kelompok makanan dengan menggunakan PCA menjadi pola makanan bersumber nabati, pola makanan bersumber ikan, ayam dan jeroan, pola makanan bersumber tepung dan pemanis, pola makanan bersumber daging, pola makanan bersumber ikan masak santan, telur dan kacang-kacangan, pola makanan bersumber seafood/hasil laut dan pola makanan bersumber susu. Kualitas diet dianalisis dengan menggunakan Healthy Eating Index HEI 2010. Kadar serum seng diukur dengan menggunakan metode atomic absorption spectrophotometric. Analisis regresi linier multivariat dilakukan untuk menilai asupan seng, PMBL dan kualitas diet dengan kadar serum seng setelah dikontrol oleh faktor perancu. Rerata kadar serum seng adalah 10.1 2.1 mol/L. Asupan seng secara signifikan berhubungan dengan konsentrasi serum seng setelah dikontrol oleh umur, usia kehamilan, asupan energi, asupan serat, lokasi geografis dan pengeluaran rumah tangga adjusted ? = 0,083, 95 CI: 0,003, 0.163, p < 0.05 . Pola makanan bersumber tepung dan pemanis berbanding terbalik dengan kadar serum seng setelah dikontrol oleh umur, usia kehamilan dan pengeluaran rumah tangga adjusted ? = -0.179, 95 CI: -0,335, -0,023, p < 0.05 ; sedangkan PMBL lainnya tidak berhubungan secara signifikan dengan kadar serum seng. Skor total HEI 2010 tidak berhubungan dengan kadar serum seng pada semua responden, tetapi skor HEI 2010 menunjukkan hasil yang berhubungan di daerah pantai setelah dikontrol oleh umur, usia kehamilan, asupan serat dan asupan fitat adjusted ? = 0.186, 95 CI: 0.066, 0.306, p < 0.05 . Secara keseluruhan, antara asupan seng, pola makanan lokal Minangkabau dengan rendah tepung dan pemanis secara positif mempengaruhi kadar serum seng selama masa kehamilan. Meskipun kualitas diet yang dinilai menggunakan HEI 2010 tidak berhubungan dengan kadar serum seng, tetapi kualitas diet menunjukkan hubungan dengan serum seng pada ibu hamil yang tinggal di daerah pantai.Kata Kunci : pola makan; kehamilan; kadar serum seng; Minangkabau; Indonesia

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Diet has consequences on zinc status during pregnancy. However, studies focusing on association of dietary intake, pattern and quality in locally produced foods with zinc status are limited. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate whether zinc intake, local based dietary patterns LBDPs and diet quality are associated with serum zinc concentration among Minangkabau pregnant women. A cross sectional study was conducted involving 360 pregnant women between the 16th and 32nd weeks of gestation. Using dietary data from semi quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire, LBDPs were identified by principal component analysis PCA . This study extracted 21 food groups into plant sources, fish, chicken and meat organ sources, flour and sweetness source, meats sources, fish with coconut milk, eggs and nuts sources, seafood sources and milk sources patterns by PCA. Dietary quality was analyzed by using the Healthy Eating Index HEI 2010. Serum zinc concentration was measured by using atomic absorption spectrophotometric methods. Multivariate linear regression analysis was performed to assess zinc intake, the LBDPs, and diet quality with serum zinc concentration after adjusted for potential confounders. The mean serum zinc concentration of pregnant women was 10.1 2.1 mol L. Zinc intake significant associated with serum zinc concentration after adjusted for age, gestational age, energy intake, fiber intake, geographic location and household rsquo s expenditure adjusted 0.083 95 CI 0.003, 0.163 p 0.05 . The flour and sweetness sources pattern was inversely associated with serum zinc concentration after adjusted for age, gestational age and household rsquo s expenditure adjusted 0.179 95 CI 0.335, 0.023 p 0.05 while the other LBDPs were not significantly associated with serum zinc concentration. The overall HEI 2010 score was not significantly associated with serum zinc concentration in the total subjects, but it was associated in coastal area after adjusted for age, gestational age, fiber and phytate intakes adjusted 0.186, 95 CI 0.066, 0.306, p 0.05 . In conclusion, zinc intake and local based Minangkabau foods with less in flour and sweetness positively influence serum zinc concentration during pregnancy. Although, the dietary quality assessed by the HEI 2010 did not associate with serum zinc concentration, it clearly associated with zinc serum of pregnant women in coastal area.Keywords dietary patterns pregnancy serum zinc Minangkabau Indonesia.

Abstrak :
Demensia Alzheimer menempati urutan kesembilan penyebab kematian di Amerika Serikat. Demensia adalah kondisi yang sering dialami yang berhubungan dengan berbagai faktor dan gaya hidup terutama diet. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan defisiensi asupan ri- boflavin (vitamin B12) dengan demensia pada usia lanjut (usila). Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi cross sectional dan dilaksanakan pada bulan September 2007 sampai dengan Januari 2008. Sampel penelitian adalah 141 lansia berumur lebih dari sama dengan 60 tahun yang diambil secara purposive sampling. Demensia diukur menggunakan kuesioner MMSE (≤ 24, skor maksimum 30) dan asupan riboflavin diukur menggunakan form Semi Quantitative ? FFQ. Penelitian ini memperli- hatkan bahwa 47,5% usila mengalami demensia. Hasil uji statistik me- nunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara umur, tingkat pendidikan, dan asupan riboflavin dengan kejadian demensia pada usila (nilai p < 0,05).

Dementia Alzheimer?s was ranked the ninth leading cause of death in The United States. Dementia can not be avoided as related to several factors and lifestyle especially the diet. The objective of this research is to know re- lation the deficiency of riboflavine (vitamin B12) intake and incidence of de- mentia at elderly. A cross-sectional study was conducted between September 2007 and January 2008. The sample obtained was 141 elderly which it was conducted to purposive sampling. Dementia was measured by using questionnaire MMSE (≤ 24, maximum score was 30), and riboflavine intake was measure by Semi Quantitative ? FFQ form. This study shows that dementia in elderly was 47,5%. Statistical test showed that Statistical test showed that incidence of dementia had significantly associated with ages, level of education, and riboflavine intake (p value < 0,05).