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"ABSTRAKFractures of the neck of condyle usually are the result of a blow to the mandible. A lateral blow to the body of the mandible commonly cause a contralateral condylar fracture. There are many signs and symptoms of a condylar fracture, for example crepitation, deviation of the mandible to the side of injury, and spasm of the associate group of muscles. These will result in a functional disability, which is usually seen as a limited mandibular movement. This paper reported a patient with a fracture of the right condylar neck. Patient had been treated with closed reduction and immobilization for 2 months. After that, she felt that her bite was charged, she could not occlude her teeth well, and she had clicking sound in the right joint when she opened her mouth. Besides that, patient had difficulties to move the mandible to the left side, and she could not open her mouth widely. The patient was treated with a repositioning splint and she had to do some jaw exercises.The purposes were to regain the position of condyle, to reduce the muscle spasm and finally got the normal jaw movement."

"Etiologi gangguan sendi temporomandibula adalah kompleks dan multifaktorial. Selama ini diagnosa ditegakkan berdasarkan tanda klinis dan gejala. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menghasilkan suatu indeks berdasarkan etiologi dalam penetapan diagnosis, sehingga pencegahan dan perawatan yang tepat dapat dilaksanakan. Penelitian dibagi dalam dua tahap. Pertama, tahap kualitatif eksploratif melalui konsep konsensus pakar untuk menentukan variabel dan indikator yang diduga menjadi penyebab gangguan sendi temporomandibula dan akan digunakan pada kuesioner etiologi gangguan sendi temporomandibula. Tahap ke dua penelitian kuantitatif, pembuatan indeks berdasarkan etiologi gangguan sendi temporomandibula, menggunakan baku emas RDC/TMD dengan desain kasus kontrol. Dihasilkan indeks yang mudah, sederhana, dan akurat untuk memprediksi etiologi gangguan sendi temporomandibula. Indeks tersebut terdiri atas stres, kebiasaan buruk, jenis kelamin, dan free way space yang merupakan bagian dari faktor maloklusi. Komponen kebiasaan buruk dan komponen stres diukur menggunakan kuesioner yang didapat dari proses ekploratif kualitatif. Kuesioner ini adalah valid (sahih) dan reliable (andal) untuk digunakan dalam penentuan etiologi gangguan sendi temporomndibula.

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The etiology of temporomandibular disorders is complex and multifactorial. Usually diagnosis was done by clinical signs and symptoms. The purpose of this research is to produce an index based on etiology so early prevention and prompt treatment can be done. This study was divided in two stages. Firstly the qualitative explorative concept. It was done to get a consensus between the experts to define variables and indicators that were suspected as the causes of temporomandibular disorders. The variables and indicators will be used in the questionnaire based on the etiology of Temporomandibular disorders. Then, followed by a quantitative study with case-control design using the RDC/TMD as a gold standard, producing an easy, simple, and accurate index to predict the etiology of temporomandibular disorders. Included in this index are stress, bad habits, gender, and free way space which is a part of a malocclusion. Bad habit and stress could be measured by using a questionnaire which was obtained from a qualitative explorative study. This questionnaire is valid and reliable in the determination of the etiology of temporomandibular disorders."