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"ABSTRAKPenelitian yang dilaporkan mengambil judul "Evaluasi Aturan Pencampuram gE/EOS dan implementasinya pada simulasi kolom distilasi untuk campuran tak-ideal: Prototipe awal sebuah simulator kolom distilasi". Hasil penelitian tahun pertama adalah evaluasi final pencampuran gE/EOS untuk parameter persamaan keadaan meliputi aruran pencampuran yang diusulkan Holderbaum dan Gmehling, Wong dan Sandler, serta Twu an Coon. Urutan akurasi hasil perhitungan berdasarkan aturan pencampuran adalah Holderbaum clan Gmehling > Twu dan Coon > Wong dan Sandier. Selain realtif akurat, aruran pencampuran Holderbaum dan Gmehling yang terinregrasi dengan persamaan keadaan PSRK {Predictive-Soave-Redlich-Kwong} lebih mudah digunakan karena parameter interaksi biner yang telah dioptimasi untuk representasi kesetimbangan fasa cair-uap dan telah rersedia sebagai sebuah database. Hal ini sesuai dengan kondisi di Indonesia karena rata-rma pengguna tidak mempunyai akses ke data kesetimbangan fasa eksperimenral. Modul simulasi kolom distilasi yang diFoktiskan pada aplikasi metode Newton-Raphson seperti yang diusulkan Naphtali dan Sandholm telah diimplementasikan pada kasus reboiled stripper untuk pemisahan campuran hidrokarban ringan Hasil awal menunjukkan bahwa masalah konvergensi karena perbedaan tingkat kebesaran (order of magnitude) dapat diatasi dengan menggunakan faktor skala pada neraca energi, dan dampak osilasi selama iterasi dapat diatasi dengan menggunakan Faktor redaman. Penelitian pada tahun kedua akan melanjutkan implementasi dan uji metode koreksi simultan dan inregresi modul disrilasi dengan modul termodinamika untuk dijadikan suatu piranti lunak simulator kolom distilasi sederhana untuk campuran fluida kompleks (non-polar dan polar). "

"In the palm oil refining processes, the free fatty acid content is reduced to an acceptable level by using steam-stripping that causes, also, the loss of nutraceuticals such as tocopherols and carotenoids. An alternative method, such as solvent extraction, to separate free fatty acids, especially palmitic acid as the major free fatty acid present in palm oil, will conserves not only the important nutraceuticals but, also, conserves energy because a steam requirement is eliminated. The objective of this research is to evaluate the performance of Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents (NADES), each consisting of betaine as the hydrogen bonding acceptor and a polyalcohol as the hydrogen bonding donor, to extract palmitic acid from palm oil. The goal is to obtain a NADES that is able to extract palmitic acid from palm oil with the highest extraction yield. The viscosity of various studied NADES was 10-236 cSt while the polarity parameter, determined by using Nile red as the solvatochromic dye, was 48.9-50.8 kcal/mol. The obtained data shows that, for NADES having similar polarity to that of betaine, the extraction yields reduce with increasing viscosity of the NADES. The highest extraction yield of 60% (w/w), corresponding to a distribution coefficient value of 0.75, was obtained by using NADES consisting of betaine and 1,2-butanediol. The extraction yield and distribution coefficient values indicated the potential of NADES, prepared by friendly compounds of betaine and polyalcohols, as alternative green solvents in the solvent extraction process when separating free fatty acids from palm oil."

"This research considers the application of Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents (NADES) as green solvents for the extraction of bioactive compounds, mainly ?-mangostin, from the pericarp of mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.). Extractions were carried out using NADES consisting of choline chloride, a quarternary ammonium salt, and four hydrogen bond donors: 1,2-propanediol, citric acid, glycerol, and glucose. The highest ?-mangostin extraction yield of 2.6 % (w/w) in dried pericarp was obtained using a mixture of choline chloride and 1,2-propanediol in 1:3 mole ratio. The presence of hydrogen bonding was indicated by the broadening of the OH peak in the infra-red spectra of the NADES used. The polarity and viscosity data of NADES were determined to describe the solubility of a-mangostin. The decomposition and glass transition temperatures were determined in order to study their thermal behavior and stability. The results of this study suggest that NADES made of choline chloride and diol-based hydrogen bond donors are effective for the extraction of bioactive compounds from the mangosteen pericarp."