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"The effectiveness of transportation demand management policy depends on how commuters respond to it. This study attempts to comprehend commuter behavior in choosing routes based on electronic road pricing (ERP) policy implementation on the Sudirman and Kuningan corridors. The experiments were conducted using the data collections from a stated preference experiment in which each commuter makes a route choice with an alternative representing a hypothetical situation with a combination of tariffs and travel time in ERP policy implementation. Logit models found that the individual and household variables influence route divert behavior. A commuter with a higher income or more family members living together is more likely to have less flexibility in diverting route. In addition, the distance of the trips affected their route divert behavior and influenced an individual trip chain constrained in time-space prism."

"The effectiveness of transportation demand management policy depends on how commuters respond to it. This study attempts to comprehend commuter behavior in choosing routes based on electronic road pricing (ERP) policy implementation on the Sudirman and Kuningan corridors. The experiments were conducted using the data collections from a stated preference experiment in which each commuter makes a route choice with an alternative representing a hypothetical situation with a combination of tariffs and travel time in ERP policy implementation. Logit models found that the individual and household variables influence route divert behavior. A commuter with a higher income or more family members living together is more likely to have less flexibility in diverting route. In addition, the distance of the trips affected their route divert behavior and influenced an individual trip chain constrained in time-space prism."

"Perjanjian Pengikatan Jual Beli (PPJB) lunas yang dibuat dibawah tangan merupakan suatu bentuk perjanjian pendahuluan yang dibuat oleh para pihak secara tertulis dan dibuktikan melalui kuitansi pembayaran lunas. Perjanjian pendahuluan tersebut dimaksudkan untuk mengawali dilakukannya perbuatan hukum jual beli hak atas tanah. Perjanjian yang dilakukan dibawah tangan masih banyak ditemukan di masyarakat meskipun pada kenyataannya, nilai pembuktian dari perjanjian dibawah tangan tidak sekuat perjanjian yang dituangkan ke dalam akta notariil. PPJB lunas yang dibuat dibawah tangan dalam kenyataannya dapat memicu terjadinya sengketa sebagaimana ditemukan dalam kasus Putusan Pengadilan Negeri Subang Nomor 11/Pdt.G/2023/PN.Sng. Perkara yang ada dalam putusan tersebut adalah berkaitan dengan PPJB lunas dibawah tangan yang dibuat antar Perseroan Terbatas (PT) untuk mengawali dilakukannya perbuatan hukum jual beli hak atas tanah dengan status Hak Milik. Oleh karena itu masalah yang diangkat dalam penelitian ini adalah tentang akibat  hukum dari PPJB lunas yang dilakukan dibawah tangan antar PT dalam jual beli Hak Milik Atas Tanah dan pertimbangan hakim dalam putusannya berkenaan dengan hal tersebut. Penelitian doktrinal ini mengumpulkan data sekunder melalui studi kepustakaan yang selanjutnya dianalisis secara kualitatif. Dari hasil analisis dapat dijelaskan bahwa PPJB lunas dibawah tangan antar PT dalam perbuatan hukum jual beli hak atas tanah adalah semestinya batal demi hukum karena PT tidak berhak memiliki, menjual ataupun menguasai Hak Milik atas tanah. Adapun pertimbangan hakim berkenaan dengan perbuatan hukum jual beli hak atas tanah dengan status Hak Milik (HM) antar PT melalui PPJB dibawah tangan adalah didasarkan pada hukum adat terkait jual beli yakni dipenuhinya syarat terang dan tunai sehingga PPJB lunas dibawah tangan dinyatakan dapat diakui. Selanjutnya hakim memerintahkan untuk menerbitkan Sertipikat Hak Milik dengan nama PT. Citra Mutiara Agung melalui kantor pertanahan setempat. Hal ini tentu saja perlu dikritisi karena PPJB belum dapat mengalihkan hak atas tanah dan kepada PT tidak dapat diberikan hak penguasaan atas tanah dengan status HM sehingga semestinya status hak penguasaan atas tanah diturunkan menjadi Hak Guna Bangunan (HGB) agar PT dapat secara sah menguasainya

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A fully paid Sales and Purchase Agreement (PPJB) is a form of preliminary agreement made by the parties in writing and proven by a receipt for payment in full. The preliminary agreement is intended to initiate the legal act of buying and selling land rights. Agreements made privately are still often found in society, although in reality, the evidentiary value of private agreements is not as strong as agreements outlined in notarial deeds. PPJB in full which is made privately can actually trigger disputes as found in the case of Subang District Court Decision Number 11/Pdt.G/2023/PN.Sng. The case in the decision is related to the PPJB in full in full under the hand made between Limited Liability Companies (PT) to initiate the legal action of buying and selling land rights with Ownership Rights status. Therefore, the issue raised in this research is about the legal consequences of a paid PPJB carried out under the hands of PT in the sale and purchase of land ownership rights and the judge's considerations in his decision regarding this matter. This doctrinal research collects secondary data through literature study which is then analyzed qualitatively. From the results of the analysis, it can be explained that the PPJB paid off under the hands of PT in the legal act of buying and selling land rights should be null and void because the PT has no right to own, sell or control land ownership rights. The judge's considerations regarding the legal act of buying and selling land rights with Ownership Rights (HM) status between PTs through underhand PPJB are based on customary law relating to sale and purchase, namely the fulfillment of clear and cash conditions so that the fully paid PPJB underhand can be recognized. Next, the judge ordered the issuance of a Certificate of Ownership in the name of PT. Citra Mutiara Agung through the local land office. This of course needs to be criticized because PPJB cannot transfer land rights and PT cannot be given control rights over land with HM status, so the status of land control rights should be reduced to Building Use Rights (HGB) so that PT can legally control it. "