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"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghitung nilai biomassa dan cadangan karbon hutan magrove, nilai ekonomi total ekosistem hutan mangrove, dan untuk mengidentifikasi kontribusinya terhadap masyarakat di kawasan ekosisten hutan mangrove serta untuk menganalisis persepsi masyarakat terhadap keberadaan dan potensi hutan magrove di Gampong Kuala Langsa, Kabupaten Langsa Barat, Kota Langsa, Aceh. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada November 2016 sampai dengan Februari 2017. Cadangan karbon dihitung dengan menggunakan persamaan alometrik umum untuk tanaman mangrove. Nilai ekonomi total diterapkan untuk memperkirakan nilai ekonomi berdasarkan manfaat ekosistem hutan mangrove.Hasil penghitungan kandungan karbon diketahui bahwa ekosistem hutan mangrove Kuala Langsa menyimpan 1.119.791,32 ton C/ha, dengan 99 cadangan karbon tersimpan di dalam tanah. Hasil perhitungan nilai ekonomi total ekosistem hutan mangrove Kuala Langsa didapatkan nilai sebesar Rp.233.917.708.451 ndash; Rp.309.475.627.768 per tahun. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa interpretasi skor tingkat persepsi masyarakat terhadap keberadaan dan potensi hutan mangrove tergolong sangat baik 81,78, yang artinya masyarakat sudah sangat memahami manfaat akan keberadaan hutan mangrove dan pentingnya hutan mangrove karena fungsi ekosistemnya dan ketergantungan masyarakat terhadap hasil sumberdaya alamnya, seperti ikan, tiram, kerang, kepiting, dan udang guna kepentingan pasar dan konsumsi pribadi.

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The purpose of this study is to estimate the economics value of mangrove forest ecosystem, and to identify its contribution to the society and to analyze local people rsquo s perception on the excistence and the potential of mangrove forest ecosytem in Gampong Kuala Langsa, District of West Langsa, Langsa City, Aceh. This study has been conducted in November 2016 until February 2017. The calculation of carbon content is known Kuala Langsa mangrove ecosystem which is maintained 1,119,791,32 ton C ha. The method of economic valuation was applied to estimate the economic value based on the benefits of mangroves forest ecosystem. The calculation result of economic value of mangrove forest ecosystems was about Rp.233.917.708.451 Rp.309.475.627.768 per year.

The result of community perception analysis shows that the perception of public perception score on the existence and potential of mangrove forest is very good 81,78 . This mangrove forest ecosystem also has a large contribution to the community in this area as residential areas and sources of income such as oysters, shellfish, crabs, and shrimp. They were already aware the importance to protect mangrove forests because of its ecosystem function as land protection and their dependency on the natural resources potential of mangrove ecosystem, such as oysters, clams, crabs, and shrimps for market purpose or private consumption."

"ABSTRACTPenelitian ini membahas mengenai evaluasi atas ketentuan pajak nail down yang diterapkan pada industri pertambangan mineral dan batubara di Indonesia. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengevaluasi penerapan ketentuan pajak nail down pada sektor pertambangan dengan menggunakan dua asas pemungutan pajak yaitu asas certainty dan asas neutrality. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui studi lapangan dan studi literatur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ketentuan pajak nail down telah memenuhi asas certainty namun terdapat beberapa faktor yang dapat menghambat pemenuhan asas tersebut. Sedangkan, ketentuan pajak nail down tidak memenuhi asas neutrality karena mempengaruhi pengambilan keputusan yang dilakukan oleh investor.

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ABSTRACTThis research focused on the evaluation of nail down tax system on the mining industry in Indonesia. The purpose of this research is to analyze the application of nail down tax system on the mining industry by using two principles of tax collection which are certainty and neutrality. This research used a qualitative approach with field research and literature data collection methods. The results showed that the nail down tax system has fulfilled the principle of certainty but there are several factors that can inhibit the fulfillment of these principles. However, the nail down tax system does not meet the principle of neutrality because it affects decision making by investors. "