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Abstrak :
Banteng (Bos javanicus d?Alton) is naturally distributed throughout Asia. In Indonesia this species can be found in Jawa, Bali, and Kalimantan. The current population is small, making it categorized as an endangered species. Protection measures have been implemented in such national parks as in West Bali, Ujung Kulon, Baluran, and Alas Purwo. Scientifically, this species is a genetic resource potential for further domestication purposes. In fact this species has been traditionally utilized as a cross-breeder for Bali Cattle which originated from Bos sondaicus. Banteng is typically a crespuscular species, but due to disturbances it sometimes becomes nocturnal. The species generally live in groups of 5 to 15 individuals, with only 2 to 3 steers in a group, although groups with only one steer is not unusual. The groups spend most ,of their time grazing in a pasture. Alas Purwo is a national park located in Sothern Banyuwangi, East Jawa, and initially gazetted as an area for animal protection. The total area of this national park is about 43420 hectares, but the Banteng is usually found grazing in Sadengan a pasture area with a size of about 20 hectares. This thesis consists of two papers, i.e.,Daily behaviour of banteng, and Habitat selection for feeding. Samples of banteng have been taken directly, using the concentrated method, whereas the grass samples have been taken by using quadrates of 100 x 100 cm2, totalling 100 plots. Observations have been carried out in two locations, i.e., location I: around the tower, and location II: nearby and adjacent to the mountaineous area. The studies have been conducted from January 1996 to June 1996. The paper entitled Daily behaviour of bantengs concluded that (1). The environment significantly affected the daily behaviour of the cows.(2). Frequency of cows in pasture areas of Sadengan in Alas Purwo broken as if indicator of disturbance. It is recommended that to increase grazing intensity of cows, habitat management should be maintained properly, particularly monitoring of wild dogs. The paper entitled Habitat selection for feeding, concluded : (1). Potential of grasses in pastures of Sadengan in Alas Purwo National Park was very low, (2)Location of grazing areas was concentrated in one location, and was related to the biomass of grasses as their food resource. It is recommended that (1). Pasture areas of Sadengan in Alas Purwo National Park should be properly maintained, and (2). Grasses of Hyptis brevipes Porr. and Cassia Lora L. should be cut prior to flowering.

Abstrak :
Latar Belakang: Aktifitas dan lingkungan penyelaman yang dilakukan penyelam Kopaska memiliki bahaya potensial baik fisik, kimia maupun biologi. Teori adatatif Guritno mengatakan bahwa lingkungan penyelaman merupakan stressor yang menyebabkan manusia melakukan penyesuain, dimana dalam melakukan adaptasinya mengalami strain yang mempengaruhi beberapa organ tubuh manusia. Penelitian ini bertujuan membuktikan pengaruh kerja jantung : isi sekuncup, frekuensi denyut jantung dan curah jantung dengan kerja fisik submaksimal menggunakan media napas oksigen 100% dan udara kompresi di kedalaman 5 meter pada penyelam Kopaska. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan studi eksperimental dengan cross over design. Subyek penelitin 22 orang penyelam Kopaska, dibagi dua kelompok, yaitu oksigen 100% (intervensi) dengan udara kompresi (kontrol). Kerja fisik submaksimal menggunakan sepeda ergocycle dengan metode Astrand modifikasi Guritno. Hasil: Perbandingan respon kardiovaskuler antara media napas oksigen 100% dengan udara kompresi kondisi hiperbarik saat istirahat, respon isi sekuncup dengan nilai value-p p = 0.655, frekuensi denyut jantung p = 0.512 dan curah jantung p = 0.769 (p > 0.05). Dalam kondisi hiperbarik saat pembebanan fisik submaksimal 2 Kp, respon isi sekuncup dengan nilai value-p p = 0.655, frekuensi denyut jantung p = 0.512 dan curah jantung p = 0.769 (p > 0.05). Kesimpulan: Tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna pada sistem kardiovaskuler berupa respon isi sekuncup, frekuensi denyut jantung dan curah jantung antara media napas oksigen 100% dengan udara kompresi di kedalaman 5 meter baik saat istirahat maupun saat pembebanan fisik submaksimal 2 Kp. ...... Background: activities and environmental dives conducted frogmen divers have good potential danger of physical, chemical and biological. "Guritno adatatif Theory" says that the dive environment is a stressor that causes people to do adjustment, which in doing adaptation subjected to strain that affects several organs of the human body. This study aims to prove the influence of the heart: stroke volume, heart rate and cardiac output with submaximal physical work using the media breathing 100% oxygen and compressed air at a depth of 5 meters at divers frogmen. Methods: This study is an experimental study with cross-over design. The subjects of the research is conducted 22 divers frogmen, divided into two groups, namely oxygen 100% (intervention) with compressed air (control). Submaximal exercise using a bicycle Ergocycle Astrand method "Guritno modification". Results: Comparison of cardiovascular responses between the media breathing oxygen 100% (hyperbaric hyperoxia) with compressed air (hyperbaric ?hyperoxia air?) conditions hyperbaricat rest, stroke volume response with value-p of p = 0.655, heart rate p = 0.512 and cardiac output p = 0.769 (p> 0.05). In conditions hyperbaric submaximal exercise 2 Kp, stroke volume response with value-p of p = 0.226, heart rate p = 0.647 and cardiac output p = 0.195 (p> 0.05). Conclusions: There were no significant differences in the response of the cardiovascular system such as stroke volume, heart rate and cardiac output between the media breathing oxygen 100% with compressed air at a depth of 5 meters both at rest and during submaximal exercise 2 Kp.

Abstrak :
Eksposur resiko menjadi perhatian penting pada sebuah investasi. Khususnya pada bankbank milik Negara, karena banyak pelaku terlibat.bermain disana. PT Bank Mandiri, PT Bank Negara Indonesia dan PT Bank Rakyat Indonesia perlu mengetahui seberapa besar risiko kerugian yang dapat dialami karena memiliki portfolio investasi 3 saham tersebut. Dalam karya akhir ini akan dihitung besarnya nilai VaR dengan metode monte carlo dan simulasi historis selama 2 tahun lalu dites aktualnya pada tahun ketiga dengan hasil perhitungan 2 tahun sebelumnya. Didapati bahwa pada tinglat Alpha Historis smulasi 5% terdapat 10 kali penyimpangan sedangkan monte carlo ada 11 kali penyimpangan. Hal ini dapat menjadi dasar penggunaaan metode apa yang tepat untuk mengukur sebuah resiko. ......Exposure to risk is important concern at an investment. Especially at the state-owned banks, because there are many actors involved.. PT Bank Mandiri, PT Bank Negara Indonesia and PT Bank Rakyat Indonesia needs to know how much the risk of loss can be experienced as it has an investment portfolio of three stocks. In this final paper will count the value of VaR to the monte carlo method and historical simulation over 2 years ago actually tested in the third year with the calculated two years earlier. Found that the Historical Simulation at Alpha 5% deviation whereas there were 10 times 11 times monte carlo any irregularities. This can be the basis of what is appropriate use of methods to measure a risk.

Abstrak :
Kiai, alumni and santri Ilir kali first confronted with the PRD and SMID who spearheaded the various demonstrations of labor movement in East Java. Now, communism as the common enemy no longer has a clear personification and increasingly blurred. The intensity of the conflict become more intensified in mid-1998 in various areas in Java, forcing the local elites in Modjosongo do institutionalization consolidation of local leaders. Incident "communal praying" created as common platform transformation media for religion, politics and economic elite's in Madukara. When labors' demonstrations took place in Madukara several times in the transition era of the Reformation, Islamic propaganda becoming part of subjugation. This article presents how the position of the santri and the dilemma in the frame space of capital that flourished in the city.

Abstrak :
ABSTRACT
This article assumes that language is not only a way of saying things (informative), but also a way of doing things (performative) or exercising power Through conducting eight focus group discussions (FGDs) involving 39 Christian participants in Surakarta Central Java, this research studies the Christians discourse on their fellow Muslims. In those FGDs, I stimulated the participants discussion by the basic question, How do you speak about Muslims. Though the question is about Muslims, but in fact sometimes they also speak about themselves. I am concerned about the discursive study of religion taking advantage from Norman Fairclough discourse analysis theory and method focusing on the analysis of linguistic practice, discursive practice, and social practice. As a result, the discussions of participants were on a hegemonic struggle between dominant and peripheral voices to define what is considered (ab)normal Muslims. Christian participants identified extremist (fanatical, fundamentalist) Muslims as abnormal. They positioned extremists and excessive persons as extraordinary. Thus, they identified extremism as not the norm but an exception to the rule of religions. In distinguishing between normal and extreme the participants primarily positioned themselves as normal or ordinary religious people who are moderate. They identified those who cause conflict as neither moderate Muslims nor moderate Christians, but fundamentalists in their respective faiths.