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"Asam kojat atau kojic acid adalah asam organik yang juga merupakan suatu metabolit sekunder yang dihasilkan oleh berbagai mikroorganisme, salah satunya yaitu Aspergillus oryzae. Dua area utama yang biasanya dikembangkan untuk peningkatan produksi asam kojat adalah pemuliaan galur (strain improvement) dan pengembangan kondisi fermentasi. Hal ini bertujuan untuk mencari metode peningkatan produksi terbaik, yang cepat, murah, efisien, dan tentunya efektif. Random mutagenesis merupakan pendekatan klasik untuk menghasilkan suatu mutan, dimana pada metode ini akan dihasilkan mutasi yang bersifat acak. Sel-sel Aspergillus oryzae yang dipaparkan pada mutagen fisika seperti radiasi sinar UV dan gamma atau pada mutagen kimia seperti N-metil-N-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidin (NTG) dan Etil metan sulfonat (EMS), menunjukkan kemampuannya dalam meningkatkan produksi asam kojat. Beberapa jenis metode mutasi baru seperti Ion Beam Implantation dan Atmospheric and room temperature plasma (ARTP) juga diketahui memiliki efektivitas yang baik dalam upaya meningkatkan produksi produk-produk biologis seperti asam kojat. Komparasi metode random mutagenesis pada galur Aspergillus oryzae dengan penggunaan berbagai jenis mutagen perlu dilakukan untuk memberikan gambaran lebih baik dari tiap metode sehingga dapat membantu peneliti maupun pelajar lainnya dalam mempelajari maupun memilih metode mutagenesis terbaik untuk meningkatkan produksi asam kojat.

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Kojic acid is an organic acid which is also a secondary metabolite produced by various microorganisms, one of which is Aspergillus oryzae. Two main areas that are usually enhanced for the purpose of increasing kojic acid production are strain improvement and optimization of fermentation conditions. Mutations in kojic acid-producing genes such as the Aspergillus oryzae strain are believed to be effective in increasing the yield of kojic acid. Random mutagenesis is a classic approach for inducing and producing mutants, and in this method, random mutations are produced. Aspergillus oryzae strains that are exposed to physical mutagens such as UV and gamma radiation or to chemical mutagens such as N-methyl-N-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (NTG) and Ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS), showed their abilities in increasing the production of kojic acid. Several types of new mutation methods such as Ion Beam Implantation and Atmospheric and room temperature plasma (ARTP) also showed good responses in enhancing the production of biological products such as kojic acid. Comparing these random mutagenesis methods of Aspergillus oryzae with the use of various types of mutagen needs to be done in order to provide a better insight of each method so that it can help researchers and also students in learning and choosing the most suitable method in increasing the kojic acid production."

"Apotek Kimia Farma KS Tubun 282 merupakan Apotek yang berada di daerah KS Tubun, Palmerah dengan lokasi yang cukup strategis karna akses jalan cukup ramai dan dekat dengan dua rumah sakit yaitu RS Bhakti Mulia dan RS Pelni. Meskipun telah memiliki banyak pelanggan setelah beroperasi puluhan tahun, namun belakangan ini Apotek Kimia Farma KS Tubun mengalami penurunan omset yang kemungkinan besar dipengaruhi oleh penurunan jumlah dan kepuasan pelanggan. Laporan analisis ini mengukur dan mengevaluasi tingkat kualitas pelayanan di Apotek Kimia Farma KS Tubun, serta aspek apa yang perlu diperbaiki oleh Apotek Kimia Farma KS Tubun guna dapat meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan sehingga diharapkan juga dapat meningkatkan omset penjualan.

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Apotek Kimia Farma KS Tubun 282 is a pharmacy located in the KS Tubun, Palmerah area with a strategic location because the road access is quite crowded and close to two hospitals, namely Bhakti Mulia Hospital and Pelni Hospital. Even though it has had many customers after decades of operation, recently Apotek Kimia Farma KS Tubun has experienced a decline in turnover which is most likely influenced by a decrease in the number and customer satisfaction. This analysis report needs to be carried out to measure and evaluate the level of service quality at Apotek Kimia Farma KS Tubun, as well as what aspects need to be improved by Apotek Kimia Farma KS Tubun in order to improve service quality so that it is also expected to increase sales turnover."

"Apotek Kimia Farma KS Tubun 282 merupakan Apotek yang berada di daerah KS Tubun, Palmerah dengan lokasi yang cukup strategis karna akses jalan cukup ramai dan dekat dengan dua rumah sakit yaitu RS Bhakti Mulia dan RS Pelni. Meskipun telah memiliki banyak pelanggan setelah beroperasi puluhan tahun, namun belakangan ini Apotek Kimia Farma KS Tubun mengalami penurunan omset yang kemungkinan besar dipengaruhi oleh penurunan jumlah dan kepuasan pelanggan. Laporan analisis ini mengukur dan mengevaluasi tingkat kualitas pelayanan di Apotek Kimia Farma KS Tubun, serta aspek apa yang perlu diperbaiki oleh Kimia Farma KS Tubun guna dapat meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan sehingga diharapkan juga dapat meningkatkan omset penjualan.

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Apotek Kimia Farma KS Tubun 282 is a pharmacy located in the KS Tubun, Palmerah area with a strategic location because the road access is quite crowded and close to two hospitals, namely Bhakti Mulia Hospital and Pelni Hospital. Even though it has had many customers after decades of operation, recently Apotek Kimia Farma KS Tubun has experienced a decline in turnover which is most likely influenced by a decrease in the number and customer satisfaction. This analysis report needs to be carried out to measure and evaluate the level of service quality at Apotek Kimia Farma KS Tubun 282, as well as what aspects need to be improved by Apotek Kimia Farma KS Tubun 282 in order to improve service quality so that it is also expected to increase sales turnover."