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"ANALISIS STRUKTUR KRISTAL DAN SIFAT MAGNETIK PADUAN SISTEM Ba0,5Sr0,5O.6Fe2(1-x)MnxTixO3 (x = 0, 0.25, dan 0.5). Telah dilakukan analisis struktur kristal pada bahan magnet system Ba0,5Sr0,5O.6Fe2(1-x)MnxTixO3 menggunakan difraksi sinar-x. Bahan system Ba0,5Sr0,5O.6Fe2(1-x)MnxTixO3 dibuat dengan metode reaksi padatan menggunakan proses mechanical milling dan di sintering pada suhu 1050 oC selama 15 jam dengan variasi x = 0, 0.25, dan 0.5. Hasil refinement dari pola difraksi sinar-x menunjukkan bahwa telah terbentuk single phase bahan magnet system Ba0,5Sr0,5O.6Fe2(1-x)MnxTixO3 (x = 0, 0.25, dan 0.5) dengan struktur kristal heksagonal (grup ruang P 63/m m c). Struktur heksagonal ini dibangun menjadi 4 blok sub unit yang disebut dengan 2 blok sub unit S (Fe63+O82-)2+ dan 2 blok sub unit R (Ba0.52+Sr0.52+Fe63+O112-)2- yang merupakan panjang ikatan berturut-turut Fe3+(5)?Fe3+(1)?Fe3+(5) dan Fe3+(5)?Fe3+(2)?Fe3+(5). Substitusi Mn dan Ti ke dalam atom Fe mengakibatkan volume unit sel dan jarak blok S membesar sedangkan kerapatan atomic dan jarak blok R menjadi semakin berkurang. Karakterisasi magnetic sampel Ba0,5Sr0,5O.6Fe2(1-x)MnxTixO3 (x = 0; 0,25; dan 0,5) ditandai dengan menurunnya medan coercive Hc dari 1508 Oe (x = 0) menjadi 296 Oe (x = 0,5). Dan karakterisasi uji serapan, bahwa rentang frekuensi serapan terjadi pada daerah 8 ? 11 GHz, 11 ? 13,5 GHz, dan 13.5 ? 16 GHz, dan titik puncak serapan terjadi pada frekuensi 9,3 GHz, 11,3 GHz, dan 13,7 GHz yang berturut-turut untuk sampel Ba0,5Sr0,5O.6Fe2(1-x)MnxTixO3 (x = 0; 0,25; dan 0,5). Disimpulkan bahwa telah berhasil dibuat single phase bahan magnet system Ba0,5Sr0,5O.6Fe2(1-x)MnxTixO3 (x = 0, 0.25, dan 0.5) untuk kandidat bahan absorpsi untuk gelombang elektromagnetik ultra tinggi.

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ANALYSIS OF CRYSTAL STRUCTURE AND MAGNETIC PROPERTIES ON Ba0,5Sr0,5O.6Fe2(1-x)MnxTixO3 (x = 0, 0.25, and 0.5) SYSTEM COMPOUND. The analysis of Ba0,5Sr0,5O.6Fe2(1-x)MnxTixO3 system magnetic material by using x-ray diffraction technique have been performed. The synthesis of Ba0,5Sr0,5O.6Fe2(1-x)MnxTixO3 (x = 0, 0.25, and 0.5) system magnetic material are used by solid state reaction method through the mechanical milling process and sintered at 1050 oC for 15 hours. The result of refinement of x-ray diffractions showed that the single phases of of Ba0,5Sr0,5O.6Fe2(1-x)MnxTixO3 (x = 0, 0.25, and 0.5) system magnetic materials have been formed with the crystal structure of hexagonal (space group P 63/m m c). The hexagonal with space group P63/mmc is constructed from 4 building blocks, namely two S blocks (Fe63+O82-)2+ and two R blocks (Ba0.52+Sr0.52+Fe63+O112-)2-. And then S and R blocks are bond length of Fe3+(5)?Fe3+(1)?Fe3+(5) and Fe3+(5)?Fe3+(2)?Fe3+(5), respectively. The substitution of Mn and Ti under Fe caused the volume of unit cell and S block space increase, while the atomic density and R block space decrease. Magnetic characterization show that the coercivity for x = 0 was 1567 Oe decrease drastically to 256 Oe for x = 0.5. And absorption characterization show that the bandwidth of absorption frequence was the range 8 ? 11 GHz, 11 ? 13,5 GHz, dan 13.5 ? 16 GHz, for sample of Ba0,5Sr0,5O.6Fe2(1-x)MnxTixO3 (x = 0; 0.25; dan 0.5), respectively. We conclude that the single phases of of Ba0,5Sr0,5O.6Fe2(1-x)MnxTixO3 (x = 0, 0.25, and 0.5) system magnetic materials have been synthesized with successfully."

"Beberapa dekade terakhir ini peredam gelombang elektromagnetik (microwave absorber) dari bahan magnetik telah banyak digunakan untuk aplikasi di bidang pertahanan militer, elektronik dan telekomunikasi. Secara sederhana dapat dikatakan bahwa bahan absorber gelombang elektromagnetik adalah sebuah bahan yang dapat melemahkan energi gelombang elektromagnetik. Bahan-bahan yang memiliki kriteria sebagai bahan absorber gelombang elektromagnetik adalah bahan harus memiliki karakteristik permeabilitas (magnetic loss properties) dan permitivitas (dielectric loss properties). Kandidat potensial sebagai bahan absorber gelombang elektromagnetik adalah bahan magnetik sistem ABO3 perovskite lanthanum manganite. Dengan rekayasa struktur sistem lanthanum manganite ini diharapkan dapat menjadi bahan unggul untuk aplikasi microwave absorber. Pengembangan bahan magnetik yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini mencakup sistem La(1-y)BayFexMn½(1-x)Ti½(1-x)O3 (x = 0 - 1,0 dan y = 0 - 1,0) telah diperoleh komposisi yang paling baik yaitu komposisi senyawa La0.8Ba0.2Fe0.3Mn0.35Ti0.35O3. Sintesis nanopartikel senyawa La0.8Ba0.2Fe0.3Mn0.35Ti0.35O3 fase tunggal telah berhasil diperoleh melalui metode pemaduan mekanik dilanjutkan dengan tahapan sintering pada suhu 1000 °C selama 10 jam. Sintered materials kemudian dihaluskan kembali selama 20 jam. Hasil refinement pola difraksi sinar-x menunjukkan bahwa senyawa La0.8Ba0.2Fe0.3Mn0.35Ti0.35O3 memiliki struktur monoklinik dengan parameter kisi a = 5,5182(8) Å, b = 5,5442(8) Å, c = 7,822(1) Å, dan  = 89,63(1)o. Ukuran rata-rata kristalit partikel senyawa La0.8Ba0.2Fe0.3Mn0.35Ti0.35O3 adalah 42 nm. Sedangkan ukuran rata-rata partikelnya berdasarkan pengujian dengan Particle Size Analyser adalah 72 nm. Material bersifat ferromagnetik memiliki karakteristik nilai permeabilitas dan permitivitas yang baik. Hasil pengujian serapan gelombang elektromagnetik pada rentang frekuensi 9 - 15 GHz menunjukkan bahwa terdapat tiga frekuensi puncak serapan pada frekuensi 9,9 GHz, 12,0 GHz, dan 14,1 GHz dengan nilai reflection loss berturut-turut sebesar ~ 9 dB, ~ 13 dB, dan ~ 25 dB. Disimpulkan bahwa bahan sistem La(1-y)BayFexMn½(1-x)Ti½(1-x)O3 (dengan x = 0 - 1,0 dan y = 0 - 1,0) menjadi kandidat yang potensial untuk digunakan sebagai bahan unggul absorber gelombang elektromagnetik.

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Recently electromagnetic wave absorber materials haves been used for military, electronic, and telecommunication devices. In a very simple definition, electromagnetic wave absorber material is a material that can weaken the electromagnetic wave energy. Basic properties which are required of electromagnetic wave absorber materials were that the materials must have high permeability (magnetic loss properties) and high permittivity (dielectric loss properties) values. One of potential candidates for absorbing materials is ABO3 perovskite lanthanum manganite-based system. Structurals modification of the basic lanthanum manganite was applied in order to find the best the microwave absorber characteristics of the modified materials system. Current research activities were covering La(1-y)BayFexMn½(1-x)Ti½(1-x)O3 (x = 0 - 1.0 and y = 0 - 1.0) compositions. It was found that the best composition with an improve microwave absorption characteristic is La0.8Ba0.2Fe0.3Mn0.35Ti0.35O3. Single phase of La0.8Ba0.2Fe0.3Mn0.35Ti0.35O3 nanoparticles were successfully synthesized by mechanical alloying method. The mixture of all precursors were first mechanically milled for 10 hrs and then sintered at a temperature of 1000 °C for 10 hrs in which a fully crystalline material is ensured. The sintered material was then re-milled for 20 hrs to obtain powder-based nanoparticles. The refinement of x-ray diffraction trace for re-milled materials confirmed a single phase material with a monoclinic structure of lattice parameters: a = 5.5182(8) Å, b = 5.5442(8) Å, c = 7.822(1) Å, and  = 89.63(1)o. The mechanically alloyed and sintered materials in the whole mechanical milling resulted in powders with mean crystallite size 42 nm. The mean particle size as refering to the particle size analyzer was 72 nm in the second mechanically milled powders. Thus, results of mean crystallite size and crystallite size evaluations for the powder materials showed that the mean crystallite zise is almost similar to the mean particle size. In addition, the hysteresis curve evaluation showed that the sample material is ferromagnetic. Results of VNA evaluation indicated that there were three of absorption peaks with reflection loss values ~ -9.0 dB, ~ -11.5 dB, and ~ -25.0 dB at frequency 9.9 GHz, 12.0 GHz, and 14.1 GHz respectively. The study concluded that the magnetic materials of La(1-y)BayFexMn½(1-x)Ti½(1-x)O3 compositions (x = 0 - 1,0 and y = 0 - 1) have a good potential to be a candidate of electromagnetc wave absorbing materials."

"This paper reports on the magnetic properties and electromagnetic characterization of La0.8Ba0.2FexMn½(1-x)Ti½(1-x)O3 (x = 0.1–0.8). The La0.8Ba0.2FexMn½(1-x)Ti½(1-x)O3 (x = 0.1–0.8) materials were prepared using a mechanical alloying method. All the materials were made of analytical grade precursors of BaCO3, Fe2O3, MnCO3, TiO2, and La2O3, which were blended and mechanically milled in a planetary ball mill for 10h. The milled powders were compacted and subsequently sintered at 1000°C for 5h. All the sintered samples showed a fully crystalline structure, as confirmed using an X-ray diffractometer. It is shown that all samples consisted of LaMnO3 based as the major phase with the highest mass fraction up to 99% found in samples with x < 0.3. The mass fraction of main phase in doped samples decreased in samples with x > 0.3. The hysteresis loop derived from magnetic properties measurement confirmed the present of hard magnetic BaFe12O19 phase in all La0.8Ba0.2FexMn½(1-x)Ti½(1-x)O3 (x = 0.1–0.8) samples. The results of the electromagnetic wave absorption indicated that there were three absorption peaks of ~9 dB, ~8 dB, and ~23.5 dB, respectively, at respective frequencies of 9.9 GHz, 12.0 GHz, and 14.1 GHz. After calculations of reflection loss formula, the electromagnetic wave absorption was found to reach 95% at the highest peak frequency of 14.1 GHz with a sample thickness of around 1.5 mm. Thus, this study successfully synthesized a single phase of La0.8Ba0.2FexMn½(1-x)Ti½(1-x)O3 (x = 0.1–0.8) for the electromagnetic waves absorber material application."