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Abstrak :
[ASTRAK
Latar Belakang: Pengetahuan seseorang yang tidak memadai terhadap risiko suatu tindakan medis berpotensi menimbulkan kecemasan dan tuntutan sehingga diperlukan upaya komunikasi dan pemberian edukasi dengan baik. Pembedahan penyakit jantung bawaan (PJB) anak berisiko tinggi terjadi morbiditas hingga mortalitas. Terdapat kesan pemahaman ibu yang tidak optimal terhadap pembedahan PJB anak mereka. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai pengetahuan ibu terhadap pembedahan PJB. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan uji eksperimen tidak murni (kuasi eksperimen) untuk mengetahui perubahan pengetahuan dan uji potong lintang untuk mengetahui proporsi pengetahuan yang rendah sebelum diberikan edukasi pada ibu anak yang akan menjalani pembedahan jantung pada bulan Mei hingga Juli 2014 di Instalasi Pelayanan Jantung Terpadu (PJT) RSUPNCM. Pengetahuan ibu dinilai menggunakan kuesioner dan edukasi menggunakan media edukasi mini flipchart. Kuesioner dan media edukasi dikembangkan sendiri oleh peneliti. Pengetahuan akan dinilai saat praedukasi dan pascaedukasi. Hasil: Sebanyak 57 subyek diikutsertakan dalam penelitian dan tidak ada subyek yang dikeluarkan saat penelitian. Analisis menggunakan stratifikasi untuk tiap diagnosis dan jenjang pendidikan. Total 47 subyek yang dapat dianalisis. Didapatkan 49% subyek memiliki pengetahuan rendah praedukasi dan seluruh subyek (100%) mengalami peningkatan pengetahuan pascaedukasi. Simpulan: Pemberian edukasi mampu meningkatkan pengetahuan ibu anak dengan PJB yang akan menjalani pembedahan jantung.

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ABSTRACT
Background : Inadequate knowledge about risk of upcoming medical intervention may raise anxiety and demands. Therefore good communication and education are required. Congenital Heart Disease (CHD) children surgery has high risk of morbidity and mortality. There is an impression that the mother has lack understanding of their children?s surgery. This study aimed to assess the mother?s knowledge of CHD surgery. Method : This study used quasi-experimental design to determine changes in maternal knowledge and cross-sectional tests to assess the proportion of low knowledge prior the provision of education on the mothers whose children underwent heart surgery in May to July 2014 in RSUPNCM. Knowledge of mothers was assessed using questionnaires before and after the education. Education was provided using ?mini flipchart? media. Questionnaires and educational media were developed by the researchers. Result : A total of 57 subjects were included in the study and no subjects were excluded during the research. Analysis was done by using stratification for each diagnosis. A total of 47 subjects can be analyzed. We found that 49% of the subjects had low knowledge prior the provision of education and all subjects (100%) had increasing knowledge after education. Conclusion : The provision of education is able to increase the knowledge of mothers whose children will undergo congenital heart disease surgery.;Background : Inadequate knowledge about risk of upcoming medical intervention may raise anxiety and demands. Therefore good communication and education are required. Congenital Heart Disease (CHD) children surgery has high risk of morbidity and mortality. There is an impression that the mother has lack understanding of their children’s surgery. This study aimed to assess the mother’s knowledge of CHD surgery. Method : This study used quasi-experimental design to determine changes in maternal knowledge and cross-sectional tests to assess the proportion of low knowledge prior the provision of education on the mothers whose children underwent heart surgery in May to July 2014 in RSUPNCM. Knowledge of mothers was assessed using questionnaires before and after the education. Education was provided using “mini flipchart” media. Questionnaires and educational media were developed by the researchers. Result : A total of 57 subjects were included in the study and no subjects were excluded during the research. Analysis was done by using stratification for each diagnosis. A total of 47 subjects can be analyzed. We found that 49% of the subjects had low knowledge prior the provision of education and all subjects (100%) had increasing knowledge after education. Conclusion : The provision of education is able to increase the knowledge of mothers whose children will undergo congenital heart disease surgery., Background : Inadequate knowledge about risk of upcoming medical intervention may raise anxiety and demands. Therefore good communication and education are required. Congenital Heart Disease (CHD) children surgery has high risk of morbidity and mortality. There is an impression that the mother has lack understanding of their children’s surgery. This study aimed to assess the mother’s knowledge of CHD surgery. Method : This study used quasi-experimental design to determine changes in maternal knowledge and cross-sectional tests to assess the proportion of low knowledge prior the provision of education on the mothers whose children underwent heart surgery in May to July 2014 in RSUPNCM. Knowledge of mothers was assessed using questionnaires before and after the education. Education was provided using “mini flipchart” media. Questionnaires and educational media were developed by the researchers. Result : A total of 57 subjects were included in the study and no subjects were excluded during the research. Analysis was done by using stratification for each diagnosis. A total of 47 subjects can be analyzed. We found that 49% of the subjects had low knowledge prior the provision of education and all subjects (100%) had increasing knowledge after education. Conclusion : The provision of education is able to increase the knowledge of mothers whose children will undergo congenital heart disease surgery.]

Abstrak :
Menurunnya kualftas lingkungan perairan dapat dipengaruhi oleh kegiatan manusia di clarat. - Dampak menurunnya kualitas perairan terhadap biota air akan terlihat pada struktur komunitas organisme benthos yaftu kelimpahan individu jenis. Dengan perkataan lain bahwa perubahan pada struktur komunitas benthos dapat menggambarkan proses yang terjacli di dalam suatu lingkungan perairan. Masalah yang ditelaah dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana hubungan kualitas air terhadap persebaran benthos di perairan Teluk Jakarta. Metode penelitian yang cligunakan adalah metode penampalan antara peta Kesesuaian hidup benthos ( diperoleh dari penampalan parameter fisik-kimia ) dengan peta Persebaran Benthos (Periglypta). Hasil akhir dari penelitian ini berupa ringkasan sebagai berikut : Persebaran populasi benthos clari jenis Periglypta yang tinggi di perairan Teluk Jakarta, baik pada musim barat maupun musim timur terdapat pada vvilayah perairan dengan kualitas air baik clan derajat pencemaran rendah. o Hubungan antara populasi benthos (Periglypta) dengan kualitas air adalah: semakin tinggi populasi benthos (Periglypta) semakin baik kualitas air dan sebaliknya.

Abstrak :
Tube merupakan bidang pemisah antara kedua jenis fluida proses yang mengalir didalam heat exchanger dan sekaligus sebagai bidang perpindahan panas. Jenis Heat Exchanger yang digunakan adalah U-tube, dimana terdapat perbedaan desain tube pada jenis Heat Exchanger ini yaitu tube yang berbentuk lurus (straight) dan tube yang dibuat melengkung (bend) membentuk huruf ?U?. Kondisi aplikasi kerja dari tube digunakan pada kondisi temperatur kerja yang tinggi dan juga menggunakan air laut sebagai media pendingin pada tube. Material tube adalah baja tahan karat super dupleks SAF 2507 (UNS 32750) yang dikenal mempunyai sifat ketahanan terhadap korosi sumuran yang baik. Penelitian yang bertujuan untuk membandingkan ketahanan korosi sumuran dari 2 bagian desain tube yang berbeda dilakukan dengan metode polarisasi Potentiodynamic pada temperatur 50, 55, 60 dan 65°C dengan medium air laut, dari pengujian ini akan diperoleh nilai potensial kritis pitting (E pitt) dan nilai CPT (Critical Pitting Temperature). Serta dilakukan pengujian komposisi untuk mencari nilai Pitting Resistance Equivalen Number (PREN) dan pengujian mikrostruktur untuk mengetahui perbedaan mikrostruktur dari 2 bagian desain tube yang berbeda. Dari data hasil penelitian, didapatkan hasil bahwa ketahanan korosi sumuran tube straight lebih baik dibandingkan dengan tube bending. Ini terlihat dari nilai E pitt tube straight yang lebih tinggi dibanding nilai E pitt tube bending. Peningkatan temperatur dari 50, 55, 60 dan 65°C akan menurunkan ketahanan material terhadap korosi sumuran. Nilai CPT dari material adalah 50°C. Nilai PREN material adalah 40,343. Dari hasil pengamatan mikrostruktur didapatkan perbedaan mikrostruktur antara tube straight dan bending. Pada tube bending terdapat struktur ferrite yang patah-patah, serta komposisi ferrite dan austenite yang tidak homogen.Dengan perbedaan mikrostruktur pada kedua daerah tersebut, besar kemungkinan setelah proses deformasi, tidak dilakukan proses heat treatment untuk menghilangkan residual stress akibat proses deformasi sekaligus mengembalikan bentuk mikrostruktur ke bentuk semula. Residual stress dapat mengurangi ketahanan material terhadap korosi sumuran. ......Tube is the constrictor area between both types of process fluid which streaming in heat exchanger and also at the same time as area transfer of heat. Type of Heat Exchanger used is U-Tube Heat Exchanger, where there are difference of tube design at this type of Heat Exchanger, that is tube Straight and tube bended to form letter ?U?. The condition of work application from tube is at high temperature and also using sea water as cooler media. Material of Tube Super Duplex Stainless Steel SAF 2507 (UNS 32750) which recognized have good resilience to pitting corrosion. Research with aim to compare the pitting corrosion resilience from 2 different part of tube design conducted with polarization Potentiodynamic method at temperature 50, 55, 60 and 65°C with sea water medium, from this examination will be obtained critical pitting potential (E pitt) and CPT ( Critical Pitting Temperature). And also conducted the chemical composition examination to look for the value of Pitting Resistance Equivalent Number (PREN) and microstructure examination to observe the difference of microstructure from these 2 different part of tube design. From research data result, got the result that the pitting corrosion resilience from straight tube is better compared to bending tube. This seen from E pitt value of straight tube is higher compared to E pitt value from bending tube. Improvement of temperature from 50, 55, 60 and 65°C will degrade the material corrosion pitting resilience. CPT value of material is 50°C. PREN value of material is 40,343. From microstructure examination got the difference of microstructure between straight tube and bend. At bending tube there are ferrite structure which broken, and also the ferrite-austenite composition which is not homogeneous. With these difference of microstructure at both area, big possibility after the deformation process, do not be done the heat treatment process to eliminate the stress residual effect from deformation process which also at the same time aim to return the microstructure form to the initially form. Stress Residual can degrade the material pitting corrosion resilience.