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"Di Asia, di mana budaya patriarki masih kuat, peran utama perempuan adalah sebagai istri sekaligus ibu dalam hubungan pernikahan heteroseksual. Mereka yang tidak melaksanakannya mendapat stigma dan didiskriminasi. Salah satunya ialah perempuan dari kelompok minoritas seksual, yakni lesbian dan biseksual. Emosi marah, sedih, dan kecewa sering muncul sebagai respon dari perlakuan buruk yang diterima oleh perempuan dari kelompok minoritas seksual. Ada yang marah pada diri sendiri, ada pula yang menyalahkan orang yang tidak paham mengenai orientasi seksual, serta situasi yang tidak ideal. Perempuan dari kelompok minoritas seksual menjadi rentan depresi, gangguan cemas, serta kecenderungan bunuh diri. Seluruhnya merupakan indikator psychological well-being (PWB) yang rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencari tahu hubungan antara forgiveness dengan PWB pada perempuan dari kelompok minoritas seksual di Indonesia. Sebanyak 94 perempuan lesbian dan biseksual diminta mengisi kuesioner Heartland Forgiveness Scale (HFS) yang terdiri dari Forgiveness of Self, Forgiveness of Others, dan Forgiveness of Situation; serta Ryff’s Psychological Well-Being Scale (RPWB) yang terdiri dari dimensi Autonomy, Environmental Mastery, Positive Relations with Others, Personal Growth, Purpose in Life, dan Self Acceptance. Terdapat korelasi signifikan antara forgiveness dan PWB pada perempuan dari kelompok minoritas seksual. Hubungan di tingkat subskala lebih kompleks, di mana terdapat subskala yang berkorelasi dan tidak berkorelasi.

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In Asia, where patriarchy is still a problem, a woman’s main role is to be a devoted wife and mother, usually within a heterosexual marriage. Those who do not follow the common ways are stigmatized and discriminated. One of them are females from sexual minority group, namely lesbians and bisexuals. Anger, sadness, and disappointment often become the natural responses of those discrimination. Some females from sexual minority group blame themselves for all the difficulties that came with their sexual orientation. Others blame people who do not understand about human sexuality. The rest blame the horrible situation which put them in an uncomfortable position. Females from sexual minority group are more prone to depression, anxiety, and suicidal tendencies, which are all the indicators of low psychological well-being (PWB). This research was conducted to find out the relationship between forgiveness and PWB in females from sexual minority groups in Indonesia. As much as 94 female participants from sexual minority groups have filled out the Heartland Forgiveness Scale (HFS), consisting of several subscales: Forgiveness of Self, Forgiveness of Others, and Forgiveness of Situation; as well as Ryff’s Psychological Well-Being Scale (RPWB) consisting of six distinct dimensions, namely Autonomy, Environmental Mastery, Positive Relations with Others, Personal Growth, Purpose in Life, and Self-Acceptance. Results showed that there’s a significant correlation between forgiveness and PWB on females from sexual minority groups in Indonesia. In the subscale level, however, not all measures were related to one another."

"Sebagai pihak ketiga, bystander pelecehan seksual berperan besar untuk meredakan situasi berisiko serta memberikan pertolongan pertama pada korban pasca kejadian. Kendati demikian, penelitian yang mengkaji proses pengambilan keputusan dan hasil intervensi bystander pelecehan seksual masih langka. Penelitian kualitatif ini menggali penghayatan bystander yang menyaksikan pelecehan seksual, lalu secara sukarela mengunggah pengalaman mereka ke forum online Quora dan Reddit. Peneliti memasukkan sejumlah kata kunci terkait pengalaman menjadi bystander pelecehan seksual di mesin pencari situs Quora dan Reddit. Dari temuan 14 unggahan / pertanyaan pemicu yang relevan, terdapat 589 jawaban pengguna yang diseleksi melalui sejumlah kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Pada akhirnya diperoleh unggahan dari 87 orang bystander yang menceritakan 99 kasus pelecehan seksual. Melalui analisis tekstual terhadap unggahan, digali dua masalah penelitian, yakni (1) proses pembuatan keputusan bystander pada kasus-kasus pelecehan seksual serta (2) dampak intervensi bystander, mencakup penghayatan personal atas tindakan pribadi dan respons yang diterima. Terkait proses pembuatan keputusan, ditemukan adanya hambatan dalam menyadari kejadian, menginterpretasi kejadian sebagai pelecehan seksual, serta menentukan strategi intervensi praktis yang aman. Sebanyak 56,6% bystander mengintervensi, sementara sisanya tidak. Mayoritas intervensi bersifat langsung dan berfokus pada pelaku, dengan bystander berperan sebagai defender. Terkait dampak dari keputusan bystander, penghayatan positif mengenai hasil intervensi memperkuat intensi bystander untuk kembali mengintervensi dengan cara yang sama bila menemukan kejadian serupa, sementara penyesalan terhadap keputusan untuk tidak bertindak memunculkan intensi untuk mengintervensi di masa depan.

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As third parties, sexual harassment bystanders play a crucial role in deescalating risky situations and aiding survivors, yet there is limited research on their decision-making and intervention outcomes. This qualitative research delved into bystanders’ personal narratives on sexual harassment incidents, which they voluntarily uploaded to online forums such as Quora and Reddit. By entering several keywords related to sexual harassment bystander experiences into Quora and Reddit’s search engines, 14 relevant posts or trigger questions were found. From these, 589 user responses were derived and selected based on several inclusion and exclusion criteria. Ultimately, posts from 87 bystanders were gathered, containing narratives on 99 sexual harassment incidents. Through textual analysis of these posts, two main research problems were formulated: (1) the decision-making process of bystanders in sexual harassment cases and (2) the outcomes of bystanders’ decisions, including their personal reflections on their choices and the responses of all stakeholders involved in the incidents. Critical findings on bystanders’ decision-making processes include barriers in noticing events, interpreting incidents as sexual harassment, and determining practical strategies to intervene safely. It was found that 56.6% of bystanders intervened, while the rest did not. Most interventions were direct actions focused on perpetrators, where bystanders acted as defenders. Regarding decisional outcomes, positive interpretations of intervention results strengthened bystanders’ intention to use the same strategy if they encountered more sexual harassment cases. Conversely, regret over inaction led to a resolve to act in the future."