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"Penelitian ini berfokus pada pemenuhan hak memilih anggota TNI dan Polri dalam pemilihan umum. Anggota TNI dan POLRI dilarang memilih dalam pemilihan umum, sementara UUD 45 menjamin hak untuk memilih dalam pemilihan umum bagi semua warga negara Indonesia (yang sudah berusia 18 tahun atau lebih) dan dalam prinsip hak asasi manusia, hak memilih merupakan hak setiap individu sebagai warga negara. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, timbul pertanyaan sebagai berikut: (a) Mengapa terjadi pelarangan hak untuk memilih dan dipilih bagi anggota TNI dan Polri? (b) Bagaimana persepsi masyarakat terhadap hak memilih anggota TNI dan Polri dalam pemilihan umum?, (c) Bagaimana persepsi anggota TNI dan Polri dalam menyikapi hak memilih mereka? (d) Bagaimana Hak memilih anggota TNI dan Polri dalam perspektif hak asasi manusia?, dan (e) Apa yang sepatutnya dilakukan oleh DPR dan pemerintah dalam pemenuhan hak memilih bagi anggota TNI dan Polri pada pemilihan umum?Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian dengan pendekatan historis dan deskriptif,, dilakukukan dengan penelitian pustaka dan penelitian lapangan. Informan berasal dari anggota TNI, Polri dan masyarakat sipil, sedangkan narasumber dipilih dari dari kalangan TNI dan Polri, peneliti, akademisi, anggota DPR, dan praktisi hak asasi manusia. Janis data yang digunakan terdiri dari data primer dan data sekunder. Dengan menggunakan purposive sampling dan wawancara terfokus.Dari hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa: a) Pembatasan hak memilih bagi anggota TNI dan Polri dalam pemilihan terjadi mulai pemilu ke-2, yaitu pemilu tahun 1971, pemilu 1977, pemilu 1982, pemilu 1987, pemilu 1992, pemilu 1997 dan pemilu 1999, sebagai konsekuensi atas diangkatnya perwakilan TNI dan Polri dalam legislatif; b) Persepsi masyarakat dan persepsi anggota TNI dan Polri terhadap hak memilih anggota TNI dan Pohi beragam, ada yang setuju dan ada yang tidak setuju dengan berbagai argumen; c) Dalam perspektif hak asasi manusia bahwa hak memilih anggota TNI dan Polri adalah hak asasi individu TNI dan Polri sebagai warga negara yang harus diberikan. Pembatasan hak memilih bagi anggota TNI dan Polri bertentangan dengan prinsip hak asasi manusia dan UUD 45. Hasil penelitian menyarankan bahwa: a) Perlu merevisi undang-undang yang membatasi hak memilih bagi anggota TNI dan Polri dan menyiapkan mekanismelperaturan pelaksananya; b) Perlu mempercepat proses reformasi TNI dan Polri; c) Perlu regulasi tegas untuk mencegah pemanfaatan hierarki komando yang mengarahkan orientasi politik anggota TNI.; dan d) perlu diberikan pendidikan politik, demokrasi, hukum dan hak asasi menusia yang balk kepada anggota TNI dan Polri. ......General elections as a tool for community to provide their political rights to vote and elected which conducted in a direct, general, free, and secret manner. As arranged in article 22E paragraph (1) of National Constitution 1945, article 43 paragraphs (1), (2) and (3) of Human Rights Law 1999, article 25 of International Covenant Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR). The right to vote and elected as a rights for Indonesia citizens without any discrimination, according to regulation in article 27 paragraph (1) and article 281 paragraph (2) of National Constitution 1945. Although, in Indonesia has law which limitate the right to vote for military and police officials as follows: article 145 of Law No. 12 Year 2003 on General Elections for House of Representative and Regional People's Representative Council, article 102 of Law No. 23 Year 2003 on Regional Government, article 28 paragraph 2 of Law No. 2 Year 2002 of Indonesia Police, article 39 paragraph 4 Law No. 34 Year 2004 on Indonesia Military. Based on that, hoisted questions as follows: (a) why it has restrictions on the right to vote for military and police officials? (b) how the community perceptions on the right to vote for military and police officials? (c) how the military and police officials perceptions in order to response their right to vote? (d) how the right to vote for military and police officials in human rights perspective? (e) what should House of Representative perform as legislative agency and government as executive agency in regulate of the right to vote for military and police officials in general elections?This research has using qualitative descriptive type which conducted by library and field research. The informants are from military officials, police officials and civil community, subsequently the resources elected from military, police, researchers, academicians, house of representative members, and human rights practitioners. The type of data which used is composed from secondary and primary data which obtained by using sampling purposive and focus interview.According to this research could be summarized that: a) Limitations of the right vote for military and police officials in general election started from second general elections in 1971, 1977, 1982, 1987, 1992, 1997 and 2004. That limitations as consequence on elected as House of Representative members from military and police officials; b) a variety of community perception on the right to vote for military and police officials, there are some agree and disagree with many reasons; c) diverse military and police view on the right to vote, there are some agree and disagree with many reasons; d) in human rights perspective that the right to vote for military and police officials as individual rights also a citizens that have to given. The limitations of the right to vote for military and police officials aligned with article 22E paragraph (2), article 27 paragraph (1), article 28 paragraph (1) and article 281 paragraph (1) of National Constitution 1945, article 43 paragraph (1), (2) and (3) of Human Rights Law No. 39 Year 1999, and article 25 of 1CCPR. Therefore, it needed efforts to response the right to vote for military and police officials are: a) the right to vote for military and police officials should arranged immediately in a policy which prepared by government; b) to process shortly of military and police reforms and to prepare clear and legal regulations; c) to put attention on welfare from military and police officials; d) should have stern regulations to prevent using of commando hierarchy which deliver to the political orientation for military and police officials; e) to give a good political, democracy, legal and human rights education for military and police officials."

"Penelitian ini tentang implementasi program Sales and Service Award sebagai upaya peningkatan motivasi pekerja frontline dan menjelaskan dampak pelaksanaan program Sales and Service Award di Bank X yang dibahas dari disiplin ilmu Kesejahteraan Sosial. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh kondisi karyawan frontline yang memiliki status outsourcing di Bank X dengan usia pensiun sampai 36 tahun, sedangkan untuk karyawan tetap atau back office di Bank X memiliki usia pensiun hingga 56 tahun. Adanya program Sales and Sevice Award di Bank X ini dapat menjadi salah satu cara untuk membantu karyawan frontline dalam meningkatkan kesejahteraan mereka, melalui pemberian kesempatan untuk mendapatkan reward berupa alih status pada program tersebut sehingga dapat memperpanjang usia pensiun dan mengembangkan karir mereka di Bank X. Pada penelitian ini peneliti melakukan proses pengumpulan data melalui wawancara yang dilakukan secara daring dan secara luring dengan total jumlah informan yakni 6 karyawan yang dipilih dengan teknik purposive sampling. Penelitian ini dilakukan dari bulan Oktober 2021 hingga Juni 2022. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini dapat diketahui bahwa program ini dimulai pada proses seleksi yang dapat diikuti oleh setiap karyawan frontline di masingmasing kantor Bank X. Karyawan frontline dipilih manajemen kantor masing-masing untuk mewakili kantor mereka dalam mengikuti tiga tahap seleksi program ini yang terdiri dari Seleksi tingkat Kantor Cabang, tingkat Kantor Wilayah, dan tingkat Nasional. Pada seleksi tingkat Kantor Cabang dan Kantor Wilayah, seleksi yang digunakan melalui kegiatan role play pemberian pelayanan dan presentasi product knowledge. Lalu untuk seleksi tingkat Nasional, karyawan frontline yang menjadi kandidat akan membuat campaign project berupa video promosi dan hal pelayanan apa saja yang dapat meningkatkan laba Bank X. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa program Sales and Service Award memiliki dampak terhadap motivasi karyawan frontline, karena berdasarkan temuan lapangan maka dapat diketahui dengan adanya program ini dapat memotivasi karyawan frontline seperti karyawan frontline ingin lebih mengembangkan karirnya setelah mendapatkan alih status, karyawan tersebut juga lebih konsisten dan rajin serta semangat dalam bekerja setelah mengikuti program ini. Adanya dampak lain program ini terhadap motivasi karyawan yakni bertambahnya wawasan karyawan, meningkatkan kinerja karyawan frontline dalam memberikan layanan, serta dengan adanya program ini dapat meciptakan role model pemberian layanan bagi karyawan frontline lainnya. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan menjadi kontribusi bagi program studi ilmu Kesejahteraan Sosial khususnya pada mata kuliah manajemen sumber daya manusia pada pokok bahasan employee motivation dan performance appraisal.......This research is about the implementation of the Sales and Service Award program as an effort to increase the motivation of frontline workers and explains the impact of the implementation of the Sales and Service Award program at Bank X which is discussed from the Social Welfare discipline. This research is motivated by the condition of frontline employees who have outsourcing status at Bank X with a retirement age of up to 36 years, while permanent employees or back office at Bank X have a retirement age of up to 56 years. The existence of the Sales and Service Award program at Bank X can be one way to help frontline employees improve their welfare, by providing opportunities to get rewards in the form of status transfers in the program so that they can extend their retirement age and develop their careers at Bank X. In this study, researchers carried out the process of collecting data through interviews conducted online and offline with a total number of informants, namely 6 employees who were selected by purposive sampling technique. This research was conducted from October 2021 to June 2022. Based on the results of this study, it can be seen that this program begins in a selection process that can be followed by every frontline employee at each Bank X office. Frontline employees are selected by their respective office management to represent the office. they take part in the three stages of selection of this program which consists of Selection at the Branch Office level, Regional Office level, and National level. In the selection at the Branch Office and Regional Office levels, the selection used was through role play activities, service delivery and product knowledge presentations. Then for the National level selection, frontline employees who become candidates will create a campaign project in the form of promotional videos and what services can increase Bank X's profits. The conclusion of this study shows that the Sales and Service Award program has an impact on the motivation of frontline employees, because based on field findings, it can be seen that this program can motivate frontline employees such as frontline employees who want to further develop their careers after getting a status transfer, these employees are also more consistent and diligent and enthusiastic in working after joining this program. Another impact of this program on employee motivation is increasing employee insight, improving frontline employee performance in providing services, and with this program can create role models for service delivery for other frontline employees. The results of this study are expected to be a contribution to the Social Welfare study program, especially in human resource management courses on the subject of employee motivation and performance appraisal."