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Abstrak :
this aim of this research is to develop an assessment method for hazardous substance value in automotive components for supporting green manufacturing. basically, the green manufacturing focuses od reducing environmental risks and impacts of industrial activities through elimination of resource waste, pollution and use of material containing hazardous substances. in this research, the method will be used to assess the the hazardous substance contained automotive components quantitatively. based on the values, the hazard level of components could be compared relatively. this research has retrieved hazardous substances were assessed based on the hazardous materials identification system (HMIS). furthermore, the more information would be processed using a weighting method to obtain a single value. this research has assessed several automotive components by using the method as care studies. the result of assessments are brake pad 6.6, brake pad with asbetos 7.6, brake shoes with asbetos 13.2, clutch disc 9.2, and clutch disc with asbetos 8.6.

Abstrak :
The onset of climate change has resulted in the development of strategies which try to mitigate the excessive generation of carbon dioxide (CO2). The trasnport sector for example, which contributes more than 10% of the global CO2 emmision, is promoting the use of biofuels in order to improve a nation's energy security and to reduce the sector's carbon footprint. Biofuels which are sourced from agricultural feedstocks will require more water resources than their fossil fuel counterparts and with climate change affecting rainfall patterns, it is expected that water resources will become more scarce. A fuzzy multi-objjective mathematical model for optimizing the biofuel supply chain in consideration of multiple regions is developed in this paper. The model seeks to identify how resources should be allocated in the presence of regional water constraints to satisfy the growing demand for biofuels. A case study on bioethanol produced from different indigenous feedstocks in three Asian countries is presented to demonstratee the capabilities of the model.