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"Protein profiling with high-throughput proteomic technology, SELDI-TOF, is a new potential tool for diagnosis of human diseases. This advanced technique has increasingly been used for the detection of disease biomarker. However, analytical reproducibility is a significant challenge in SELDI-TOF profiling in order to have confidence in the results. Here, we showed a simple step to improve its analytical performance. IMAC 30-Cu Protein Chip was used to incubate denaturated samples to increase the number of peak detection and decrease peak intensity coefficient of variation. Incubation of denaturated samples overnight at 4oC increased significantly reproducibility and quality of proteomic profile of SELDI-TOF MS for IMAC30-Cu ProteinChip. This strategy could be applied to address reproducibility issue in protemictechnology in protein profiling."

"Indonesian National Committee for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immune deficiency syndrome(AIDS) has reported the significant increase of HIV infected individual in Indonesia. A sensitive accurate diagnosticsare urgently needed to prevent the dissemination of HIV and also to provide a suitable therapy. For this reason, we havedeveloped HIV diagnostic method based on PCR to elucidate this problem. For this research, samples were collectedfrom hospitals and Indonesian Red Cross that consist of samples possesing HIV serological test positive andindeterminate. Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) were isolated from blood plasma. These RNA then were amplified afterReverse transcriptase reaction by using primers which have been designed using env (C2V3C3), Long TerminalRepeats (LTR) (U3) and Capsid gag (p24) as target regions. The obtained results shown 26/34 (76.5%) positive in LTR,10/33 (36.4%) positive in Env and 11/33 (33.3%) positive in p24. These results showed that LTR primers detect HIVmore than other primers. It suggests that LTR could be used as detection target as complement of env and p24 Theseresults need to be explored further by using sequencing method."

"Beberapa hasil uji serologi HIV indeterminate pada tes skrining darah ditemukan di Indonesia. Prosedur skrining darahyang dilakukan saat ini sesuai ketentuan yang ditetapkan oleh WHO untuk skrining darah, yaitu 3 tes uji serologi HIVselama pemeriksaan darah. Ketidaksesuaian hasil yang satu dengan yang lain didefinisikan sebagai hasil indeterminate.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi galur-galur HIV yang sulit teridentifikasi dari darah dengan uji serologiHIV intermediate dan mengevaluasi apakah galur HIV yang beredar di Indonesia mempunyai kemungkinan lolos darisistem pendeteksian yang ada. Deteksi RT-PCR dilakukan pada 40 sampel RNA HIV dari donor darah yangmempunyai hasil uji serologi indeterminate dengan sebelumnya melakukan uji konfirmasi dengan menggunakanwestern blot. Deteksi RT-PCR menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 24/32 (75%) sampel positif LTR, 4/31 (13%) positif poldan 3/5 (60%) positif env. Amplifikasi pada daerah p24, pita-pita yang ditemukan pada sampel selalu lebih rendah dariyang diharapkan. Sekuensing dilakukan untuk mengkonfirmasi hasil amplifikasi menunjukkan bahwa perlu analisislebih lanjut untuk mengetahui apakah perubahan ini yang menyebabkan hasil indeterminate.Indeterminate results ofserological HIV test have been found in Indonesia. The screening procedure is following the prescribed by WHO forscreening of blood donors which is based on 3 different serological HIV test during screening of blood donors.Discordant results are interpreted as indeterminate. This research aims to identify GIV strains that previously difficult todetermine, and to evaluate whether the HIV strains present in Indonesia could pass the existing screening system. RTPCRdetection test of HIV RNA were conducted for 40 blood donors samples with indeterminate serological HIV-testafter a confirmatory test using western blot. Preliminary results showed that 24/32 (75%) of the samples are positiveLTR, 4/31 (12%) positive pol and 1/3 (33%) positive env. Amplification in p24 region showed that bands found havelower size than expected. Sequencing performed to confirm these findings show that further analysis is needed todetermine whether this change is what behind the indeterminate results."