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Regintha Yasmeen Burju Bachtum
Intervensi edukasi laktasi pranatal untuk meningkatkan praktik inisiasi meyusu dini : Penelitian prognostik dalam eksperimental = Antenatal lactation education intervention to improve early breastfeeding initiation practice : Prognostic research in a clinical trial
"[ABSTRAK
Latar Belakang: Mempromosikan IMD pada satu jam pertama kelahiran bayi, merupakan strategi penting dalam mengurangi kecacatan dan kematian perinatal dan anak dibawah 2 tahun, juga terbukti mendukung keberhasilan pemberian ASI eksklusif. Proporsi ibu yang menjalankan IMD di Indonesia sebanyak 39% termasuk rendah. Rendahnya pelaksanaan IMD salah satunya disebabkan rendahnya pengetahuan ibu mengenai IMD. Dari berbagai penelitian dibuktikan metode intervensi edukasi laktasi pranatal adalah metode paling efektif dan lebih mampu laksana sehingga penelitian ini diharapkan dapat membuktikan dengan adanya intervensi edukasi laktasi pranatal dapat meningkatkan efektivitas praktik IMD. Serta dapat diketahui faktor-faktor prognostik yang dapat mempengaruhi efektivitas IMD. Tujuan: Diketahuinya efektivitas praktik IMD, hubungan antara pemberian edukasi laktasi pranatal dengan efektivitas IMD serta faktor-faktor ibu yang berhubungan dengan efektivitas IMD. Metode: Uji klinis dilanjutkan dengan desain prognostik selama periode Oktober 2014 hingga Maret 2015 di Poliklinik Kebidanan dan Kamar Bersalin, Departemen Obstetri dan Ginekologi RSCM Jakarta. Hasil: Dilakukan analisa pada 220 subyek, didapatkan 160 subjek (72.7%) mengalami IMD yang efektif. Pada kelompok intervensi 80% subyek mengalami efektivitas IMD. Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara kelas edukasi pranatal dengan efektivitas IMD, dengan nilai p 0.006 dan RR 1.25. Pada analisa bivariat faktor ibu berhubungan bermakna dengan efektivitas IMD adalah edukasi laktasi pranatal (p 0.006), cara bersalin (p 0.006), durasi persalinan (p 0.000) dan status gizi normal (p 0.020). Pada analisa multivariat didapatkan faktor ibu berhubungan bermakna dengan efektivitas IMD adalah edukasi laktasi pranatal, durasi persalinan, umur 25-34 tahun dan ≥ 35 tahun, status gizi overweight dan normal. Persamaan yang dihasilkan: y = -3.477 + 0.976*edukasi laktasi pranatal + 0.958*umur 25-34 tahun + 1.859*umur ≥ 35 tahun + 1.621*durasi persalinan + 1.584*status nutrisi overweight + 2.405*status nutrisi normal. Dengan hasil uji kualitas regresi memiliki kalibrasi baik (p 0.87), dengan diskriminasi sedang (AUC 0.75). Kesimpulan: Adanya intervensi edukasi laktasi pranatal dapat meningkatkan efektivitas praktik IMD.ABSTRACT Background: Promoting Early Breastfeeding Initiation (EBI) within the first hour birth is an important strategy in reducing morbidity and mortality of neonatal and children under 2 years, also proved to support the success of exclusive breastfeeding. The proportion of women who practice EBI in Indonesia as much as 39%, remaining low. The low implementation of EBI is due to lack of knowledge of mothers about EBI. From various studies demonstrated Antenatal Lactation Education Intervention methods is the most effective methods. This research is expected to prove Antenatal Lactation Education Intervention can improve effectiveness of EBI practice. And can be known prognostic factors that can affect the effectiveness of EBI practice. Objective: To obtain EBI effectiveness, Antenatal Lactation Education Intervention and EBI effectiveness association, as well maternal factors and EBI effectiveness association. Method: This was a clinical trial continued with prognostic design conducted at Obstetric Clinic and Delivery Room, RSCM, Jakarta during a period of October 2014 until March 2015. Result: Analysis conducted on 220 subjects, showed 160 subjects (72.7%) experienced EBI effectiveness. In the intervention group 80% of the subjects experienced the effectiveness of EBI. There is a significant association between antenatal lactation education intervention and the effectiveness of EBI with the p value 0.006 and RR 1.25. The bivariate analysis showed maternal factors that significantly associated with EBI effectiveness were the Antenatal Lactation Education Intervention (p 0.006), delivery mode (p 0.006), duration of labor (p 0.000) and normal nutritional status (p 0.020). In the multivariate analysis found maternal factors that significantly associated with EBI effectiveness were antenatal lactation education intervention, duration of labor, age 25-34 years and ≥ 35 years old, overweight and normal nutritional status. The equation result: y = -3477 + 0976 * antenatal lactation education intervention + 0958 * aged 25-34 years + 1859 * ≥ 35 years of age + 1,621 * 1,584 * + delivery duration nutritional status overweight + 2405 * normal nutritional status. With the regression quality test results was a good calibration (p 0.87),with a medium level of discrimination (AUC 0.75). Conclusion: Antenatal lactation education intervention can improve the effectiveness of EBI practice.;Background: Promoting Early Breastfeeding Initiation (EBI) within the first hour birth is an important strategy in reducing morbidity and mortality of neonatal and children under 2 years, also proved to support the success of exclusive breastfeeding. The proportion of women who practice EBI in Indonesia as much as 39%, remaining low. The low implementation of EBI is due to lack of knowledge of mothers about EBI. From various studies demonstrated Antenatal Lactation Education Intervention methods is the most effective methods. This research is expected to prove Antenatal Lactation Education Intervention can improve effectiveness of EBI practice. And can be known prognostic factors that can affect the effectiveness of EBI practice. Objective: To obtain EBI effectiveness, Antenatal Lactation Education Intervention and EBI effectiveness association, as well maternal factors and EBI effectiveness association. Method: This was a clinical trial continued with prognostic design conducted at Obstetric Clinic and Delivery Room, RSCM, Jakarta during a period of October 2014 until March 2015. Result: Analysis conducted on 220 subjects, showed 160 subjects (72.7%) experienced EBI effectiveness. In the intervention group 80% of the subjects experienced the effectiveness of EBI. There is a significant association between antenatal lactation education intervention and the effectiveness of EBI with the p value 0.006 and RR 1.25. The bivariate analysis showed maternal factors that significantly associated with EBI effectiveness were the Antenatal Lactation Education Intervention (p 0.006), delivery mode (p 0.006), duration of labor (p 0.000) and normal nutritional status (p 0.020). In the multivariate analysis found maternal factors that significantly associated with EBI effectiveness were antenatal lactation education intervention, duration of labor, age 25-34 years and ≥ 35 years old, overweight and normal nutritional status. The equation result: y = -3477 + 0976 * antenatal lactation education intervention + 0958 * aged 25-34 years + 1859 * ≥ 35 years of age + 1,621 * 1,584 * + delivery duration nutritional status overweight + 2405 * normal nutritional status. With the regression quality test results was a good calibration (p 0.87),with a medium level of discrimination (AUC 0.75). Conclusion: Antenatal lactation education intervention can improve the effectiveness of EBI practice., Background: Promoting Early Breastfeeding Initiation (EBI) within the first hour birth is an important strategy in reducing morbidity and mortality of neonatal and children under 2 years, also proved to support the success of exclusive breastfeeding. The proportion of women who practice EBI in Indonesia as much as 39%, remaining low. The low implementation of EBI is due to lack of knowledge of mothers about EBI. From various studies demonstrated Antenatal Lactation Education Intervention methods is the most effective methods. This research is expected to prove Antenatal Lactation Education Intervention can improve effectiveness of EBI practice. And can be known prognostic factors that can affect the effectiveness of EBI practice. Objective: To obtain EBI effectiveness, Antenatal Lactation Education Intervention and EBI effectiveness association, as well maternal factors and EBI effectiveness association. Method: This was a clinical trial continued with prognostic design conducted at Obstetric Clinic and Delivery Room, RSCM, Jakarta during a period of October 2014 until March 2015. Result: Analysis conducted on 220 subjects, showed 160 subjects (72.7%) experienced EBI effectiveness. In the intervention group 80% of the subjects experienced the effectiveness of EBI. There is a significant association between antenatal lactation education intervention and the effectiveness of EBI with the p value 0.006 and RR 1.25. The bivariate analysis showed maternal factors that significantly associated with EBI effectiveness were the Antenatal Lactation Education Intervention (p 0.006), delivery mode (p 0.006), duration of labor (p 0.000) and normal nutritional status (p 0.020). In the multivariate analysis found maternal factors that significantly associated with EBI effectiveness were antenatal lactation education intervention, duration of labor, age 25-34 years and ≥ 35 years old, overweight and normal nutritional status. The equation result: y = -3477 + 0976 * antenatal lactation education intervention + 0958 * aged 25-34 years + 1859 * ≥ 35 years of age + 1,621 * 1,584 * + delivery duration nutritional status overweight + 2405 * normal nutritional status. With the regression quality test results was a good calibration (p 0.87),with a medium level of discrimination (AUC 0.75). Conclusion: Antenatal lactation education intervention can improve the effectiveness of EBI practice.]"
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, 2015
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UI - Tugas Akhir  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Siti Azizah, examiner
Gambaran keluhan subjektif selama kehamilan di Jakarta dan faktor-faktor yang berhubungan = Distribution of subjective symptoms during pregnancy in Jakarta and factors correlated
"[ABSTRAK
Tujuan: Mengetahui gambaran keluhan subjektif selama kehamilan pada populasi di Indonesia, khususnya Jakarta.
Metode: Wanita hamil yang datang ke poliklinik obstetri RSUPN Cipto Mangunkusumo dan RS Fatmawati (n=956), diberikan kuesioner yang berisi pertanyaan mengenai karakteristik dan keluhan subjektif. Sebaran keluhan subjektif selama kehamilan dideskripsikan berdasarkan umur, paritas, pendidikan, sosial ekonomi, keinginan hamil dan riwayat infertilitas.
Hasil: Mual adalah keluhan terbanyak selama trimester pertama (57,5%) dan trimester dua (33,5%), sementara kontraksi (69,3%), nyeri punggung (68,7%) terutama terjadi pada trimester tiga. Terdapat hubungan bermakna antara umur dengan keluhan mual, muntah dan keputihan.Terdapat hubungan bermakna antara paritas dengan keluhan mual, muntah, konstipasi, keputihan dan kontraksi.Terdapat hubungan bermakna antara tingkat pendidikan dengan keluhan mual, muntah, heartburn, hemoroid, keputihan, nyeri punggung dan disfungsi simfisis pubis.Terdapat hubungan bermakna antara tingkat sosial ekonomi dengan keluhan mual, konstipasi, nyeri punggung, disfungsi simfisis pubis dan kontraksi.Terdapat hubungan bermakna antara keinginan hamil dengan keluhan nyeri punggung dan edema tungkai.Terdapat hubungan bermakna antara riwayat infertilitas dengan keluhan nyeri punggung, disfungsi simfisis pubis dan kontraksi.
Kesimpulan: Keluhan utama pada trimester pertama dan dua adalah mual, sementara pada trimester 3 adalah kontraksi. Faktor-faktor seperti umur, paritas, pendidikan, sosial ekonomi, keinginan hamil dan riwayat infertilitas, mempengaruhi sebaran keluhan subjektif selama kehamilan.ABSTRACT Objective: To obtain a description of subjective complaints during pregnancy in the population in Indonesia, especially Jakarta.
Methods: Pregnant women who visited obstetric clinic of Cipto Mangunkusumo and Fatmawati Hospital (n = 956), answered questionnaire containing questions about the characteristics and subjective symptoms. Distribution of subjective symptoms during pregnancy was described based on age, parity, education, socioeconomic status, pregnant desire and history of infertility.
Results: Nausea was the main symptom during first trimester (57,5%) and second trimester (33,5%) of pregnancy, while contraction (69,3%) and backpain (68,7%) were main symptoms during third trimester. There were significant relationships between maternal age and symptoms of nausea, vomiting and vaginal discharge. There were significant relationship between parity and complaints of nausea, vomiting, constipation, vaginal discharge and contraction. There were significant relationship between educational level and complaints of nausea, vomiting, heartburn, hemorrhoid, vaginal discharge, back pain and symphysis pubis dysfunction. There were significant relationship between socioeconomic level with complaints of nausea, constipation, back pain, symphysis pubis dysfunction and contraction. There were significant relationship between pregnant desire and complaints of back pain and extremities edema. There were significant relationship between history of infertility and complaints of back pain, symphysis pubis dysfunction and contraction.
Conclusions: The main symptoms during the first and second trimester was nausea, while the one during the third trimester was contraction. Factors such as age, parity, educational level, socioeconomic status, pregnant desire and history of infertility, affected the distribution of subjective symptoms during pregnancy., Objective: To obtain a description of subjective complaints during pregnancy in the population in Indonesia, especially Jakarta.
Methods: Pregnant women who visited obstetric clinic of Cipto Mangunkusumo and Fatmawati Hospital (n = 956), answered questionnaire containing questions about the characteristics and subjective symptoms. Distribution of subjective symptoms during pregnancy was described based on age, parity, education, socioeconomic status, pregnant desire and history of infertility.
Results: Nausea was the main symptom during first trimester (57,5%) and second trimester (33,5%) of pregnancy, while contraction (69,3%) and backpain (68,7%) were main symptoms during third trimester. There were significant relationships between maternal age and symptoms of nausea, vomiting and vaginal discharge. There were significant relationship between parity and complaints of nausea, vomiting, constipation, vaginal discharge and contraction. There were significant relationship between educational level and complaints of nausea, vomiting, heartburn, hemorrhoid, vaginal discharge, back pain and symphysis pubis dysfunction. There were significant relationship between socioeconomic level with complaints of nausea, constipation, back pain, symphysis pubis dysfunction and contraction. There were significant relationship between pregnant desire and complaints of back pain and extremities edema. There were significant relationship between history of infertility and complaints of back pain, symphysis pubis dysfunction and contraction.
Conclusions: The main symptoms during the first and second trimester was nausea, while the one during the third trimester was contraction. Factors such as age, parity, educational level, socioeconomic status, pregnant desire and history of infertility, affected the distribution of subjective symptoms during pregnancy.]"
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, 2015
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UI - Tugas Akhir  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Indra
Hubungan hormon anti-mullerian serum dan resistensi insulin terhadap fenotip sindrom polikistik ovarium = The relationship between polycystic ovary syndrome phenotype and insulin resistance with serum anti-mullerian hormone amh level
"ABSTRAK
Latar Belakang: Sindroma ovarium polikistik (SOPK) merupakan kelainan
kompleks endokrin terbanyak pada usia reproduksi. Ketidakseimbangan hormon
merupakan salah satu temuan SOPK yang terkait dengan patofisiologinya.
Adanya perbedaan kejadian resistensi insulin mungkin terkait dengan perbedaan
karakteristik hormon pada pasien SOPK pada berbagai fenotipe, salah satunya
Hormon Anti-Mullerian (HAM).
Metode: Desain penelitian potong lintang (cross sectional), pengambilan subjek
dimulai dari identifikasi kelompok dengan SOPK menggunakan titik potong
HAM >4,45 ng/dl, lalu akan dikelompokkan menjadi empat kelompok sesuai
dengan fenotipnya berdasarkan kriteria Rotterdam 2003, di klinik Yasmin dan
Makmal Endokrinologi di bagian Obstetri dan Ginekologi RSUPN Dr.Cipto
Mangunkusumo selama tahun 2011 ?2014. Resistensi insulin dinilai
menggunakan homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA IR).
Hasil: Didapatkan 125 subjek SOPK dengan kadar HAM cenderung lebih tinggi
pada fenotipe 1 dan lebih rendah pada fenotipe 4 (p<0,05). Selain itu, ditemukan
perbedaan kadar LH dan rasio LH/FSH pada keempat fenotipe (p<0,05). Nilai
HOMA IR juga lebih tinggi pada fenotipe 1 (p<0,05). Berdasarkan analisis regresi
linear, didapatkan indeks massa tubuh dan HAM berkorelasi positif dengan nilai
HOMA IR (r=0,19 p=0,015 dan r=0,53 p<0,001, berturut-turut).
Kesimpulan: Terdapat korelasi positif kadar HAM terhadap nilai HOMA IR.
Pada keempat fenotipe SOPK didapatkan kadar HAM dan HOMA IR lebih tinggi
pada fenotipe 1 dan semakin rendah pada fenotipe 4. ABSTRACT Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine disorder that is
the most complex in the reproductive age. Hormonal imbalance remains a part of
its pathophysiology. Insulin resistance might be linked with difference in
hormonal parameter across four phenotypes of PCOS, especillay in AMH level.
Method: The study design was cross-sectional (cross-sectional). Subject retrieval
starts from the identification of the group with PCOS (with cutt-off AMH serum
>4.45 ng/dl), and will be grouped into four groups according to their phenotype
based on the criteria of Rotterdam in 2003, in the clinic Yasmin and
Endocrinology Laboratory at the Obstetrics and Gynecology RSUPN Dr.Cipto
Mangunkusomo during 2011 -2014. Insulin resistance was counted using
homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA IR).
Result: A total of 125 PCOS patients were recruited with AMH serum
significantly higher among phenotype 1 and lower among phenotype 4 (p<0.05).
Besides, Lh serum and LH/FSH ratio were also different across four phenotypes
(p<0.05). The value of HOMA IR tend to be higher among phenotype 1 (p<0.05).
Using multivariable linear regression analysis, body mass index and AMH serum
were positively correlated with HOMA IR (r=0.19 p=0.015 and r=0.53 p<0.001,
respectively).
Conclusion: There was a positive correlation between AMH serum and HOMA
IR value. The four PCOS phenotypes had significantly different value of HAM
serum and HOMA IR with phenotype 1 possed higher value among the others.
;Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine disorder that is
the most complex in the reproductive age. Hormonal imbalance remains a part of
its pathophysiology. Insulin resistance might be linked with difference in
hormonal parameter across four phenotypes of PCOS, especillay in AMH level.
Method: The study design was cross-sectional (cross-sectional). Subject retrieval
starts from the identification of the group with PCOS (with cutt-off AMH serum
>4.45 ng/dl), and will be grouped into four groups according to their phenotype
based on the criteria of Rotterdam in 2003, in the clinic Yasmin and
Endocrinology Laboratory at the Obstetrics and Gynecology RSUPN Dr.Cipto
Mangunkusomo during 2011 -2014. Insulin resistance was counted using
homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA IR).
Result: A total of 125 PCOS patients were recruited with AMH serum
significantly higher among phenotype 1 and lower among phenotype 4 (p<0.05).
Besides, Lh serum and LH/FSH ratio were also different across four phenotypes
(p<0.05). The value of HOMA IR tend to be higher among phenotype 1 (p<0.05).
Using multivariable linear regression analysis, body mass index and AMH serum
were positively correlated with HOMA IR (r=0.19 p=0.015 and r=0.53 p<0.001,
respectively).
Conclusion: There was a positive correlation between AMH serum and HOMA
IR value. The four PCOS phenotypes had significantly different value of HAM
serum and HOMA IR with phenotype 1 possed higher value among the others.
;Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine disorder that is
the most complex in the reproductive age. Hormonal imbalance remains a part of
its pathophysiology. Insulin resistance might be linked with difference in
hormonal parameter across four phenotypes of PCOS, especillay in AMH level.
Method: The study design was cross-sectional (cross-sectional). Subject retrieval
starts from the identification of the group with PCOS (with cutt-off AMH serum
>4.45 ng/dl), and will be grouped into four groups according to their phenotype
based on the criteria of Rotterdam in 2003, in the clinic Yasmin and
Endocrinology Laboratory at the Obstetrics and Gynecology RSUPN Dr.Cipto
Mangunkusomo during 2011 -2014. Insulin resistance was counted using
homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA IR).
Result: A total of 125 PCOS patients were recruited with AMH serum
significantly higher among phenotype 1 and lower among phenotype 4 (p<0.05).
Besides, Lh serum and LH/FSH ratio were also different across four phenotypes
(p<0.05). The value of HOMA IR tend to be higher among phenotype 1 (p<0.05).
Using multivariable linear regression analysis, body mass index and AMH serum
were positively correlated with HOMA IR (r=0.19 p=0.015 and r=0.53 p<0.001,
respectively).
Conclusion: There was a positive correlation between AMH serum and HOMA
IR value. The four PCOS phenotypes had significantly different value of HAM
serum and HOMA IR with phenotype 1 possed higher value among the others.
"
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, 2015
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UI - Tugas Akhir  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Veinardi Madjid
Analisa ketebalan endometrium morfologi endometrium dan jumlah folikel dominan pada wanita mendapat agen induksi ovulasi atau stimulasi ovarium dengan klomifen sitrat atau letrozole = Analysis of endometrial thickness endometrial morphology and dominant follicle count between clomiphene citrate and letrozole as an ovulation induction or ovarian stimulation
"Latar Belakang: Penggunaan klomifen sitrat sebagai obat induksi kehamilan masih memiliki angka keberhasilan kehamilan yang rendah. Letrozol merupakan agen penghambat aromatase yang dianggap memiliki efektivitas lebih baik dibanding klomifen sitrat, namun efektivitasnya masih dilaporkan bervariasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan pemberian klomifen sitrat dan letrozol terhadap ketebalan endometrium, morfologi endometrium dan jumlah folikel dominan pada perempuan yang dilakukan induksi ovulasi atau stimulasi ovarium.
Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian retrospektif dengan menggunakan medis pasien yang dilakukan induksi ovulasi atau stimulasi ovarium pada Januari 2011 - Mei 2015. Didapatkan 143 wanita siklus anovulasi yang terbagi dalam empat kelompok: klomifen sitrat 50 mg, klomifen sitrat 100 mg, letrozol 2,5 mg dan letrozol 5 mg. Agen pemicu ovulasi pada subjek dimulai pada hari ke-2 selama berlangsung selama lima hari. Data ketebalan endometrium, morfologi endometrium dan jumlah folikel dominan didapat pada status dari data pemeriksaan ultrosonografi transvaginal di hari ke-12 siklus haid.
Hasil: Dari semua subjek, didapatkan 45 subjek (31,5%) mendapat klomifen sitrat 50 mg, 29 subjek (20,3%) dengan klomifen sitrat 100 mg, 23 subjek (16,1%) dengan letrozol 2,5 mg, dan 46 subjek (32,2%) dengan letrozol 5 mg. Subjek dengan letrozol memiliki endometrium yang lebih tebal dibandingkan dengan klomifen sitrat (p<0,05). Didapatkan pulan subjek dengan letrozol memiliki lebih banyak proporsi subjek dengan morfologi endometrium trilaminer. Tidak dijumpai perbedaan ketebalan endometrium pada subjek dengan perbedaan dosis pada masing-masing obat. Selain itu, tidak ditemukan perbedaan jumlah folikel dominan pada keempat kelompok.
Kesimpulan: Penggunaan letrozol menghasilkan endometrium yang lebih tebal dan endometrium trilaminer dibandingkan klomifen sitrat. Tidak dijumpai perbedaan jumlah folikel dominan pada kedua kelompok.
Background: The use of clomiphene citrate as an induction agent still has dissappointing results regarding its pregnancy rate. Letrozole is an aromatase inhibitor that is perceived to has better efficacy compared to clomiphene citrate, however, the reporting results were still varied. This study aimed to know the efficacy of clomiphene citrate and letrozol for ovulation induction in anovulation women.
Method: This was a retrospective study using medical recors of women undergone ovulation induction from January 2011-May 2015. A number of 143 anovulation women were divided into clomiphene citrate 50 mg, clomiphene citrate 100 mg, letrozol 2,5 mg and letrozol 5mg. Every group of ovulation induction agent recieved the agent daily on 3rd until 7th day menstrual cycle. On 12th menstrual cycle the transvaginal ultrasound was performed to measure endometrial thickness and dominant follicle number.
Results: From all subjects, 45 subjects (31,5%) were in 50 mg clomiphene citrate groups, 29 subjects (20,3%) in 100 mg clomiphene citrate group, 23 subjects (16,1%) in 2,5 mg letrozole group, and 46 subjects (32,2%) in 5 mg letrozole group. Subjects receiving letrozol had thicker endometrium compared to clomiphene citrate (p<0,05). Different doses did not associated with different endometrial thickness between subjects receiving either letrozole or clomiphene citrate. In addition, subjects receiving letrozole had higher proportion of having trilaminar endometrium morphology. We did not observe a difference in total number of dominant follicle between groups.
Conclusion: The usage of letrozol resulted in thicker endometrium and proportion of subjects with trilaminar endometrium. Yet, there is no difference in number of dominant follicle between groups. "
Jakarta: Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, 2015
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UI - Tugas Akhir  Universitas Indonesia Library