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Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Daur ulang aluminium memiliki kuntungan dari segi lingkungan dan ekonomi karena dapat menghemat energi sampai 95 % dalam memproduksi aluminium sekunder. Walaupun terlihat menjanjikan, namun melebur aluminium sangat sulit karena keberadaan lapisan oksida. Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk mengembangkan proses peleburan granulat aluminium dari municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) di skala laboratorium. Penelitian ini juga menginvestigasi efisiensi dan komposisi kimia dari hasil peleburan. Karakterisasi granulat dilakukan pada mikroskop optik. Ada tiga metode yang dikembangkan untuk proses peleburan menggunakan NaCl-KCl dengan 2 % CaF2 sebagai salt flux dan juga anhydrous borax sebagai perbandingan hasil. Granulat aluminium digunakan di eksperimen ini berdasarkan beratnya yang dinamakan skala kecil, medium dan besar yang mana masing-masing memiliki berat 150, 500 gram dan 2 kg granulat. Terjadi masalah pada dapur peleburan untuk skala besar sehingga skala ini tidak dilakukan. Untuk menginvestigasi komposisi kimia, sedikit lelehan aluminium diambil untuk diuji dengan spark optical emission spectrometry. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan hanya dua metode yang menghasilkan aluminium sekunder yang baik. Metode tersebut menunjukkan bahwa viskositas molten salt harus rendah untuk menghasilkan aluminium sekunder dengan efisiensi yang tinggi. Komposisi kimia menunjukkan bahwa aluminium sekunder ini memiliki inklusi Si, Fe, Cu, Mn dan Zn. Kadar Cu meningkat seiring dengan bertambahnya waktu pengadukan dan juga mengakibatkan kadar Fe menurun akibat peningkatan kelarutan Cu pada lelehan aluminium.

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ABSTRACT
Aluminium recycling has environmental and economical benefits because it can save until 95 % energy in producing secondary aluminium. Although it seems promising but remelting aluminium is very tricky due to its oxide layer. This research are intended to develop melting process of aluminium granulate come from municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) in a laboratory scale. Moreover, this research also investigate the melt’s efficiency and chemical composition from casting result. Granulate characterization was done using optical microscopy. There are three methods used in order to develop the best melting process. NaCl-KCl with 2 % CaF2 was mostly used as salt flux, along with some anhydrous borax for result’s comparison. Aluminium granulate used in the experiments were based on its weight named small, medium and large scale contain 150, 500 grams and 2 kg granulates, respectively. Due to problems with the experimental set up, only small and medium furnace are presented in this research. To investigate the chemical compositions, small amount of melts were taken to be measured with spark optical emission spectrometry. The result show only two methods resulting good aluminium cast block. Those methods involve molten salt which shows that higher temperature used in the melting process make salt’s viscosity lower and therefore resulting higher melt’s efficiency. Chemical composition of cast aluminium shows some inclusions Si, Fe, Cu, Mn, and Zn in cast block. Copper content gets higher throughout the increasing of stirring time due to increasing copper solubility.

Abstrak :
Energy and sustainability are critical factors for economic development, and this comprehensive reference provides a detailed overview and fundamental analysis of sustainability issues associated with the aluminum industry. This publication brings together articles on the concepts and application of life-cycle assessments that benchmark aluminum-industry efforts towards sustainable development. Chapters provide energy-use data for primary and secondary aluminum production and processing along with future energy saving opportunities in aluminum processing. Life-cycle assessments provide basic, factual, information on the modeling of material flow in the industry, its products, and most importantly energy savings involved with recycling. Coverage includes various scrap sorting technologies and the positive impact of lightweight aluminum in transportation and infrastructure.