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"Written for animal researchers, this book provides a comprehensive guide to the design and statistical analysis of animal experiments. It has long been recognised that the proper implementation of these techniques helps reduce the number of animals needed. By using real-life examples to make them more accessible, this book explains the statistical tools employed by practitioners. A wide range of design types are considered, including block, factorial, nested, cross-over, dose-escalation and repeated measures and techniques are introduced to analyse the experimental data generated. Each analysis technique is described in non-mathematical terms, helping readers without a statistical background to understand key techniques such as t-tests, ANOVA, repeated measures, analysis of covariance, multiple comparison tests, non-parametric and survival analysis. This is also the first text to describe technical aspects of InVivoStat, a powerful open-source software package developed by the authors to enable animal researchers to analyse their data and obtain informative results""

""Copper accumulation and development of nephrocyte in the gill of the shrimp Penaeus japonicus.The effect of sublethal concentrations of copper on the gills copper accumulation and the development of nephrocytes has been studied in juvenile Penaeus japonicus. The copper concentration increased in the gills according to the external copper concentration and the exposure time. The high development of nephrocytes was occurred in the gills of shrimps exposed to 100 ug Cu L-1. In the gills of shrimps exposed to 500 and 1000 ug Cu L-1. The size of nephrocyte was bigger than that of the controls.""