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"ABSTRAKLatar belakang dan tujuan: Pekerja informal umumnya bekerja tanpa mempertimbangkan sisi ergonomi yang dapat menimbulkan masalah kesehatan kerja berupa gangguan tulang dan otot/musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) seperti Nyeri Punggung Bawah (NPB). Gerakan Fleksi William adalah salah satu jenis gerakan latihan fisik untuk mencegah NPB. Penelitian ini bertujuan menilai efektifitas gerakan Fleksi William dalam menurunkan prevalensi NPB dan skor pada nyeri Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) dengan 200 orang responden (100 orang kelompok eksperimen; 100 orang kelompok kontrol). Intervensi berupa latihan gerakan Fleksi William yang dilakukan selama dua minggu pada Januari 2017 dengan pembanding/kontrol tanpa latihan. Penilaian atas prevalensi NPB (melalui proses diagnosis klinis yaitu anamnesis dan pemeriksaan fisik) dan keluhan nyeri dengan pengukuran skor nyeri VAS di tempat kerja sebelum dan setelah intervensi pada pekerja informal bengkel sepatu di Ciomas Kabupaten Bogor. Hasil: Terdapat penurunan bermakna prevalensi NPB pada kelompok yang diberikan intervensi gerakan Fleksi William dibandingkan dengan yang tidak (76% menjadi 16% versus 68% menjadi 28%; p = 0,041). Terdapat penurunan bermakna pada rerata skor nyeri setelah intervensi dengan skala VAS pada kelompok eksperimen yang diberikan intervensi gerakan Fleksi William selama dua minggu bila dibandingkan dengan yang tidak (skor VAS 4 menjadi 2 versus 3 menjadi 2; p = 0,028). Didapatkan Number Needed to Treat (NNT) = 8 yaitu gerakan Fleksi William dapat menambah penurunan prevalensi NPB satu orang pada pekerja informal bengkel sepatu dengan delapan orang yang mengikuti gerakan tersebut.Kesimpulan: Gerakan Fleksi William efektif menurunkan NPB pada pekerja informal bengkel sepatu

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ABSTRACTBackground and objectives: Informal workers generally work without considering the ergonomic side that can lead to occupational health problems such as bone and muscle disorders/musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) such as Lower Back Pain (NPB). William's Flexion movement is one type of physical exercise to prevent LBP. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of William's Flexion movement reducing the prevalence of NPB and Visual Analog Scale pain score (VAS) in the group given the intervention. Method: This study used Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) design with 200 respondents (100 experimental group, 100 control group). The intervention was a two-week exercise of the William's Flexion movement in January 2017 with a comparison/control without the training. Assessment of the prevalence of LBP (through the diagnostic process of history taking and physical examination) and pain complaints by measurement of VAS pain scores in their place before and after intervention in informal shoe production workshop in Ciomas Bogor District.Results: There was a significant decrease in the prevalence of NPB in the group given the intervention of the William's Flexion movement compared with those not (76% to 16% versus 68% to 28%; p = 0.041). There was a significant decrease in the mean pain scores after intervention with VAS scale in the experimental group given William's Flexion intervention for two weeks when compared with those not (VAS score 4 to 2 versus 3 to 2; p = 0.028). Obtained Number Needed to Treat (NNT) = 8 or number of worker in informal shoe production workshops who need to be treated to avoid one additional event with William's Flexion movement are eight people. Conclusion: William's Flexion movement effectively decreases NPB in informal shoe production workshops."

"Latar belakang: Nyeri Punggung Bawah (NPB) merupakan masalah kesehatan kerja yang dilaporkan sebagai alasan umum ketidakhadiran operator dump truck di Industri Pertambangan PT.X. Operator alat berat memiliki risiko untuk terjadi NPB karena aktivitas pekerjaan. Sementara latihan peregangan membantu mencegah NPB dengan meningkatkan fleksibilitas neuromuskuler dan mengurangi rasa nyeri. Manfaat latihan peregangan untuk operator alat berat khususnya dump truck belum banyak diteliti dan perlu dilakukan intervensi berupa latihan peregangan terhadap operator dump truck yang mengalami NPB.Tujuan: Mengetahui efek latihan peregangan saat bertugas terhadap NPB pada operator dump truck di industri pertambangan PT.XMetode: Penelitian quasi experiment dengan pendekatan control group pretest-posttest melibatkan 76 operator yang mengalami NPB, masing-masing 38 operator dipilih secara purposive sampling untuk kelompok kontrol dan intervensi. Kelompok kontrol hanya menerima video edukasi pencegahan NPB dan kelompok intervensi menerima intervensi standar dan Latihan Peregangan Punggung Bawah. Penelitian dilakukan selama 4 minggu. Tingkat nyeri dan fleksibilitas diukur setiap minggunya. Tingkat nyeri dan fleksibilitas punggung bawah dinilai dengan Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) dan V-Sit and Reach Test. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan analisis univariat, bivariat, dan general linear model (GLM).Hasil Penelitian: Selama latihan peregangan, terdapat penurunan signifikan tingkat nyeri dan peningkatan fleksibilitas setiap minggunya. Pada akhir intervensi, terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara tingkat nyeri punggung bawah dan fleksibilitas pada kelompok kontrol dan intervensi (p<0,001). Tidak ada hubungan signifikan antara penurunan nyeri dan peningkatan fleksibilitas selama latihan peregangan.Kesimpulan: Latihan peregangan punggung bawah secara signifikan dapat mengurangi tingkat nyeri dan meningkatkan fleksibilitas pada NPB. Latihan peregangan ini dapat digunakan sebagai salah satu program latihan peregangan di tempat kerja untuk pencegahan NPB. Diperlukan penelitian lebih lanjut mengenai pengaruh latihan peregangan pada operator alat berat lainnya.......Background : Lower Back Pain (LBP) is an occupational health problem that is reported as a common reason for the absence of dump truck operators in the mining industry of PT.X. Heavy Eequipment Vehicle (HEV) operators are at risk for LPB due to work activities. Stretching exercises help prevent LBP by increasing neuromuscular flexibility and reducing pain. The benefits of stretching exercises for HEV operators, especially dump trucks, haven’t been studied yet and interventions need to be carried out regarding the effects of stretching exercises on dump truck operators who experience LBPPurpose: Determine the effect of stretching exercises especially pain level and flexibility in lower back while on duty towards low back pain in dump truck operators at the coal mining industry PT.X. Methods: A nonrandomized controlled trial with a pretest-posttest control group approach involved 76 dump truck operators who experienced LBP, each of which 38 operators were selected by purposive sampling for the control and intervention groups. The control group only received LBP prevention education videos and the intervention group received standard intervention and Lower Back Stretching Exercises. This study were performed for 4 weeks. Pain and flexibility levels were measured at the start of the program, weekly, until the end of the program. Low back pain and flexibility were assessed using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) and the V-Sit and Reach (VSR) test. The data obtained were analyzed using univariate, bivariate, and general linear models (GLM).Results: During stretching exercises, there was a significant reduction in pain levels and a significant increase in flexibility each week. At the end of the intervention, there was a significant difference between the level of pain and flexibility on LBP in the control and intervention groups (p<0.001). There is no significant relationship between reduced pain and increased flexibility during stretching exercises.Conclusion: Lower back stretching exercises can significantly reduce pain levels and increase flexibility in LBP. This stretching exercise can be used as one of the stretching programs at work for the prevention of LBP. Further research is needed on the effect of stretching exercises on other heavy equipment operators."