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Abstrak :
Penyakit tidak menular (PTM) merupakan penyebab utama kematian di dunia maupun di Indonesia. Salah satu intervensi kunci dan cara yang paling efektif untuk menurunkan PTM adalah pengendalian faktor risiko PTM, diantaranya pemanfaatan Posbindu PTM sebagai wadah deteksi dini faktor risiko PTM. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan perilaku masyarakat dalam pemanfaatan Pos Pembinaan Terpadu Penyakit Tidak Menular di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Mogang Kabupaten Samosir. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan mix method dengan sequential explanatory design (urutan pembuktian) diawali dengan penelitian kuantitatif terhadap 246 orang responden sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi dan dilanjutkan dengan penelitian kualitatif dengan melakukan wawancara mendalam, focus group discussion dan observasi pelaksanaan kegiatan Posbindu PTM. Data dianalisis secara univariat, bivariat, multivariat dan analisis tematik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata pemanfaatan Posbindu PTM dalam satu tahun hanya 3.2 kali. Faktor dominan yang berhubungan secara signifikan pada CI 95% secara berturut turut adalah sikap (P value 0.001), umur (P value 0.001), ketersediaan sarana (p value 0.005), dukungan tokoh masyarakat (p value 0.007), pengetahuan (p value 0.008), dukungan keluarga (p value 0.021). Disarankan kepada Dinas Kesehatan, Puskesmas Mogang untuk melaksanakan resosialisasi program Posbindu PTM, meningkatkan komunikasi, informasi dan edukasi bagi masyarakat, pembenahan terhadap sarana dan prasarana, meningkatkan kerjasama dan koordinasi dengan lintas sektor serta mengembangkan pemberdayaan masyarakat terintegrasi melalui kelompok-kelompok potensial.

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Non-communicable diseases (NCD) are a major cause of death in the world and in Indonesia. One of the key interventions and the most effective way to reduce NCD is the control of NCD risk factors, including the use of IDP of NCD as a forum for early detection of NCD risk factors. This study aims to analyze the factors that are related to the behavior of the community in utilizing the Integrated Development Post of Non Communicable Disease in the working area of the Mogang Public Health Center in Samosir Regency. This study uses a mix method approach with sequential explanatory design (sequence of evidence) which begins with quantitative research on 246 respondents according to inclusion criteria and continued with qualitative research by conducting in-depth interviews, focus group discussions and observations on the implementation of IDP of NCD activities. Data were analyzed by univariate, bivariate, multivariate and thematic analysis. The results showed that the average utilization of IDP of NCD in one year was only 3.2 times. The dominant factors that are significantly related to 95% CI respectively are attitude (P value 0.001), age (P value 0.001), availability of facilities (p value 0.005), support from community leaders (p value 0.007), knowledge (p value 0.008 ), family support (p value 0.021). It is recommended to the Health Office, Mogang Health Center to carry out the resocialization of the IDP of NCD program, improve communication, information and education for the community, improve facilities and infrastructure, increase cooperation and coordination with cross-sectors and develop integrated community empowerment through potential groups.

Abstrak :
Many infectious diseases of recent concern, including malaria, cholera, plague, and Lyme disease, have emerged from complex ecological communities, involving multiple hosts and their associated parasites. Several of these diseases appear to be influenced by human impacts on the environment, such as intensive agriculture, clear-cut forestry, and habitat loss and fragmentation; such environmental impacts may affect many species that occur at trophic levels below or above the hostcommunity. These observations suggest that the prevalence of both human and wildlife diseases may be altered in unanticipated ways by changes in the structure and composition of ecological communities. Predicting the epidemiological ramifications of such alteration in community composition will require strengthening the current union between community ecology and epidemiology.

Abstrak :
This book form a background reference work to understanding how the ecology of Africa has been shaped by its past. Reviewing historical data wherever possible it adopts an holistic view treating man as well as animals, with accent on diseases both human and animal which have been a potent force in shaping Africa’s ecology, a role neglected in ecological studies.