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"ABSTRAK Kesempatan bekerja bagi penyandang disabilitas kini sudah mulai terbuka di beberapa perusahaan baik perusahaa BUMN maupun perusahaan swasta karena pegawai disabilitas mampu membuktikan bahwa kinerja pegawai disabilitas sangat efektif sesuai dengan target yang telah ditentukan oleh perusahaan. Namun perusahaan tidak dapat hanya melihat pegawai disabilitas sebagai sumber daya manusia yang bekerja tanpa memperhatikan kesejahteraan dan peningkatan kemampuan pegawai disabilitasnya terutama dalam hal pengembangan karir seperti menjadi ahli di bidang pekerjaannya serta tersedianya aksesibilitas berbagai fasilitas penunjang yang dapat mendukgung mobilitas pegawai dalam beraktivitas. ILO sebagai organisasi perburuhan telah menyusun standar pengelolaan tenaga kerja disabilitas di dunia kerja agar dapat tercipta situasi kerja yang tidak diskriminatif dan inklusif. Dalam hal ini pengalaman penyandang disabilitas sangat diperlukan dalam menilai kemampuan perusahaan untuk memenuhi kriteria pengelolaan tenaga kerja disabilitas yang sesuai dengan guidelines ILO. Untuk itu dilakukan penelitian tentang pengalaman bekerja para pegawai disabilitas selama bekerja di perusahaan BUMN dan perusahaan swasta berdasarkan perspektif penyandang disabilitas sendiri. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian studi kasus pengambilan sampel informan melalui teknik snowball sampling. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa dalam perekrutan perusahaan terhadap pegawai disabilitas masih mengandung diskriminasi sebab hanya penyandang disabilitas yang berada di Balai saja yang mendapat kesempatan bekerja namun tidak seluruh penyadang disabilitas angkatan kerja selain itu dalam hal pengembangan karir dan pengadaan fasilitas umum yang masih belum aksesibel bagi pegawai disabilitas di perusahaan. Saran yang diberikan antara lain perusahaan dapat membuat kebijakan pengelolaan tenaga kerja disabilitas yang tidak diskriminatif sejak dalam tahapan rekrutmen, seleksi, pengembangan karir dan penyediaan sarana dan prasarana yang diperlukan bagi penyandang disabilitas sesuai dengan yang diharapkan pada guidelines ILO terkait pengelolaan penyandang disabilitas dalam dunia kerja dan sejalan dengan harapan umum yang diinginkan oleh UU Nomor 8 Tahun 2016 tentang Penyandang Disabilitas juga sehingga dapat mewujudkan workplace inclusion dalam dunia kerja.

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ABSTRACT

Job opportunities for persons with disabilities have now begun to open in several companies, both state-owned enterprises and private companies because disability employees are able to prove that the performance of disability employees is very effective in accordance with the targets set by the company. But companies cannot only see disability employees as human resources who work without regard to welfare and increase the ability of their disability employees, especially in terms of career development such as becoming experts in their fields of work and the availability of accessibility to various supporting facilities that can support employee mobility in their activities. The ILO as a labor organization has set standards for managing disability labor in the world of work in order to create a non-discriminatory and inclusive work situation. In this case the experience of persons with disabilities is very necessary in assessing the ability of companies to meet the criteria for managing disability labor in accordance with ILO guidelines. For this reason, research was conducted on the experience of working with disability employees while working in state-owned companies and private companies based on the perspective of persons with disabilities themselves. This study uses a qualitative approach with a type of case study of informant sampling through a snowball sampling technique. The results of the study found that the recruitment of companies with disability employees still contained discrimination because only persons with disabilities in the Balai had the opportunity to work but not all workers with disabilities other than that in terms of career development and provision of public facilities that were still not accessible for disabled employees. at the company. Suggestions given include companies can make policies for managing disability workers who are not discriminatory since the stages of recruitment, selection, career development and provision of facilities and infrastructure needed for persons with disabilities as expected in ILO guidelines related to the management of persons with disabilities in the world of work and in line with the general expectations desired by Law Number 8 of 2016 concerning Disabled Persons as well so that they can realize workplace inclusion in the world of work.

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"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dari strategi pengajaran guru terhadap penerimaan teman sebaya siswa normal pada siswa berkebutuhan khusus di SD negeri inklusif dan SD swasta inklusif dengan n=73 unit analisis kelas. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada 10 SD negeri inklusif dan 8 SD swasta inklusif di Jakarta, Depok dan Bogor. Penelitian ini menggunakan Bender Classroom Structure Questions Versi Indonesia (BCSQ-VI) untuk mengukur strategi pengajaran dan Peer Acceptance Scale (PAS) untuk mengukur penerimaan teman sebaya. Hasil analisis regresi menunjukan bahwa strategi pengajaran mempunyai pengaruh terhadap penerimaan teman sebaya siswa normal pada siswa berkebutuhan khusus di SD negeri inklusif (R=0,342, p<0,05). Hasil yang berbeda ditemukan di SD swasta inklusif, strategi pengajaran di SD swasta inklusif tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap penerimaan siswa normal pada siswa berkebutuhan khusus (R=0,337, p>005). Hasil perbandingan strategi pengajaran di SD negeri inklusif dan SD swasta inklusif menunjukan hasil yang tidak signifikan. Tidak ada perbedaan strategi pengajaran di SD negeri inklusif dan SD swasta inklusif. Hasil yang sama terlihat pada perbandingan penerimaan teman sebaya siswa normal terhadap siswa berkebutuhan khusus di SD negeri inklusif dan SD swasta inklusif. Tidak ada perbedaan penerimaan teman sebaya siswa normal terhadap siswa berkebutuhan khusus di SD negeri inklusif dan SD swasta inklusif.

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The purpose of this study was to determine effects of teacher’s strategy on students peer acceptance toward disability students in inclusive public and private elementary school with n=73 class unit class analysis. This study was conducted in 10 inclusive public elementary school and 8 inclusive private elementary school in Jakarta, Depok and Bogor. This study uses measuring instruments Bender Classroom Structure Question Version Indonesian (BCSQ) to measure teaching strategy and Peer Acceptance Scale to measure peer acceptance.

Results from regression analysis found that there is significant effect of teaching strategy on students peer acceptance in inclusive public elementary school (R=0,342, p<0,05). Different result found in inclusive private elementary school, there is no significant effect of teaching strategy on students peer acceptance in inclusive private elementary school (R=0,337, p>005).

The comparative of teaching strategy in inclusive public elementary school and inclusive private elementary school found the results no significant different. Further, the comparative of peer acceptance in inclusive public elementary school and inlusive private school found the results that no significant different."

"Kualitas interaksi antara orang tua dan anak diketahui memengaruhi kemampuan sosial- emosional anak. Pada keluarga dengan anak berkebutuhan khusus, kualitas interaksi yang positif tercipta melalui penerimaan orang tua terhadap kondisi anak. Dalam menjalani serangkaian proses hingga akhirnya mampu menerima kondisi anak, dibutuhkan keberfungsian keluarga yang sehat. Keberfungisan keluarga yang sehat memungkinkan orang tua untuk menanggulangi berbagai tantangan yang ditemui sebagai implikasi dari kondisi anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan menguji peran penerimaan orang tua dalam memediasi pengaruh keberfungsian keluarga terhadap kemampuan sosial-emosional anak berkebutuhan khusus. Sejumlah 291 orang tua yang memiliki anak berkebutuhan khusus dan menempuh pendidikan di Sekolah Dasar terlibat sebagai partisipan. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan tiga alat ukur yaitu Family Assessment Device, Elementary School Student Social and Emotional Skills Survey dan Parental Acceptance-Rejection Questionnaire Short Form. Selanjutnya, data diolah menggunakan program IBM SPSS versi 22 dan R versi 3.4.2 dengan Lavaan 0.6-5. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerimaan orang tua tidak berperan secara signifikan dalam memediasi pengaruh keberfungsian keluarga terhadap kemampuan sosial emosional anak berkebutuhan khusus. Hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa dinamika hubungan antara keberfungsian keluarga, penerimaan orang tua dan kemampuan sosial emosional anak berkebutuhan khusus turut dipengaruhi faktor-faktor lain, seperti gaya atau pola pengasuhan dalam keluarga.

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Interaction quality between parents and children is known to be associated with the development of childrens social-emotional competence. In families with special needs children, the bond is built through parental acceptance. In the process of experiencing phases until eventually accepting the childrens condition, a healthy family function is required. A healthy family function empowers parents to overcome many challenges in taking care of special needs children. This study aims to examine the role of parental acceptance in mediating the effect of family functioning on the social-emotional competence of special needs children. A total of 291 parents whose children attend elementary schools are involved as participants. Three instruments used were: Family Assessment Device, Social Skills and Emotional Survey of Primary School Students and Short Form of Parental Acceptance-Rejection Questionnaire. Data processing conducted using IBM SPSS version 22 and R version 3.4.2 with Lavaan 0.6-5. The result determines that parental acceptance doesnt have a significant role in mediating the effect of family function on the social-emotional competence of special needs children. This indicates that the relationship between family function, parental acceptance and social-emotional competence of special needs children are also affected by other additional factors, such as parenting style."