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"Latar belakang. Displasia bronkopulmonal (DBP) adalah penyakit multifaktorial kronis akibat inflamasi baik prenatal maupun postnatal. Hal ini akan menyebakan komplikasi jangka panjang dalam hal pernapasan, kardiovaskuler, dan neurodevelopmental. Azitromisin sebagai agen antiinflamasi diharapkan dapat mencegah kejadian DBP.Metode. Uji klinis acak terkontrol tidak tersamar dilakukan selama Juni 2021-April 2022 di unit Neonatologi RSCM Jakarta pada 114 subjek dengan usia gestasi 25 minggu-31 minggu 6 hari yang mengalami distress napas. Pasien yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi dilakukan randomisasi dan dibagi menjadi dua kelompok yaitu kelompok uji/perlakuan dan kelompok kontrol, masing masing sebanyak 57 subjek. Kelompok uji akan mendapatkan azitromisin dalam usia <24 jam selama 14 hari dengan dosis 10 mg/kgbb/intravena selama 7 hari kemudian dilanjutkan 5 mg/kgbb/intravena selama 7 hari. Pasian akan dipantau sampai dengan usia gestasi 36 minggu untuk melihat outcome primer berupa DBP, dan outcome sekunder berupa IVH, PVL, EKN, lama penggunaan O2, durasi penggunaan ventilator mekanik, lama pencapaian full enteral feeding, serta mortalitas pada kedua kelompok. Diagnosis DBP ditegakkan berdasarkan NICHD 2019.Hasil. Angka kejadian DBP secara umum adalah 34.8%. Angka kejadian DBP pada bayi extremely preterm adalah 58.3%, sedangkan pada bayi very preterm adalah 31%. Kejadian DBP lebih banyak pada kelompok kontrol (63% vs 38%) dengan RR 0.611(0.417-0.896). Durasi penggunaan ventilator mekanik lebih pendek pada kelompok yang mendapatkan azitromisin (5.22 vs 12.75,p 0.025). Lamanya pencapaian full enteral feeding lebih pendek pada kelompok uji/perlakuan (13.38 vs 17.14 hari, p 0.04). Angka kejadian EKN lebih rendah pada kelompok uji/perlakuan (19% vs 40%, nilai p 0.014). Mortalitas lebih rendah pada kelompok uji/perlakuan (25% vs 46% , nilai p 0.019) RR 1.660 (95% CI 1.043-2.642). Kesimpulan. Azitromisin dapat menurunkan angka kejadian DBP, mempercepat pencapaian full enteral feeding, menurunkan mortalitas pada bayi prematur.......Background. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a chronic multifactorial disease caused by inflammation both prenatal and postnatal. This will lead a long-term complications of respiratory, cardiovascular, and neurodevelopmental. Azithromycin as an antiinflammatory agent is expected to prevent BPD.Methods. A randomized controlled clinical trial, unblinded was conducted during June 2021-April 2022 at the Neonatology unit of RSCM Jakarta on 114 subjects with a gestational age of 25 weeks-31 weeks 6 days who experienced respiratory distress. Patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were randomized and divided into two groups, the intervention group and the control group, each group with 57 subjects. The intervention group will receive azithromycin at the age of <24 hours for 14 days at a dose of 10 mg/kg/intravenous for 7 days then followed by 5 mg/kg/intravenous for 7 days. Patients will be monitored up to 36 weeks' gestation to see the primary outcome in the form of BPD, and secondary outcomes in the form of IVH, PVL, EKN, duration of O2 used, duration of mechanical ventilator used, duration of achieving full enteral feeding, and mortality in both groups. BPD diagnosed based on NICHD 2019.Results. The incidence of BPD in general is 34.8%. The incidence of BPD in extremely preterm infants is 58.3%, while in very preterm infants it is 31%. The incidence of BPD was more in the control group (63% vs 38%) with an RR 0.611(0.417-0.896). The duration of ventilator mechanic used was shorter in the intervention group (5.22 vs 12.75, p 0.025). The duration of achieving full enteral feeding was shorter in the intervention group (13.38 vs 17.14 days, p 0.04). The incidence of NEC was lower in the intervention group (19% vs 40%, p-value 0.014). Mortality was lower in the intervention group (25% vs 46%, p 0.019) RR 1.660 (95% CI 1.043-2.642). Conclusion. Azithromycin can reduce the incidence of BPD, accelerate the achievement of full enteral feeding, reduce mortality in premature infants"

"Latar Belakang: Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) masih menjadi masalah yang belum terselesaikan mengingat terapi yang ada saat ini adalah pemberian obat jangka panjang yang tidak adekuat sehingga memicu terjadinya inflamasi usus kronik yang mengakibatkan keganasan berupa displasia.Tujuan: Membuktikan pengaruh ekstrak daun dewa terenkapsulasi nanopartikel kitosan dalam mencegah displasia pada usus besar mencit.Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan 24 sampel jaringan kolon yang disimpan dari penelitian sebelumnya berupa uji anti inflamasi mencit Swiss Webster jantan yang dibagi secara acak menjadi 6 kelompok yaitu kelompok normal (N), kontrol negatif diberi dekstran natrium sulfat ( Larutan DSS yang diberi ekstrak daun Mahkota Dewa 12,5 mg/hari dan 25 mg/hari (MD 12,5; MD 25), diberi ekstrak daun Mahkota Dewa dalam nanopartikel kitosan 6,25 mg/hari dan 12,5 mg/hari (NPMD 6,25). ; NPMD 12,5). Median skor displasia (data numerik) dari pengamatan histologis dengan pewarnaan hematoxylin-eosin (HE) kemudian dianalisis menggunakan uji nonparametrik Kruskal-Wallis dan Mann-Whitney untuk uji Post-Hoc.Hasil: Semua kelompok uji berbeda secara signifikan dari kelompok DSS. skor displasia kelompok MD 12,5; NPMD 12,5; dan NPMD 6,25 sama dengan kelompok N.Simpulan: Metode pemberian ekstrak mahkota dewa, tanpa atau tanpa nanopartikel kitosan terenkapsulasi, efektif menurunkan skor displasia kolon akibat DSS.Background: Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is still an unresolved problem considering the current therapy is inadequate long-term drug administration, which triggers chronic intestinal inflammation resulting in malignancy in the form of dysplasia.Objective: To prove the effect of chitosan nanoparticles encapsulated Dewa leaf extract in preventing dysplasia in the large intestine of mice.Methods: This study used 24 samples of colonic tissue stored from previous studies in the form of anti-inflammatory test of male Swiss Webster mice which were randomly divided into 6 groups, namely the normal group (N), the negative control group was given dextran sodium sulfate (DSS solution given the extract of Mahkota leaf). Dewa 12.5 mg/day and 25 mg/day (MD 12.5; MD 25), were given Mahkota Dewa leaf extract in chitosan nanoparticles 6.25 mg/day and 12.5 mg/day (NPMD 6.25). ; NPMD 12,5). The median dysplasia score (numerical data) from histological observations with hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was then analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney nonparametric test for the Post-Hoc test.Results: All test groups differed significantly from the DSS group. MD group dysplasia score 12.5; NPMD 12.5; and NPMD 6.25 equal to group N.Conclusion: The method of administering the crown of god extract, without or without encapsulated chitosan nanoparticles, was effective in reducing the colonic dysplasia score due to DSS."

"Displasia bronkopulmonal merupakan salah satu komplikasi dari kelahiran prematur. Faktor risiko DBP pada bayi sangat prematur yaitu kecil masa kehamilan, korioamnionitis, pajanan oksigen FiO2 > 30%, duktus arteriosus persisten hemodinamik signifikan, sepsis neonatorum awitan lambat, volutrauma, surfaktan tidak diberikan, kafein tidak diberikan, dan tidak mendapatkan ASI. Data prevalens DBP yang dipublikasi pada tahun 2015 yaitu 42,8% dan kesintasan bayi sangat prematur di RSCM pada tahun 2020 yaitu 54,17%. Oleh karena itu, studi prevalens dan mempelajari faktor risiko DBP pada bayi sangat prematur yang lahir di RSCM perlu dilakukan. Penelitian ini merupakan studi potong lintang dengan subyek bayi usia gestasi £32 minggu yang lahir di RSCM. Sebanyak 211 subyek memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Hasil penelitian yaitu prevalens DBP 34,6% (DBP ringan 19%, DBP sedang 8,5%, dan DBP berat 7,1%). Analisis multivariat menunjukkan faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan DBP yaitu SNAL (aOR 4,455 IK 95% 1,932-10,270; p= <0,001), pajanan volume tidal >5 mL/kg (aOR 3,059 IK 95% 1,491-6,273; p 0,002), asupan ASI predominan (aOR 0,348 IK 95% 0,150-0,808; p 0,014), dan asupan susu formula predominan (aOR 0,280 IK 95% 0,123-0,634; p 0,002). Kesimpulan: Bayi sangat prematur yang mengalami SNAL, pajanan volum tidal >5 mL/kg berisiko mengalami DBP. Namun, asupan asi predominan dan susu formula predominan menurunkan risiko DBP.......Bronchopulmonary dysplasia is one of the complications of preterm birth. The risk factors for bronchopulmonary dysplasia in very premature infants were small gestational age, chorioamnionitis, oxygen exposure to FiO2 > 30%, hemodynamically significant persistent ductus arteriosus, late-onset neonatal sepsis, volutrauma, no surfactant, no caffeine, and no breastfeeding. Published data of prevalence of DBP in 2015 is 42.8% and the survival data for very premature babies at the CMH in 2020 is 54.17%. Therefore, it is necessary to study the prevalence and study of risk factors for bronchopulmonary dysplasia in very preterm infants born in CMH. This study is a cross-sectional study with 32 weeks gestational age infants born at CMH. A total of 211 subjects met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results of the study were the prevalence of DBP 34.6% (mild DBP 19%, moderate DBP 8.5%, and severe DBP 7.1%). Multivariate analysis showed the risk factors associated with DBP were late onset neonatal sepsis (aOR 4,455 CI 95% 1,932-10,270; p= <0,001), tidal volume exposure >5 mL/kg (aOR 3,059 CI 95% 1,491-6,273; p 0,002), human milk predominant (aOR 0,348 CI 95% 0,150-0,808; p 0,014), and formula milk predominant (aOR 0,280 CI 95% 0,123-0,634; p 0,002). Conclusion: In a very premature infants who have SNAL, tidal volume exposure >5 mL/kg are at risk for DBP. However, the predominant human milk intake and predominant formula milk intake decreased the risk of DBP."

"Craniofacial dysplasias are rarely found, but the frequency of cleft lip and palate in Indonesia is quite high. Acurate observation and identification this dysplasia should to be done before treatment. To recognize the craniofacial dysplasia need a classification. One of the classifications is based on patomorphogenic. This classification will identify the craniofacial dysplasia from stage of development, origin, form and site. The clinicians will manage these patients accurately with this classification and the patient's quality of life will be improved."

"ABSTRAKResusitasi dengan konsentrasi oksigen yang tinggi (100%) pada bayi cukup bulanmeningkatkan angka mortalitas dan morbiditas. Hiperoksia dapat meningkatkan stresoksidatif pada bayi prematur oleh karena kadar anti oksidannya yang rendah. Peningkatanstres oksidatif akan mengakibatkan inflamasi dan berhubungan dengan terjadinya displasiabronkopulmonal dan gangguan integritas usus. Pemberian oksigen yang tinggi juga akanmemengaruhi mikrobiota aerob dan anaerob dalam usus oleh karena oksigen akan berdifusidari mukosa usus ke dalam lumen usus. Belum diketahui berapa kadar FiO2 awal yang tepatpada resusitasi bayi prematur.Penelitian ini bertujuan menelaah dampak perbedaan pajanan konsentrasi oksigen awal padaresusitasi bayi prematur terhadap displasia bronkopulmonal, integritas mukosa, danmikrobiota usus.Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian uji klinis acak terkontrol tidak tersamar di IlmuKesehatan Anak, FKUI-RSCM dan RS Bunda Menteng pada bayi prematur (usia gestasi 25?32 minggu) yang mengalami distres pernapasan yang dirandomisasi untuk diberikanresusitasi dengan FiO2 awal 30% atau 50%. Kadar FiO2 disesuaikan untuk mencapai targetsaturasi oksigen (SpO2) 88?92% pada menit ke-10 dengan menggunakan pulse oxymetry.Luaran primer berupa angka kejadian DBP dan luaran sekunder berupa penanda stresoksidatif (rasio GSH/GSSG dan MDA darah tali pusat dan hari ke-3), penanda gangguanintegritas usus (alpha-1 antitrypsin), dan mikrobiota usus (polymerase chain reaction) padafeses hari 1?3 dan hari ke-7.Selama periode Januari?September 2015, terdapat 84 bayi yang direkrut (masing-masing 42bayi pada kelompok 30% dan 50%). Tidak ada perbedaan bermakna angka kejadian DBPpada kelompok FiO2 30% vs. 50%, yaitu 42,8% vs. 40,5% (intention to treat analysis) dan25% vs. 19,4% (per protocol analysis). Juga tidak ada perbedaan bermakna penanda stresoksidatif (rasio GSH/GSSG dan kadar MDA), kadar AAT, dan mikrobiota usus pada keduakelompok. Mikrobiota anaerob fakultatif lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan mikrobiotaanaerob pada hari ke-7 pada kedua kelompok.Pada bayi prematur dengan usia gestasi 25?32 minggu yang diresusitasi dengan FiO2 awal30% vs. 50% tidak dijumpai perbedaan yang bermakna angka kejadian DBP, penanda stresoksidatif, gangguan integritas mukosa usus (AAT), dan mikrobiota usus. Oleh karena itu,pemberian FiO2 awal 30% hingga 50% selama resusitasi sama amannya untuk bayi prematur

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ABSTRACTResuscitation with high oxygen levels (100%) in term infants increases mortality andmorbidity rates. Hyperoxia can increase oxidative stress in premature infants due to its lowantioxidant level. The increased oxidative stress will cause inflammation and it is associatedwith the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) as well as intestinaldysintegrity. The administration of high oxygen levels will also affect aerobic and anaerobicintestinal microbiota as the oxygen will diffuse from intestinal mucosa into the lumen. Theappropriate initial FiO2 level during the resuscitation of premature infants has not beenknown.This study aims to analyze an impact on the difference of exposure to initial oxygenconcentration in resuscitation of premature infants against bronchopulmonary dysplasia,mucosal integrity, and intestinal mucosa.The study was an unblinded randomized controlled clinical trial, in Child Health DepartmentUniversity of Indonesia, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, and Menteng Bunda Hospital inJakarta, which was conducted in premature infants (25?32 weeks of gestational age) whoexperienced respiratory distress and were randomized for receiving resuscitation using 30%or 50% initial FiO2. The FiO2 levels were adjusted to achieve target oxygen saturation (SpO2)of 88?92% on the 10th minute using pulse oximetry. The primary outcome was incidence ofBPD; while the secondary outcome was markers of oxidative stress (ratio of GSH/GSSG andMDA in umbilical cord blood and on the 3rd day), intestinal dysintegrity (AAT) andintestinal microbiota (using PCR) found in fecal examination on day 1?3 and on the 7th day.During the period between January and September 2015, there were 84 infants recruited(there were 42 infants in each group of the 30% and 50% FiO2). There was no significantdifference on BPD incidence between 30% and 50% FiO2 groups, i.e. 42.8% vs. 40.5%(intention to treat analysis) and 25% vs. 19.4% (per protocol analysis). There was also nosignificant difference on oxidative stress markers (ratio of GSH/GSSG and MDA levels),AAT levels, and changes of facultative anaerobic and anaerobic microbiota in both groups.However, there was a higher level of facultative anaerobic microbiota compared to anaerobicmicrobiota on the 7th day in both groups.In premature infants with 25?32 weeks of gestational age who were resuscitated using 30%vs. 50% initial FiO2 level, significant differences were found in terms of BPD incidence,oxidative stress markers (ratio of GSH/GSSG and MDA), AAT (intestinal mucosa integrity)and intestinal microbiota. Therefore, it is concluded that the administration of 30% to 50%initial FiO2 are both equally safe for premature infants during resuscitation."

"Manuver rekrutmen paru (MRP) adalah strategi mencegah kerusakan paru saat bayi menggunakan ventilator mekanis (VM). Dengan meningkatkan tekanan akhir ekspirasi (TAE) secara bertahap, MRP membuka alveolus, menurunkan kebutuhan oksigen hirup (FiO2) sekaligus meningkatkan ambilan oksigen paru. Hingga kini, belum cukup bukti ilmiah terkait pengaruh MRP menggunakan VM terhadap luaran bayi prematur. Penelitian ini adalah uji klinis tidak tersamar, dilakukan di RS Cipto Mangunkusumo dan RSIA Bunda Menteng, bertujuan mencari hubungan MRP dengan kejadian DBP dan atau kematian, curah jantung, cedera alveolus-endotel, penurunan diameter duktus arteriosus (DA), dan mikrosirkulasi kulit. Penelitian berlangsung Maret 2021–April 2022. Subjek penelitian adalah bayi prematur 24–32 minggu yang menggunakan ventilator mekanis saat usia < 48 jam. Protein surfaktan-D (SP-D) diukur menggunakan metode ELISA, mikropartikel endotel (CD-31+/CD-42–) menggunakan flowsitometri, curah jantung dan diameter DA menggunakan ekokardiografi, TcCO2–PaCO2, TcO2/PaO2 menggunakan monitor gas darah transkutan dan gas darah arteri, strong ion difference (SID) menggunakan elektrolit darah arteri. Pada usia koreksi 36 minggu, tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna kejadian DBP atau kematian antara kelompok MRP dan tanpa MRP 38 (69,09%) vs. 43 (78,18%), p = 0,216. Pada 72 jam pasca-penggunaan VM, tidak didapati perbedaan kadar SP-D, CD 31+, Diameter DA, curah jantung, TcCO2 gap dan SID antara kelompok MRP dan tanpa MRP . Terdapat perbedaan bermakna TcO2 indeks 1,00 (1,00; 1,02) vs. 1,00 (0,99; 1,00), p = 0,009* antara kelompok MRP dibanding tanpa MRP. Pada bayi penyintas, MRP mempercepat waktu untuk mencapai FiO2 ter-rendah 60,0 (54,00; 75,00) vs. 435,00 (375,00; 495,00) menit, p < 0,0001 dan lama penggunaan alat bantu napas 25,0 (19,00; 37,00) vs. 36,83 (SB 19,11) hari, p = 0,044.Simpulan, MRP bayi prematur tidak terbukti mengurangi kejadian DBP dan atau kematian pada usia 36 minggu. Tidak ada perbedaan cedera alveolar-endotel, curah jantung kiri-kanan, dan diameter DA pada usia 72 jam. Tindakan MRP meningkatkan mikrosirkulasi. Pada kelompok penyintas, MRP mempersingkat waktu mencapai FiO2 terendah dan penggunaan alat bantu napas.......Lung recruitment maneuver (LRM) is a strategy during mechanical ventilation which aim to open collapsed alveolus in order to increased oxygenation. This maneuver could be done by application of a stepwise increments of positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP) until lowest FiO2 (< 30%) is achieved. There is still lack of evidence regarding relationship between LRM and neonatal outcome. This study aimed to evaluate effectivity of LRM in order to reduce chronic lung disease and it’s influence to neonatal hemodynamic as well. This was unblinded randomized clinical trial which aimed to investigate relationship between LRM and neonatal death, bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), cardiac output, reduction of ductus arteriosus (DA) diameter, skin microcirculations and alveolar-endotel injury. The study was conducted on March 2021 until April 2022 in Cipto Mangunkusumo and Bunda Menteng Hospital. Plasma surfactant protein-D (SP-D) was measured with ELISA, Microparticel endotel (CD-31+) with flowcytometri, left and right cardiac output (LVO and RVO) and DA diameter were measured by echocardiography, TcCO2–PaCO2, tcO2/PaO2 were measured form arterial blood gas and transcutaneous monitor and strong ion difference (SID) from plasma electrolyte. At 36 weeks follow up, there ware no significant difference of incident of DBP and/or death between MRP vs. without MRP groups 38 (69.09%) vs. 43 (78.18%), p = 0.216 (CI 95% 0.141–0.295). There were no difference between MRP and without MRP group at 72 hours, regarding : plasma SP-D, microparticle endotel, cardiac output, DA diameter, tcCO2 gap and SID. At. 72 hours, tcO2 index was better in MRP compared to control group 1.00 (1.00; 1.02) vs. 1.00 (0.99; 1.00), p = 0.009. There were no significant difference regarding other neonatal morbidity between the two group. Among survival subject, LRM reduced time to achieved lowest FiO2 60.00 (54.00; 75.00) vs. 435.00 (375.00; 495.00) hours, p < 0.0001 and length of respiratoy support 25.0 (19.00; 37.00) vs. 36.83 (SD 19.11) days, p=0.044.Conclusion When applied to 24–32 weeks preterm baby with invasive mechanical ventilation, LRM could not reduced DBP or death at 36 weeks of age. There was no any difference at 72 hours regarding alveolar and endothelial injury, left and right cardiac output and diameter DA. LRM was associated with better microcirculation. Among the survivor, LRM reduced high oxygen concentration exposure time and length of respiratory support."

"ABSTRAKBerdasarkan data dari American Cancer Society pada tahun 2015, kanker kolorektal merupakan penyebab kematian ketiga terbanyak pada negara barat untuk pria maupun wanita. Belakangan ini, banyak peneliti menemukan fakta bahwa inflammatory bowel disease IBD merupakan salah satu penyebab serius dari kanker kolorektal. Maka dari itu, hal ini membawa kesempatan untuk menggali lebih lanjut pengetahuan mengenai hubungan inflamasi terhadap kanker kolrektal.Metode: Dalam riset ini, kami menggukan mencit C3H dan Balb/c untuk merepresentasikan proses karsinogenesis tubuh manusia. Kami membagi mencit ke dalam beberapa kandang sesuai dengan waktu pengorbanan yaitu 2, 4 dan 6 bulan. Setiap kelompok mendapatkan injeksi azoxymethane sekali seminggu selama satu bulan dan diikuti dengan pemberian dextran sodium sulfate pada minggu terakhir bulan pertama. Kemudian mencit dikorbankan berdasarkan durasi yang telah ditetapkan dan diobservasi secara makroskopis dan juga secara mikrsokopis menggunakan pewarnaan HE dengan pembesaran yang tinggi.Hasil: Berdasarkan hasil makroskopis yang didapat, kami dapat menemukan nodul secara mudah pada pengamatan kelompok 6 bulan sementara pada kelompok 2 bulan, nodul belum terbentuk. Sementara itu berdasarkan pengamatan morfolgi menunjukan bahwa tingkat keparahan displasia sesuai dari durasi perkembangan penyakit. Lalu, dengan menggukan tes Annova, hasil tes ini menunjukan p=0,009 p

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ABSTRAKBackground According to American Cancer Society in 2015, colorectal cancer is the third most common cause of death in western countries for both men and women. In recent years, many researchers show that colorectal carcinoma is one of the serious complications of inflammatory bowel disease IBD . Thus, it brings potential to gain more knowledge regarding the possibility of chronic inflammation leading to colorectal cancer.Method We conduct this research using C3H and Balb mice which have been proven to represent the colon carcinogenesis process in human body. We divided mice into several cage based on date of sacrifice which were 2, 4 and 6 months. Each group got once a week injection of azoxymethane for one month and was followed by administration of dextran sulfate sodium during the last week of the first month. Then mice were sacrificed based on certain duration and we observed the colon macroscopically and microscopically using HE staining with high magnificationResults .Based on macrocopic observation, we can easily find nodules in 6 months groups while for 2 months groups, the nodules have not yet developed. From morphological changes, the severity of dysplasia is in accordance with the longevity of the disease. Based on Annova Test, we find out that the result shows p 0,009 p"

"Ectodermal dysplasia is a rare congenital disease that effects several ectodermal structures. This disease is usually tranmitted as an x-linked recesive trait in which the gene is carried by female and manifested in male. The orofacial characteristics of ectodermal dysplasia include anodontia or hypodontia, congenital teeth, underdevelopment of alveolar ridges and it is not uncommon for the face of an affected child to take on the appearance characteristic of old age, a prominent forehead, protuberant lips, a depressed nasal bridge, hypotricosis, and hypohidrosis. The treatment to manage orofacial disfigurement may afford the pasient some measure of confidence, esthetics, function and speech. This case report describes the diagnosis and treatment of ectodermal dysplasia in an 18 year patient. The treatment included removable complete dentures."

"Latar belakang. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) dan nasal intermittent positive ventilation (NIPPV) mengurangi intubasi dan ventilasi mekanik pada neonatus dengan gawat napas. Masih sedikit penelitian yang membandingkannya pada neonatus cukup bulan maupun kurang bulan. Tujuan. Mengetahui kejadian intubasi, lama dukungan ventilasi non invasif dan pemakaian oksigen, bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), dan kematian antara CPAP dan NIPPV pada neonatus dengan gawat napas. Metode. Studi kohort retrospektif dilakukan terhadap neonatus dengan gawat napas, usia gestasi 28-40 minggu, lahir di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Kota Bekasi pada periode Januari 2013 - Juni 2015. Pengambilan subyek penelitian secara konsekutif, memenuhi kriteria inklusi, dan menggunakan bantuan napas dengan CPAP atau NIPPV, masing-masing 50 subjek. Hasil. Neonatus dengan gawat napas menggunakan CPAP maupun NIPPV disebabkan karena respiratory distress syndrome , transient tachypnea of the newborn, pneumonia neonatal. Rerata usia gestasi dan berat lahir pada kelompok CPAP (34±3,11 minggu, 2018±659 gr) dan NIPPV [34 (28-40) minggu, 2050 (900-3900) gr]. Kejadian intubasi dan kematian berkurang, rerata hari dukungan ventilasi non infasif maupun pemakaian oksigen lebih lama pada NIPPV dibandingkan CPAP. Simpulan. NIPPV mengurangi kejadian intubasi dan kematian pada neonatus dengan gawat napas dibandingkan CPAP. ......Background. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) and nasal intermittent positive ventilation (NIPPV) reduce intubation and mechanical ventilation. Still limited studies compare to CPAP and NIPPV in term and preterm infant with respiratory distress. Purpose. To determine CPAP and NIPPV to the event of intubation, duration non-invasive ventilation and oxygen support, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and death in neonate. Methods. Retrospective cohort study was conducted to newborn with gestational age 28-40 weeks were born at General Hospital of Bekasi City, January 2013 - June 2015. Consecutive subjects and met inclusion criteria for CPAP and NIPPV group, each one 50 subjects. Results. CPAP and NIPPV were support to neonate with respiratory distress due to respiratory distress syndrome, transient tachypnea of the newborn, and pneumonia. Mean gestational age and birth weight in CPAP group (34 ± 3.11 weeks, 2018 ± 659 gr) and NIPPV [34 (28-40) weeks, 2050 (900-3900) g]. Raduce rate of intubation and death, duration of non-invasive ventilation and oxygen support longer to NIPPV than CPAP in neonate. Conclusion. NIPPV reduce intubation and mortality rate comparison to CPAP in neonate"

"Penanganan Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip di Indonesia mayoritas tidak dilakukan secara dini sehingga membutuhkan operasi bedah. Operasi bedah yang sering dilkakukan adalah Total Hip Arthroplasty dimana sendi pinggul diganti secara menyeluruh menggunakan implan prostetik. Pada pelaksanaannya, cup dari prostetik dipasangkan menggunakan sekrup medis. Oleh karenanya penelitian mengenai tekanan yang diperoleh oleh sekrup perlu diteliti untuk menjamin keamanan dari pasien. Sebuah model CAD dari tulang pinggul yang memiliki defek containment sekitar 40% dibuat dipasangkan dengan suatu model implan prostetik diamankan oleh sebuah block graft dan dipasangkan sekrup berdiameter 2,7mm dan 3,5mm. Modeling dilakukan dengan menggunakan spline pada fitur 3D sketch sebagai batasan untuk pembuatan surface. Surface kemudian di-stitch untuk menutup celah dan memungkinkan penebalan surface menjadi solid dan pembuatan model solid dari batasan surface. Model kemudian disimulasikan menggunakan perangkat lunak SOLIDWORKS dengan pembebanan sebesar 400 N dengan arah vertikal kebawah pada spinal column. Pengaturan mesh pada mesh quality diatur dengan pengaturan ukuran maksimum mesh 29,6014mm dan minimal 1,48007mm, minimum jumlah elemen dalam sebuah lingkaran sebanyak 8, dan rasio pertumbuhan ukuran elemen sebesar 1,4. Mesh refinement juga dilakukan pada block graft dengan mengatur ukuran mesh maksimal sebesar 8,63177mm. Penulis mendapatkan bahwa konfigurasi pemasangan paling optimal dalam kasus ini adalah sekrup 3,5mm dengan konfigurasi horizontal dikarenakan lebih kecilnya perpindahan dan tegangan von mises yang dialami block graft dibandingkan dengan konfigurasi lainnya.......The majority of Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip treatments in Indonesia are not performed early enough to require surgery. The most common surgical operation is Total Hip Arthroplasty where the hip joint is completely replaced using a prosthetic implant. In practice, the cup of the prosthetic is attached using medical screws. Therefore, research on the stress obtained by the screw needs to be investigated to ensure the safety of the patient. A CAD model of a hip bone with a containment defect of approximately 40% was created paired with a prosthetic implant model secured by a block graft and attached with 2.7mm and 3.5mm diameter screws. Modeling was performed using the spline in the 3D sketch feature as a boundary for surface creation. The surface was then stitched to close the gap and allow thickening of the surface into a solid and creation of a solid model from the surface boundaries. The model was then simulated using SOLIDWORKS software with a loading of 400 N in a vertical downward direction on the spinal column. Mesh settings on mesh quality are set with a maximum mesh size of 29.6014mm and a minimum of 1.48007mm, a minimum number of elements in a circle of 8, and an element size growth ratio of 1.4. Mesh refinement was also performed on the block graft by setting a maximum mesh size of 8.63177mm. The authors found that the most optimal configuration in this case was a 3.5mm screw with a horizontal configuration due to the smaller displacement and von mises stress experienced by the block graft compared to other configurations."