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"Penelitian ini membahas mengenai pengaruh dinasti politik pada kegagalan implementasi kebijakan di Sri Lanka tahun 2019-2022. Mengacu pada teori implementasi kebijakan yang dikemukakan oleh George S. Edwards, dinasti politik yang mengakar pada perpolitikan Sri Lanka mampu mempengaruhi implementasi kebijakan ekonomi di Sri Lanka. Tulisan ini menyoroti beberapa faktor dan pengaruh yang mengakibatkan krisis keuangan Sri Lanka. Temuan dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa politik dinasti dengan anggota keluarga Gotabaya Rajapaksa yang mengisi jabatan strategis mampu mempengaruhi kebijakan ekonomi di Sri Lanka pada tahun 2019-2022. Sebagaimana yang telah dikemukakan oleh George S. Edward terkait empat variable yang harus dipenuhi demi keberhasilan implementasi kebijakan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan melakukan studi literatur dan ingin membuktikan hipotesis sementara bahwa dinasti politik keluarga Rajapaksa pada prosesnya mampu memengaruhi implementasi kebijakan yang berujung pada kegagalaan ekonomi pada tahun 2022. Politik dinasti yang memegang jabatan strategis kemudian menghasilkan kebijakan yang kurang matang dan menyebabkan gagalannya kebijakan tersebut yang berujung pada kegagalan ekonomi.......This research discusses the influence of political dynasties on the failure of policy implementation in Sri Lanka in 2019-2022. Referring to the theory of policy implementation put forward by George S. Edwards, political dynasties that are rooted in Sri Lankan politics are able to influence the implementation of economic policies in Sri Lanka. This paper examines several factors and influences that resulted in the Sri Lankan financial crisis. The findings from this study indicate that dynastic politics with members of the Gotabaya Rajapaksa family filling strategic positions can influence economic policy in Sri Lanka in 2019-2022. As stated by George S. Edward the four variables that must be met for the successful implementation of the policy. This research uses qualitative methods by conducting literature studies and wants to prove the provisional hypothesis that the political dynasty of the Rajapaksa family in the process is able to influence the implementation of policies that lead to economic failure in 2022. Political dynasties holding strategic positions then produce policies that are inconsiderable and cause policy failure which led to economic failure."

"Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan upaya untuk melihat hubungan antara keduanya ketidakpastian politik yang disebabkan oleh pemilihan umum melawan kebijakan dividen perusahaan ditetapkan dalam Rapat Umum Pemegang Saham Saham (RUPS) menggunakan data dari perusahaan non keuangan di Indonesia yang tercatat di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) yang melakukannya pembayaran dividen berturut-turut pada tahun 2004 - 2017. As Selain itu, penelitian ini mempertimbangkan hubungan antara kepemilikan menyatakan kebijakan dividen perusahaan dalam kondisi ketidakpastian yang besar tinggi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis regresi efek acak melakukan pengujian hipotesis. Berdasarkan pemrosesan data yang tersedia, ditemukan bahwa ketidakpastian politik tidak mempengaruhi kebijakan dividen perusahaan. Di sisi lain, penelitian ini juga menemukan bahwa tidak ada hubungan antara kepemilikan negara terhadap kebijakan dividen perusahaan pada kondisi ketidakpastian politik.......This research was conducted with an attempt to see the relationship between the two political uncertainties caused by the general election against the company's dividend policy stipulated in the General Meeting of Shareholders (GMS) using data from non-financial companies in Indonesia listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) that did so. successive dividend payments in 2004 - 2017. As well, this study considers the relationship between the stated ownership of the company's dividend policy under conditions of high uncertainty. This study uses a random effect regression analysis method to test the hypothesis. Based on available data processing, it is found that political uncertainty does not affect the company's dividend policy. On the other hand, this study also finds that there is no relationship between state ownership and company dividend policy under conditions of political uncertainty."

"Brokers, Voters, and Clientelism addresses major questions in distributive politics. Why is it acceptable for parties to try to win elections by promising to make certain groups of people better off, but unacceptable - and illegal - to pay people for their votes? Why do parties often lavish benefits on loyal voters, whose support they can count on anyway, rather than on responsive swing voters? Why is vote buying and machine politics common in today's developing democracies but a thing of the past in most of today's advanced democracies? This book develops a theory of broker-mediated distribution to answer these questions, testing the theory with research from four developing democracies, and reviews a rich secondary literature on countries in all world regions. The authors deploy normative theory to evaluate whether clientelism, pork-barrel politics, and other non-programmatic distributive strategies can be justified on the grounds that they promote efficiency, redistribution, or voter participation."